茨城県かすみがうら市の牛渡銚子塚古墳（全長64ｍ前方後円墳）

（101）茨城県かすみがうら市の牛渡銚子塚

（うしわたちょうしづか）古墳（全長64ｍ前方後円墳）



(101) Uwatari Choshi-zuka burial mound, Kasumigaura City, Ibaraki Prefecture (64 m long posterior frontal tomb)



かすみがうら市の牛渡下郷集落の北西部にある前方部を西に向ける前方後円墳


A post-anterior-cylindrical mound with the front part facing west, located in the northwestern part of the village of Uwatari Shimogo in Kasumigaura City.

 

墳丘の周りは畑になっており、手入れがよく、全景がきれいに見える。

The mound is surrounded by a field, which is well maintained and provides a beautiful panoramic view.

墳形は後円部に対して前方部の幅は後円部より広く発達しているが高さが後円部の半分と低く平坦で細長いことから比較的古様を留めている。

The front part of the mound is wider and more developed than the back part, but its height is only half that of the back part, and it is flat and slender, so it retains its relatively ancient shape.

後円部の頂には後世の祠があって登ることができ、前方部も望むことができる。

At the top of the posterior part, there is a later shrine that can be climbed and the anterior part can be seen.



全長64ｍ、後円部直径34ｍ・高さ5.6ｍ、前方部幅38ｍ・高さ2.7ｍ


Total length 64m, diameter of the posterior part 34m, height 5.6m, width of the anterior part 38m, height 2.7m.



築造・AC410～490年ごろ（5世紀・古墳時代中期）


Constructed, ca. 410-490 AC (5th century, mid-Kofun period)

この古墳は常陸国府の勅使がこの地で亡くなり遺体を埋葬したとの伝説から別名「勅使塚」とも呼ばれる。勅使と銚子の発音が類似することから「銚子塚」になったと思われる。


This burial mound is also called "Teshishi Mound" because of the legend that an imperial envoy of the Hitachi Province died here and his body was buried here. It is thought to have been named "Choshi-zuka" because of the similarity in pronunciation of the words "imperial envoy" and "choshi.



引用／現地案内板・かすみがうら市歴史博物館HP・石岡市立ふるさと歴史館第23回企画展「古墳出現」資料


Reference: Local information board, website of the Kasumigaura City Museum of History


翻訳／Deep pro

鹿児島・志布志の横瀬古墳（全長140ｍの大型前方後円墳）

（100）鹿児島・志布志の横瀬古墳

（全長140ｍの大型前方後円墳）


(100) Yokose Tumulus in ShibuShi Town, Kagoshima Prefecture (Large 140-meter-long posterior frontal tomb)



横瀬古墳は、志布志湾の海岸線より約1km入りこんだ標高約7mの水田のど真ん中にある巨大な前方後円墳で全長128m、周濠を含めた古墳全長は192ｍ

後円部正面から

後円部直径65m・高さ15m，

くびれ部幅45m，

前方部最大幅65m，高さ13mで

後円部は削られて，竪穴式石室の天井石が露出している。


This is a huge post-anterior-round tomb located in a paddy field at an elevation of about 7 m, about 1 km from the coastline of Shibushi Bay.
It is 128m long, 65m in diameter and 15m high at the back, 45m wide at the neck, 65m wide at the front, and 13m high at the back.



周りに遮るものが何もなく、360度から古墳を眺めることができ、

一見すると映画「スタートレック」の旗艦「エンタープライズ号」を

彷彿させるのは、私だけだろうか。


With an unobstructed 360-degree view of the tomb, is it just me or does it remind you of the flagship Enterprise from the movie Star Trek?

二重周溝を持ちその最大幅は18ｍ・深さ1mの内溝、

最大幅20ｍの周庭帯、そして最大幅4ｍ・深さ1mの外溝に囲まれていた。


It was surrounded by a double perimeter ditch, an inner ditch with a maximum width of 18m and a depth of 1m, a perimeter garden zone with a maximum width of 20m, and an outer ditch with a maximum width of 4m and a depth of 1m.



鹿児島県内では唐人大塚古墳に次ぐ2番目の規模で、西日本屈指の前方後円墳だ。


It is the second largest tomb in Kagoshima Prefecture after the Tojin-otsuka tomb, and one of the best anterior and posterior round tombs in western Japan.



