STEAM英語も英語のうちです。
基本的な文法が土台になります。実際は、土台どころかこれで勝負できます。
その上で興味のある分野を英語で触れるのが、最も効率よい英語力の上げ方でしょう。
社会人で英語力アップに悩んでいる方は、
興味ある分野という呑気なことを言っていられないので
業務に直結する分野を英語で読む、あるいは文法的に（主語/動詞）と区切るだけでもOK、
とにかく触れてみましょう。
Twitterは今のところ、無料で簡単にアクセスできる上、
1 tweetの文字数ワード数も限定されていますから
学習方法の１つとしておススメです。
イーロン マスクさんの英語もさすがに簡潔です。
フォローして、この前後のTweetを読んでみてね。
太陽の色は何色？
内容もワクチンに関する重要なものですが、サマリーポスターとしてのデザインも素晴らしい。
モノのクレーム
USP 11493382
whereinをどう使うかは、日本出願からの翻訳では悩みどころになりがちです。複数のエレメントに跨ぐ限定は最後のほうにまとめて書くことになります。
wherein内の冠詞も大いに悩みます。一番下のwherein内 an intensity of light reflected from the reflective structure は１つの参考例になります。
下記クレームでは主語（エレメント）の繰り返しも頻繁にされています。
What is claimed is:
1. An electronic device comprising:
a housing;
an ambient light sensor configured to detect ambient light, the ambient light sensor disposed within the housing; and
a display coupled to the housing,
the display comprising:
a cover glass layer comprising a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface forms an outer surface of the electronic device;
a first layer disposed on the second surface, the first layer formed of a white ink that is translucent;
a second layer disposed on the first layer, the second layer comprising the white ink;
a third layer disposed on the second layer, the third layer comprising the white ink; and
a fourth layer formed of a black ink, wherein the fourth layer comprises a first aperture that is aligned with the ambient light sensor;
wherein the white ink is transmissive to ambient light, and the ambient light sensor is configured to detect ambient light that propagates through the cover glass layer, the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer, and
wherein the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer together form a reflective structure, and wherein an intensity of light reflected from the reflective structure is proportional to a cosine of an angle between a direction of incident light and the reflective structure.
日本ではこのところ帯状疱疹がたびたびトピックに上がっています。
COVID-19のワクチン接種後の症状の１つに帯状疱疹があるのではないかということですね。
下記は約110万人を対象にした調査の結果を記載している論文Abstractです。
さて、どのような関連が書かれているでしょう。
Abstractの中に明確に記されています。
Abstract
Background
Reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which causes herpes zoster (HZ, synonym: shingles) in humans, can be a rare adverse reaction to vaccines. Recently, reports of cases after COVID-19 vaccination have arisen.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess whether the frequency of HZ is found to increase after COVID-19 vaccination in a large cohort, based on real-world data. As a hypothesis, the incidence of HZ was assumed to be significantly higher in subjects who received a COVID-19 vaccine (Cohort I) vs. unvaccinated individuals (Cohort II).
Methods
The initial cohorts of 1 095 086 vaccinated and 16 966 018 unvaccinated patients were retrieved from the TriNetX database and were matched on age and gender in order to mitigate confounder bias.
Results
After matching, each cohort accounted for 1 095 086 patients. For the vaccinated group (Cohort I), 2204 subjects developed HZ within 60 days of COVID-19 vaccination, while among Cohort II, 1223 patients were diagnosed with HZ within 60 days after having visited the clinic for any other reason (i.e. not vaccination). The risk of developing shingles was calculated as 0.20% and 0.11% for cohort I and cohort II, respectively. The difference was statistically highly significant (P < 0.0001; log-rank test). The risk ratio and odds ratio were 1.802 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.680; 1.932) and 1.804 (95% CI = 1.682; 1.934).
Conclusions
Consistent with the hypothesis, a higher incidence of HZ was statistically detectable post-COVID-19 vaccine. Accordingly, the eruption of HZ may be a rare adverse drug reaction to COVID-19 vaccines. Even though the molecular basis of VZV reactivation remains murky, temporary compromising of VZV-specific T-cell-mediated immunity may play a mechanistic role in post-vaccination pathogenesis of HZ. Note that VZV reactivation is a well-established phenomenon both with infections and with other vaccines (i.e. this adverse event is not COVID-19-specific).
要旨の書き方の勉強にもなる英文です。
Terms
・cohort = 群
・adverse もよく見る形容詞で、harmful, negative, unfavorableのような意味
小惑星「リュウグウ」の元となった天体には大量の水があったと考えられるそうです。
小さなサンプルから見出される内容が壮大すぎる。。。
先生方はロマンを感じながら研究されたことでしょうと拝察します。
下記はScienceに発表のあった論文からの引用です。
Carbonaceous meteorites are thought to be fragments of C-type (carbonaceous) asteroids.
Samples of the C-type asteroid (162173) Ryugu were retrieved by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft.
We measure the mineralogy, bulk chemical and isotopic compositions of Ryugu samples.
They are mainly composed of materials similar to carbonaceous chondrite meteorites, particularly the CI (Ivuna-type) group.
The samples consist predominantly of minerals formed in aqueous fluid on a parent planetesimal.
The primary minerals were altered by fluids at a temperature of 37 ± 10°C, (ここに入る数値は上の画像参照) million years after formation of the first solids in the Solar System.
After aqueous alteration, the Ryugu samples were likely never heated above ~100°C.
The samples have a chemical composition that more closely resembles the Sun’s photosphere than other natural samples do.
このアブストラクトには"water"はありませんが、本文を読むとあります。
挑戦してください。
"Formation histroy of Ryugu"のパートとかお勧めです。下記はその一部！
Approximately one to two million years later, roughly 5 million years after Solar System formation (Fig. 5), the material that would later be incorporated into Ryugu experienced aqueous alteration. This caused precipitation of dolomite and magnetite from an aqueous solution at about 37°C. The aqueous alteration of the primary minerals was very extensive. The saponite produced by this fluid-assisted alteration in the parent body must have contained large amounts of interlayer water (~7 wt.%) in its crystal structure, when it formed under saturated water activity, as observed in Ivuna (data S6). The low abundance of interlayer water in the Ryugu samples (0.3 wt.%) indicates that much of this water later escaped to space, most likely after disruption of the parent body and formation of the rubble pile asteroid Ryugu. We cannot definitively identify the dehydration mechanism, but suggest it may have included some combination of impact heating, solar heating, space weathering, and long-term exposure of the asteroid surface to the ultra-high vacuum of space.
