インドですら人手不足の懸念
BPOの未来（エコノミスト誌）
Indian call centres
Busy signals
Too many chiefs, not enough Indians
インドと人手不足は結びつかない話のようですが、ソフトウェア産業と比較して、BPO(アウトソーシング)業務では急成長に人手が追いつかない懸念が出てきているようです。
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(前略)Call-centre jobs, rather glamorous until recently, are losing their allure. Staff often have to work nights, put up with abuse and undergo undignified security checks. With the number of BPO workers expected to reach 1m by 2009, a shortfall of 260,000 qualified personnel is predicted. Sujay Chohan, of Gartner, contrasts BPO with
The industry is beginning to help itself. The CCAI, with the Confederation of Indian Industry, has launched a training initiative. It will offer a standardised qualification for new BPO workers: improving English, “neutralising” accents, teaching some computer skills and so on. NASSCOM, a lobby for the software and services industry, is also introducing an “assessment and certification” programme for would-be employees. Such schemes should cut costs, ease wage pressures and help keep crooks out.
独断的コメント：
産業発展には、人、物、金という経営資源が同調して拡大する必要があります。さもなくば、スピード化経済の中でボトルネックのために成長が阻害され、他国に競争優位を奪われかねません。
BPO業務はサービス産業とは言っても、労働集約要素の強いものなので、インドが断然優位にありますが、少しの油断が失速を招きかねないということのようです。
更に興味のある方は、 ↓
http://www.economist.com/business/PrinterFriendly.cfm?Story_ID=4379034
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Nigerian scam（ナイジェリア詐欺）を知っていますか？
災害被害者に付け入る詐欺師達（ワシントン・ポスト紙）
Law Enforcement Braces for More Fraud
災害復興のために、資材や労力を提供するボランティアがいる一方で、この機会を利用して詐欺を働く輩も急増しているようです・・・・・・・。
The three
Saying they were from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, they took names, Social Security numbers, birth dates and other information, promising to speed up the registration process and, more important, payment of disaster benefits.
The problem was that they weren't from FEMA. They were impersonating FEMA officials to steal personal information, said Carl Monk, chief investigator for the
One woman complained to federal officials about an e-mail solicitation she received after posting her e-mail address on numerous Web sites, seeking a missing relative. The solicitation was an updated version of the old Nigerian scam, offering a $1,000 donation to "help you get back to your normal life financially from the effects of the Hurricane." The money would be sent in a $4,500 check; the woman first had to wire $3,500 to a Nigerian charity.
Dozens of fraudulent Web sites have appeared, pretending to seek donations for Katrina victims. FBI and state officials have cracked down on many of them.（後略）・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
独断的コメント：
個人を信用せず、お上や大会社を信用するよう訓練付けられている社会では、小切手などは普及せず、システムとしてはもっと剣呑な自動振り替えが一般化します。
我が国と対極的に、個人も組織も自分以外は信用しないというアメリカ社会では、小切手が未だに主要な決済手段です。そこで、詐欺も小切手を絡ませたものとなります。
更に興味のある方は、 ↓
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/09/AR2005090902002_pf.html
もっと一般的な小切手詐欺の手口は、これ ↓
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/10/AR2005091000177_pf.html
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次にくる大災害は？
ポスト・カトリーナの課題（ビジネス・ウィーク誌）
The Next Big One
Where
カトリーナの災害復興が徐々に進むにつれ、責任のなすり合いが始まっています。
他方、米国の脆弱さを露呈させたこの事件を反省し、この後も予想される災害対策への議論も始まっています。
ビジネス・ウィークは、この面で建設的な提案を試みています。
（前略）・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・There's no way to be sure, but a confluence of trends appears to be raising the frequency, magnitude, and costs of many killer risks. Global integration is bringing everything and everybody closer faster, from technology to terrorists, visitors to viruses. Potential proliferation of small biological, nuclear, and chemical weapons is making security more difficult. Whatever the cause, the earth is warming, making much of the weather more ferocious. The
The good news is that preparing for one disaster prepares for all of them. Planning relies on the same infrastructure and organizations. People are reluctant to pay to prepare for an unlikely event that may happen once in a lifetime. Paying for the possibility of a series of different unlikely events seems to make even less sense. A new approach to both terrorist and natural disasters may work better: Allow cities to deal with all contingencies at once by using the same infrastructure. Pioneered by the State University of New York at Buffalo's Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, this approach to multiple hazards is being used in California to "enhance the resilience of the critical infrastructure that communities will need," says director Michel Bruneau. "The three most important things are power and water, acute-care facilities like hospitals, and response-and-recovery capabilities." Strengthen these three, and you are better prepared to deal with almost all eventualities.