埋葬施設は明治時代に竪穴式石室で、石室内は朱塗で、直刀・勾玉・甲冑があったと伝えられている。


The burial facility was a pit-type stone chamber during the Meiji era (1868-1912), and the interior of the chamber was covered in vermilion paint, and it is said that there were straight swords, jade beads, and armor.



 

発掘調査で、土師器の甕形土器片・陶邑窯産（すえむらようさん）須恵器・円筒埴輪・形象埴輪（人物・鳥・馬・盾・草摺（くさずり）など）、滑石製品などが出土


Excavations revealed that there were pottery fragments of earthenware, Sue-mura pottery, cylindrical haniwa (terra-cotta tomb figurines), figurative haniwa (figures, birds, horses, shields, grass-covered haniwa, etc.), and smooth stone products.

前方部頂にある祠

前方部登り口

被葬者は、ヤマト政権と深いつながりを持ち、大陸～南西諸島～近畿地方を結ぶ

広域交流の拠点を掌握していた西日本を代表する首長と推測


The funerary deceased is assumed to have been a representative chief of western Japan who had close ties with the Yamato regime and controlled a wide area of exchange between the continent, the Nansei Islands, and the Kinki region.



築造・AC450年ごろ（5世紀半ば・古墳時代中期）


Constructed around 450 AC (mid-5th century, mid-Kofun period)



引用／現地案内板・鹿児島県HP・HOBBY SEARCH


Reference: Local information board, Kagoshima Prefecture website,HOBBY SEARCH



翻訳／Deep pro

東京・上野公園の摺鉢山古墳（全長70ｍの前方後円墳）

（99）東京・上野公園の摺鉢山古墳（全長70ｍの前方後円墳）


(99) Suribachi-yama burial mound in Ueno Park, Tokyo (70-meter-long posterior frontal tomb)

 

誰もがご存じの東京都台東区にある上野公園。

西郷さんの犬を連れた銅像が有名ですし、国立博物館や近代美術館・上野動物園もります。

そんな上野公園にも今から1500年前に立派な前方後円墳が築造されていたのです。

Everyone knows about Ueno Park in Taito Ward, Tokyo. The park is famous for a bronze statue of Mr. Saigo with his dog, and also houses the National Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Ueno Zoo. There is also the National Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Ueno Zoo. In Ueno Park, a splendid anterior-hind-cylindrical tomb was built 1,500 years ago.



正岡子規記念球場の隣、西郷さんの銅像からだと歩いて3分程度のところにあって、

一見木の茂った小高い丘にしか見えませんが、古墳を見慣れた方なら、

次第に前方後円型の輪郭が見えてくるはず。


It is located next to the Masaoka Shiki Memorial Baseball Stadium, about a three-minute walk from the bronze statue of Mr. Saigo. At first glance, it looks like a small hill covered with trees, but if you are familiar with ancient tombs, you will gradually be able to see the outline of a forward and backward circle.

正岡子規野球場入口の隣にある後円部への階段

後円部の右横からも階段がある

後円部の上は公園に

後円部端から前方部を望む

くびれ部の上あたり

墳丘は後円部に階段があり前方部途中まで歩くことができます。
後円部は神社の跡なので平らな公園になっています。


There are stairs in the back part of the mound, and you can walk to the front part.
The back part of the mound is the remains of a shrine, so it is a flat park.

前方部後方より右後円部を望む

後円部正面（高さは5ｍ）

摺鉢山古墳は上野台地に築造された西向きの前方後円墳で

現存長70ｍ、後円部直径43ｍ・高さ5ｍ、前方部幅23ｍ
葺石はないが弥生式土器、埴輪の破片が出土
なお発掘未調査のため埋葬施設などは不明


The Suribachi-yama burial mound is a west-facing posterior-facing mound built on the Ueno plateau. 70 meters in length, 43 meters in diameter and 5 meters in height at the back, 23 meters in width at the front.
There is no thatched stone, but fragments of Yayoi earthenware and clay figurines have been excavated.
Burial facilities are unknown because they have not been excavated.


公園案内板の後ろに古墳あるのに存在感薄い
 

墳丘頂には、かって五條天神（1400年代）、清水観音堂（1600年代）が鎮座していた。


Gojo Tenjin (1400s) and Kiyomizu Kannondo (1600s) used to be enshrined at the top of the mound.



築造・AC400年代？（約1500年前・5世紀ごろ）


Construction: 400s AC? (ca. 1500 years ago, 5th century)



引用／現地案内板・台東区HP


Reference: Local information board, Taito City website



翻訳／Deep pro
 

福岡県嘉麻（かま）市・沖出（おきで）古墳（前方後円墳68M・AC360-390）

（98）福岡県嘉麻（かま）市・沖出（おきで）古墳

（前方後円墳68M・AC360-390）

(98) Okide Tumulus, Kama City, Fukuoka Prefecture (Round-faced Tomb 68M, AC360-390)

2019年8月撮影

2021年8月撮影では草刈りがされていなかった

沖出古墳は遠賀川の標高40ｍの丘陵の先を切り離し整形して築造された前方後円墳。

前方部から後円部を望む

全長約68ｍ、後円部直径約40ｍ、前方部幅約26ｍ

前方部2段・後円部3段築成で前面に葺石


The Okide burial mound is a post-anterior-round burial mound constructed by cutting off and reshaping the tip of a hill 40m above the Onga River.
It is approximately 68m long, 40m in diameter at the back, and 26m wide at the front.
The front part of the tomb is two-story and the back part is three-story, with thatched stones in front.



埴輪はつぼ型・円筒型・朝顔型・家型で、

特に家型埴輪は前方部の先端及び後円部の墳頂に立てられていた。

前方部からは「船」の絵が刻まれた朝顔型埴輪が出土し、葬られた人の魂を乗せた船が「黄泉の国」へ旅立つ様子を描いたのではと想定されている。


Haniwa (clay figurines) are vase-shaped, cylindrical, morning glory-shaped, and house-shaped, and house-shaped haniwa in particular were placed at the top of the front section and the top of the back section.
A morning glory type Haniwa with a picture of a ship was excavated from the front part, and it is assumed that it depicts a ship carrying the soul of the buried person leaving for the Land of Hades.


石室入口

埋葬施設は後円部に竪穴式石室が築かれ室内中央に

砂岩で造られた割竹形石棺（長さ2.8ｍ・高さ0.77ｍ・幅0.73ｍ）が置かれていた。
 

九州唯一となる鍬形石3点・車輪石2点・石釧（いしくしろ）2点の

3種の石製腕飾りが出土したことから、

大和政権と強い結びつきのある人物の墓と推定される。


As for the burial facilities, a pit stone chamber was built in the rear circle, and a split bamboo-shaped stone coffin (2.8m long, 0.77m high, and 0.73m wide) made of sandstone was placed in the center of the chamber.
Three types of stone armor (three hoe-shaped stones, two wheel stones, and two ishishikushiro), the only ones found in Kyushu, were excavated, suggesting that the tomb belonged to someone with strong ties to the Yamato regime.

前方部左下より

後円部左前方より

築造・AC360-390年ごろ（4世紀末）


Construction, ca. 360-390 AC (late 4th century)



古墳は国道２１１号線すぐそばの広大な「沖出古墳公園」に

当時の姿を復元されて横たわっている。


The tomb lies in the vast "Okide Tumulus Park" near Route 211, restored to its original state.



引用／現地案内板


Reference/ Local information board



翻訳／Deep pro

 

西都原古墳群特集（8）西都原のシンボル鬼の窟（おにのいわや）古墳（206号墳・円墳）

（97）西都原古墳群特集　⑧　鬼の窟（おにのいわや）古墳

（206号墳・円墳）


(97) Special feature on the Saitobaru burial mounds (8) Onino-Iwaya burial mound (burial mound No. 206)




206号墳（鬼の窟古墳）は西都原最後の首長墓で西都原のシンボル


The 206th burial mound (Onino-Iwaya burial mound) is the symbol of Saitobaru and the tomb of the last chief of Saitobaru.



2段築成の円墳で直径36.4ｍ・高さ7.3ｍ


It is a two-tiered circular tomb with a diameter of 36.4m and a height of 7.3m.