（後略）・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
独断的コメント：
記事はこの後、１．余剰能力を確保するコストの負担、２．ばら撒きに変わる、支出の優先付け、３．機能しなかった組織の再組織化、という３点の重要性を指摘しています。
そして、これまでの危機対処型から、危機予防型へと政治体質を変える必要性を指摘するのです。
平和ボケのこの国でも同じ議論が必要でしょうが、大災害が起こらない限り国民の目が覚めることはなく、金に直結しない話には政治家も動かないでしょう。
更に興味のある方は、 ↓
http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_38/b3951001.htm
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米国の取締役会は機能などしていない！
新任CEOの旧体制処分（ニューヨーク・タイムス紙）
Morgan Director Resigns, a Sign That a Reorganization Is Likely
追放されたモルガン・スタンレーの前CEOを支持してきた実力取締役がひっそりと辞任届けを出しましたが・・・・
Michael A. Miles, a Morgan Stanley
director with close ties to the former chief executive, Philip J. Purcell, has resigned from the board, the bank said yesterday.
The move, which was expected, is the latest signal that the new chief executive, John J. Mack, intends to reorganize a board that during the battle over Mr. Purcell's leadership became a lightning rod for criticism and remains the target of several shareholder lawsuits.
A former chief executive of Philip Morris
, Mr. Miles, 66, was one of the original directors of Dean Witter when the investment bank was spun off from its parent, Sears, in 1993.
As head of Morgan's nominating committee, Mr. Miles was an architect of a board that included several former chief executives, many of whom lived in the
"I believe there is always a need for change and refreshment in any organization," Mr. Miles said in his letter of resignation.
A longtime director with years of boardroom experience - at one time he was on seven boards in addition to Morgan Stanley - Mr. Miles was one of Mr. Purcell's closest advisers during the bitter dispute with the group of eight dissident executives who were calling for Mr. Purcell's resignation. （後略）・・・・・・・・・
独断的コメント：
モルガン・スタンレーの内紛はいまや旧聞に属してしまいましたが、これを助長した取締役会はこれからひっそりと片がつけられていくのでしょう。
ここに登場するマイルズ氏は米国の典型的な独立（？）取締役です。フィリップ・モリスの経営者として成功し、引退後は８社もの社外取締役を引き受けてきたそうです。
すでに十分過ぎる資産形成を実現したマイルズ氏のような取締役にとって、経営にかかわる動機は何でしょうか？報酬ではありません。社外の取締役の報酬などは、マイルズ氏にとっては小遣い稼ぎにもならないでしょうから、恐らくは経営にかかわる緊張感と名声でしょうか？
そういう取締役たちが、会社をレベレッジにして私的な財産形成に躍起となっている経営者を牽制できるという根拠は何でしょうか？
追放に到った前CEOを擁護し続けたマイルズ氏には、古くからの友人である前CEOに招かれたという利害の一致関係がありました。
不幸なことにこれが典型的な欧米の取締役であり、破綻や不振に陥った企業のすべてに登場します。
我が国を代表する経済系全国紙が最近世界の企業統治ランキングで日本が最下位だったと報じていましたが、この新聞社自身企業統治に大いに問題があるので、むべなるかなと思いますが、それでも米国が企業統治後進国と日本を名指しする資格などはとてもないと思えます。
更に興味のある方は、 ↓
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/07/business/07morgan.html?pagewanted=print
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ITアウトソースはインドに向かう
インドの脅威（ビジネス・ウィーク誌）
Indian IT's "Powerful Message"
ABN Amro's mega-outsourcing deals awarded to Tata Consultancy Services and Infosys may bring Indian outfits closer to global leadership
５年間で２２.４億ドルに達するABM AmroのITアウトソーシング業務のうち、１８億ドルはIBMに行きましたが、２．５億ドルを受注したタタ（TCS）、１．４億ドルを受注したインフォシスに加え、パトニというインドの大手IT企業３社が登場したことで、アウトソーシング業務は真にグローバル化したことを示し、かつインドIT企業の存在を無視できないものとしたようです。
（前略）・・・・・・・・
GLOBAL BRAWL.