墳丘の周囲には内壕（幅9.9-11ｍ）

外提（幅10-11ｍ・高さ5.2ｍ）、外壕（幅5ｍ）


The mound is surrounded byInner moat (9.9-11m wide)・Outer moat (10-11m wide and 5.2m high)・Outer moat (5 m wide)

玄室から出口を望む（両袖式）

畿内型の横穴式石室で両袖型の単室
全長12.4ｍで羨道長7.5ｍ・幅1.8ｍ・高さ1.5ｍ


A single chamber of the Kinai type of side-hole stone chamber with two sleeves
Total length: 12.4m, envelope length: 7.5m, width: 1.8m, height: 1.5m



玄室は長方形で長さ4.9ｍ・奥幅1.75ｍ・前幅2.4ｍ・高さ2.15ｍ
玄室奥壁は最下段に大石を据えた四段構成、

天井石は玄室・羨道ともに三石を架構する


The main chamber is rectangular, 4.9m long, 1.75m wide at the back, 2.4m wide at the front, and 2.15m high.
The back wall of the chamber has a four-story structure with a large stone at the bottom, and the ceiling has three stones in both the chamber and the enclosed passage.



組合せ式木棺による三回以上の埋葬を確認
出土は耳環・玉類・鉄くぎ・鉄鏃・金銅馬具片・須恵器・土師器など


Confirmation of three or more burials in a combination wooden coffin.
Finds include ear rings, jewels, iron nails, iron arrowheads, gilt-bronze harness pieces, Sue ware, and earthenware.


復元前の様子

築造はAC560-590年ごろ（6世紀末ごろ）


Constructed in the late 6th century AC 560-590



鬼の窟（おにのいわや）の名の由来
木花開邪姫（このはなさくやひめ）を嫁にと願う悪鬼が、父の山の神、オオヤマツミから一夜で岩屋をつくる様に言われ、一夜で完成させたという伝説による。　


The name "Oni no Iwaya" comes from a legend that an evil demon who wanted to marry Princess Konohana Sakuya was told by her father, Oyamatsumi, the god of the mountains, to build a rock shelter in one night, which he completed in one night.　



引用／古墳時代の南九州の雄「西都原古墳群」（東 憲章著・新泉社）・現地案内板


Reference: "The Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group," by Azuma Charter, published by Shinsensha in the Kofun period.



翻訳／Deep pro
 

西都原古墳群特集（7） 姫塚（202号墳・最後の前方後円墳））

（96）西都原古墳群特集　⑦　姫塚

（202号墳・最後の前方後円墳）


(96) Special feature on the Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group (7) Hime-zuka (Mound No. 202, the last anterior-posterior round tomb)



西都原古墳群の中で最後に造られた前方後円墳


This is the last anterior-posterior round tomb built in the Saitobaru Kofun Group.



墳長57.3ｍ、後円部直径34.4ｍ・後円部高6.2-6.3ｍ、

前方部幅約41.5ｍ・前方部高5.4-5.7ｍ
後円部・前方部とも二段築成
葺石なし盾形の周堀がめぐる


Mound length 57.3m, diameter of the posterior part 34.4m, height of the posterior part 6.2-6.3m, width of the anterior part approx. 41.5m, height of the anterior part 5.4-5.7m
Both the posterior and anterior sections were built in two stages.
Surrounded by a shield-shaped moat without thatched stones.



埋葬施設は後円部から木棺直葬
出土物は鉄刀・鉄鏃・玉類・須恵器


Direct burial in a wooden coffin from the rear circle.
Iron swords, iron arrowheads, jewels, and Sue ware were excavated.



築造はAC560-590年（6世紀後半）


Constructed in the late 6th century.



引用／古墳時代の南九州の雄「西都原古墳群」（東 憲章著・新泉社）・現地案内板


Reference: "The Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group," by Azuma Charter, published by Shinsensha in the Kofun period.



翻訳／Deep pro

西都原古墳群特集（6）第3古墳群（111号→265号墳）

（95）西都原古墳群特集　⑥第3古墳群（111号→265号墳）

（95）Special Feature on the Saitobaru Tumulus Group (6) The 3rd Tumulus Group (No. 111 to No. 265)



第3古墳群は86基の古墳が確認されている。


In the 3rd Kofun Tumulus Group, 86 tumuli have been confirmed.



第3古墳群　111号墳　円墳「4号地下式横穴墓（南九州独得）」

No. 3 Kofun Mound Group, Mound No. 111: Round Mound "No. 4 Underground Yokoana Tomb (South Kyushu Unique)



 

円墳の直径24ｍ、高さ5ｍ、2段築成で葺石と周溝が確認された。


The tomb is 24 m in diameter, 5 m high, and has a two-stage construction with thatched stones and circumferential grooves.

地下約 2.7ｍに南九州独得の地下式横穴墓がある。


2.7m below the ground, there is an underground cave-in tomb unique to Southern Kyushu.

西都原古墳群（北郷泰道著・同成社）より

家型の天井を持つ玄室 (墓室 )があり、

床面は長方形で幅 2.2ｍ、奥行 5,5ｍ 、高さ 1.6ｍ


The floor is rectangular, 2.2m wide, 5.5m deep, and 1.6m high, with a basement (tomb chamber) with a house-shaped ceiling.



出土品は、短甲、碧玉製管玉、硬玉製曲玉、ガラス玉、滑石製の小玉、珠文鏡等。


The artifacts excavated include a short armor, jasper beads, curved beads made of hard jade, glass beads, small beads made of smooth stone, and a mirror with a bead design.


第3古墳群　265号墳　唯一の前方後円墳（通称・舟塚)


Tumulus No. 265, 3rd Tumulus Group: The only anterior-posterior round tomb (commonly known as Funazuka)

現地案内版より

基底石間で墳長55.6ｍ・後円部直径35ｍ、前方部幅約40.5ｍと推定。高さは5.5ｍ


It is estimated that the length of the mound is 55.6m, the diameter of the posterior part 35m, and the width of the anterior part about 40.5m. The height is 5.5m.

後円部から前方部を望む

造り出しが左くびれ部にあり、第２周堀も墳丘左半部にのみ巡ることから

築造に際しては、北東側を意識したことが明らか。


It is clear that the northeast side of the mound was considered when constructing the mound, as the embankment is located on the left side of the mound and the second perimeter moat is located only on the left half of the mound.


特別史跡西都原古墳群発掘調査報告書第14集「西都原265号墳」より

埋葬施設は後円部にあり木棺直葬とみられ、直刀、矛、鉄鏃等の武具、十字型文鏡（古墳時代中期に製作された倭鏡）、管玉、麻布片等が発見された。



The burial facility is located in the rear circle and is thought to be a direct burial in a wooden coffin. Armor such as straight swords, pikes, and iron arrowheads, a mirror with a cross-shaped design (a Japanese mirror made in the middle of the Kofun period), a jade tube, and a piece of linen were discovered.

前方部から後円部望む

築造は西都原古墳群では新しいAC460-490年（5世紀後葉）


The tomb was built in the late 5th century, 460-490 AC, which is new for the Saitobaru tumulus group.



引用／西都原古墳群（北郷泰道著・同成社）・特別史跡西都原古墳群発掘調査報告書第14集「西都原265号墳」（全国遺跡報告総覧）・現地案内板


Citation: Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group (Yasumichi Kitago, Doseisha), Special Historic Site Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group Excavation Report Vol. 14 "Saitobaru 265-go Tumulus" (Zenkoku Site Report Souran), Local Information Board


翻訳／Deep pro




 

西都原古墳群特集（5）第２古墳群（90号→83号→109号→101号墳）

（94）西都原古墳群特集・⑤第２古墳群

（90号→83号→109号→101号墳)


(94) Special feature on the Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group, (5) The 2nd Kofun Tumulus Group （Mounds 90, 83, 109 and 101)

第２古墳群・90号墳（大山祇塚・おおやまずみづか）


The 2nd Kofun Tumulus Group, Mound No. 90 (Oyamazumizuka)



 

全長96ｍの柄鏡の前方後円墳
後円部直径51ｍ・後円部高さ7.1ｍ、前方部幅31ｍ・前方部高さ3.8ｍ
築造はAC310-390年ごろ（4世紀）


A 96-meter-long postero-cylindrical mound with a handle mirror
Diameter of the posterior part 51m, height of the posterior part 7.1m, width of the anterior part 31m, height of the anterior part 3.8m
Constructed around 310-390 AC (4th century)



男狭穂塚・女狭穂塚古墳に次ぐ大きさを誇るが未調査　
被葬者は木花開邪姫（このはなさくやひめ）の

父の大山祇命（おおやまずみのみこと）と伝えられている。


It is the second largest burial mound after the male and female Sahomozuka burial mounds, but has not yet been surveyed.　
The funerary deity is said to be Oyamazumi no Mikoto, the father of Princess Konohazakuyahime.