Analysts believe the pact plays to the strength of the Indian players. Roopa Unnikrishnan, a manager at New York-based outsourcing consulting firm Katzenbach Partners, says, "They're really good at innovating and developing people. It's really smart to use them on the software side, where things will be changing quickly."
In a report issued Aug. 23, Katzenbach Partners said it expects Indian IT outfits to ultimately lead on a global basis, potentially unseating such giants as EDS (EDS
), BearingPoint (BE
), and
Smaller
"YANKEE INGENUITY." Keane, a $900 million company, now has about 2,000 of its 9,000 workers in
IBM, along with Accenture and others, is also rapidly expanding in
So the race is on between U.S. and European companies（この記事もジャパン・パッシングでしょうか？） that are building up their capabilities in
独断的コメント：
英語が頻発するわが国のIT業界ですが、意外に国内思考が強く、国際化後進産業のひとつです。
それでも、経済界の中国バブルとコスト削減圧力に押され、渋々中国へのアウトソースを始めています。
民族的親近感、強大なIT企業が存在していず、優越感を保てる、日本語を使えるブリッジSEが増えてきたことなどが理由ですが、インドの場合はこの対極にあります。
それでも時代はインドへと向かわざるを得ないでしょう。わが国の場合は、ジオポリティックス上からもインドとの関係強化の必要があるでしょう。
更に興味のある方は、 ↓
http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/sep2005/tc2005092_5336_tc119.htm
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インターネットは郵便を消滅させるか？
カタツムリ郵便の将来性（ニューヨーク・タイムス紙）
Why the Internet Isn't the Death of the Post Office
インターネット時代に「カタツムリ郵便」とバカにされる郵便業務ですが、ネット・ビジネスは逆に郵便を増やしたりしています。伝統的な通信手段の未来は、考えられるほど単純でも、暗くもないようです。
（前略）・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Every day, some two million Netflix（DVDの郵送レンタル業者） envelopes come and go as first-class mail. They are joined by millions of other shipments from online pharmacies, eBay
vendors, Amazon.com
and other businesses that did not exist before the Internet.
The eclipse of "snail mail" in the age of instant electronic communication has been predicted at least as often as the coming of the paperless office. But the consumption of paper keeps rising. (It has roughly doubled since 1980, with less use of newsprint and much more of ordinary office paper.) And so, with some nuances and internal changes, does the flow of material carried by mail. On average, an American household receives twice as many pieces of mail a day as it did in the 1970's.
"Is the Internet hurting the mails, or helping?" asks Michael J. Critelli, a co-chairman of the public-private Mail Industry Task Force. "It's doing both." Mr. Critelli's day job is chief executive of Pitney Bowes
- yes, that Pitney Bowes, once known for its postage meters and now a "mail and document management" company. In the last few years, it has also functioned as a research group for the mail industry, commissioning a series of studies, available free at PostInsight.PB.com
, that contain startling findings about the economic, technological and cultural forces that affect use of mail.
独断的コメント：
高速でビジネス・モデルを変化させるネット・ビジネスですが、それが郵便需要を拡大させたり、縮小させたりするようです。
（ペーパレスといわれながら、オフィス用紙も実際には倍増しているということです）。
郵便事業もそれに対応し、顧客需要を満たすような技術革新が求められています。
わが国は現在「郵政」一本やりの首相によって、国を上げての政治の季節に入っていますが、いずれの党派も利害関係に縛られ、ビジネス・モデルとしての「郵政３事業」を語ることが出来ません（語るつもりもないのでしょうが）。
郵政公社がどうなろうと、イノベーションを実現できるところが勝者になる他ありません。
ネット時代のC-to-Cビジネスに興味ある方には ↓ は必読の記事です！
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/04/technology/04techno.html?pagewanted=print
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"hypercanes"！！
地球温暖化とウォーターフロントへの人口移動が損害を拡大する！（フォーチュン誌）
KATRINA'S AFTERMATH
The High Cost Of Climate Change
To some researchers, Katrina looks like a harbinger of much more catastrophic weather to come.