第２古墳群・83号墳

Second Tumulus Group, Mound No. 83

 

全長84mの柄鏡式の前方後円墳
後円部径44ｍ・高さ6ｍ、前方部幅27ｍ・高さ2.8ｍ。
第二古墳群では二番目の大きさ。
葺石ありも造り出しはない。
築造はAC310-390年ごろ（4世紀）


This is a 84-meter-long, mirror-shaped, posterior-facing tomb.
The posterior part is 44m in diameter and 6m high, and the anterior part is 27m wide and 2.8m high.
It is the second largest in the Second Tumulus Group.
Thatched stone is present, but there is no built-up area.
Constructed in the 4th century.



第２古墳群・109号墳


Tumulus 109, No. 2 Tumulus Group



 

全長70mの柄鏡式の前方後円墳
後円部径36ｍ・高さ4.1ｍ、前方部幅28ｍ・高さ3.2ｍ。
築造4世紀か？


This is a 70-meter-long mirror mound.
The posterior part is 36m in diameter and 4.1m high, and the anterior part is 28m wide and 3.2m high.
Constructed in the 4th century?



第２古墳群・101号墳

Tumulus 101, No. 2 Tumulus Group



辺15ｍの正方形に近い方墳
女狭穂塚古墳の陪塚である171号墳の2分の1の規格で築造され、

埴輪の製作技法や焼成、色調についても共通点が多く「ミニ 171 号墳」として捉えられる。
築造は５世紀前半頃の女狭穂塚築造に伴って築造され、女狭穂塚やその陪塚のために生産された埴輪の一部を分配されたとの想定が可能。


A square tomb with a side of 15m.
It was built to a standard of half that of the 171st mound, which is a jury mound of the Mesahozuka burial mound, and can be regarded as a "mini 171st mound," as there are many similarities in the production technique, firing, and color tone of the clay images.
It was constructed along with the construction of the Mesahozuka mound around the first half of the 5th century, and it is possible to assume that some of the haniwa produced for the Mesahozuka and its jury mound were distributed.



被葬者は男狭穂塚・女狭穂塚の被葬者と

密接な関係にあった人物という可能性が高まってきた


There is an increasing possibility that the buried person was closely related to the buried person of the Osaho and Mesaho mounds.



引用／西都原古墳群（北郷泰道著・同成社）・特別史跡西都原古墳群発掘調査報告書第15集「西都 101号墳」・現地説明版


Citation: Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group (Yasumichi Kitago, Doseisha), Special Historic Site Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group Excavation Report Vol. 15, "Saitobaru 101-go Mound," Field Description Version


翻訳・Deep pro

西都原古墳群特集（4）第２古墳群（100号）

（93）西都原古墳群特集・④第２古墳群（100号墳)


(93) Special feature on the Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group, ④The 2nd Kofun Tumulus Group (No. 100)

柄鏡型の前方後円墳で全長は57.4ｍ　
後円部の直径は32.4mで傾斜は1段目が約30度、2・3段目が約25度となっており1・２段目のテラス幅は80cm前後。
前方部の長さは東側で26m・西側で24mあり、前方部先端幅は17.5ｍ程度で傾斜は後円部とほぼ同じ。

Mirror-shaped posterior frontal mound.Total length 57.4m　
The diameter of the posterior circle is 32.4m.
The slope of the first terrace is about 30 degrees, and the second and third terraces about 25 degrees.
The width of the first and second terraces is about 80cm.
Frontal length is 26m on the east side and 24m on the west side.
The width of the front end is about 17.5 m.
The slope is almost the same as that of the back circle.



後円部は3段築成、前方部は2段築成で、各テラスは互いに不整合無くつながっている。

墳頂平坦面は前方先端から後円部方向へ緩やかに下降した後、

若干上昇気味にくびれ部へ向かう。

The back circle is built in three stages, and the front part is built in two stages.
The terrace is connected to the posterior part without any inconsistency.
The flat surface of the top of the mound descends gently from the front tip toward the back of the circle, and then rises slightly toward the neck.



茸石は墳丘斜面部全面から検出され、テラス上は認められなかった。
前方部・後円部ともに各段の斜面部端に根石が1列（部分的に2列）廻っていた。
周溝は後円部をほぼ全周する可能性が高いとのこと。


Mushroom stones were found on the entire slope of the mound, but not on the terrace.
In both the front and back sections, a row (partially two rows) of root stones was found around the edge of each slope.
There is a high possibility that the perimeter ditch almost circumscribes the rear circle.



埋葬施設は地下レーダー探査で深さ1．8m前後の地点で

長さ5～6m・幅2～3m程度の主体部があると考えられる。


The burial facility is thought to have a main part of 5-6m in length and 2-3m in width at a depth of around 1.8m according to underground radar survey.



後円部墳頂平坦面中央部付近で数個体の高杯及び壷形土器が出土


Several high cups and vase-shaped earthenware were excavated near the center of the flat surface at the top of the posterior mound.



築造はAC310-350年ごろ（4世紀前半～中頃）


The tomb was built around 310-350 AC (early to mid-4th century).



次回は第２古墳群（90号→83号→109号墳）


Next time: The 2nd Kofun Tumulus Group (No. 90 → No. 83 → No. 109)



引用／2005古墳分布南端域における出現期古墳の実証的研究（KAKEN）・「特別史跡西都原古墳群発掘調査報告書第3集　西都原100号墳」・現地説明版・探訪ガイドMAP・一般財団法人みやざき公園協会「特別史跡公園西都原古墳群」HP


Citation: 2005 Empirical study of emergence-period burial mounds in the southern end of the burial mound distribution area (KAKEN), "Special Historic Site Saitobaru Kofun Group Excavation Report Vol. 3: Saitobaru 100-go Mound", Local explanatory version, Sightseeing guide MAP, Miyazaki Park Association "Special Historic Site Park Saitobaru Kofun Group" HP


翻訳・Deep pro

西都原古墳群特集（3）第２古墳群（81号→100号→90号→83号→109号墳）

（92）西都原古墳群特集・③第２古墳群（81号墳)


(92) Special feature on the Saitobaru Kofun Tumulus Group, (3) The 2nd Kofun Tumulus Group (No. 81 to No. 100)


第2古墳群は

柄鏡型前方後円墳10基を含む39基確認。
築造はAC250-340年（3世紀半ばから4世紀初め）


Thirty-nine tumuli were found in the 2nd tumulus group, including ten mirror-shaped posterior frontal tombs.
They were built between 250-340 AC (mid-3rd century to far-4th century).



ご紹介順は前方後円墳の築造順に81号墳→100号墳→90号墳→83号墳→109号墳


The tombs are introduced in the order of their construction: No. 81, No. 100, No. 90, No. 83, and No. 109.


今回は第２古墳群・81号墳


Tumulus No. 2, Mound 81


私が立っているのが柄鏡型の前方部

81号墳は、第二古墳群の南端にある柄鏡型前方後円墳で

唯一前方部が北を向いている。
墳長53.7m、後円部直径37.5m、後円部高3.7〜6.9m、

前方部長20m、前方部高さ1.2〜1.6m


Located at the southern end of the Second Tumulus Group, this is the only mirror-shaped post-anterior circle tomb with the front part facing north.
Mound length: 53.7 m; posterior circle diameter: 37.5 m; posterior circle height: 3.7-6.9 m; anterior section length: 20 m; anterior section height: 1.2-1.6 m.

後円部から低いなだらかな前方部を望む
 

写真右側のくびれ部に突出部

奈良県の纒向石塚古墳とほぼ等しい比率をもつ墳形。
墳丘は後円部のみ2段築成、前方部前面を除いて周堀がある。
後円部南側に突出部があり
上部平坦面外周に石組みが全周する


The shape of the mound is almost equal in proportion to that of the Garou Ishizuka mound in Nara Prefecture.
Only the posterior part of the mound is built on two levels, and there is a moat around the front part of the mound.
There is a protruding part on the south side of the rear circle.
A masonry structure completely surrounds the outer circumference of the upper flat surface.


 

埋葬施設は突出部上面、くびれ部、後円部上段墳丘斜面から4基確認。


Four burial facilities were found on the upper surface of the protruding section, at the neck, and on the slope of the upper mound of the rear section.



築造時期はAC260-290（3世紀後葉）と推測。


The date of construction is estimated to be 260-290 AC (later part of the 3rd century).

次回は第２古墳群（100号墳）


Next time: The 2nd Kofun Tumulus Group (No.100)



引用／2005古墳分布南端域における出現期古墳の実証的研究（KAKEN）・探訪ガイドMAP・一般財団法人みやざき公園協会「特別史跡公園西都原古墳群」HP


Citation: 2005 Empirical study of emergence-period burial mounds in the southern end of the burial mound distribution area (KAKEN),  Sightseeing guide MAP, Miyazaki Park Association "Special Historic Site Park Saitobaru Kofun Group" HP


翻訳・Deep pro