地球温暖化を言い立てるのは、欧州の米国への陰謀という説も流布していますが、米英の専門家は地球温暖化が"hypercanes"（超大型ハリケーン、だそうです）を増加させ、ウォーターフロントへの人口移動が被害を拡大させると警告しています。
To
In fact, less than a month before Katrina hit the Gulf Coast, Massachusetts Institute of Technology researcher Kerry Emanuel published a portentous paper in the journal Nature that illustrated how hurricanes' destructive potential has risen dramatically over the past few decades, in tandem with global warming. And a few weeks before Emanuel's paper, the Association of British Insurers issued an equally ominous report on the growing financial risks posed by extreme weather events due to global warming. It predicted that the
（後略）・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
独断的コメント：
ニューヨークのWTCテロの被害が７兆円程度だったのに対し、"hypercanes"（わが国では”hyperphoon”とでも呼ぶべきでしょうか？）による被害は、１７兆円程度になると見積もられています。
海面温度の上昇は台風のエネルギーを増大させるそうで、その結果近年台風が大型化している理由と見られています。加えて、沿岸部への人口移動が被害を甚大なものにしつつあるそうです。
これに対し、政府はもちろん企業の対応もいまだ不十分です。真のリスクが高いのに、多くの当事者がリスクは低いと思っている状況では、金融機関としてリスク管理商品開発の余地は十分ありそうです。
この分野に興味ある人には、必読の記事！
更に興味のある方は、↓ をお読みください。
http://www.fortune.com/fortune/print/0,15935,1101173,00.html
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収益はリスクを正当化する！
会計事務所の強欲と退廃（ニューヨーク・タイムス紙）
When Auditors Go Astray, What Director Dares Say So?
By FLOYD NORRIS
KPMGの脱税スキャンダルは既報のとおりですが、今後は会計事務所のあり方を巡って議論がなされていくことになるようです。この記事は収益が大きければ、どんなリスクもとるのだという風土のパートナー組織が強欲と退廃をもたらしたので、SECあたりが独立取締役を配備するよう法改正すべきというのですが・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・（前略）KPMG's lawyers were part of the team. The government says KPMG's office of general counsel warned that the failure to register the shelters would risk criminal prosecution, but it added that the tax division leadership could "make a business decision" not to register. The argument was that the high fees justified the risk.
The fees were high, but they were paltry compared to what was at stake. The government says KPMG took in $128 million in fees for shelters that let clients evade $2.5 billion in taxes by claiming false losses of $11 billion.
In a normal company, the board would have come to life, or at least its independent members would have become worried, sometime before the Senate hearing.
But accounting firms are not publicly held and there are no independent directors. All directors are partners, elected by their fellow partners. As we saw at Arthur Andersen, that can lead to an ethos of not messing with another partner's turf. At KPMG, officials decided certain actions were not legal, but then said each partner could make his or her own decisions about what to do.
That structure needs to be changed, even if it means overriding or changing state laws. Accounting firms need independent directors, just as their clients do. Christopher Cox, the new chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission, ought to explore such a reform.
独断的コメント：
企業統治のゲートキーパーとして最右翼にいるはずの会計事務所が、相次いで不祥事を起こすのは別にパートナーシップ制だからではありません。
パートナーシップ制は有限責任の会社と異なり、個人財産を失いかねないという恐怖感から強欲への自制が働くことを想定しています。
にもかかわらず、機能しなかったのは、組織風土に問題があったからです。付け加えれば、米国経営者の強欲を許す様々な悪習がすれを助長しているからです。
それを機能しているともいいがたい独立取締役制度の導入で解決を図れるというのは、楽観に過ぎないものでしょう。
更に興味のある方は、 ↓
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/06/business/06place.html?pagewanted=print
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取締役会は機能しない
外部からの反対でボーナスを削る企業（ファイナンシャル・タイムス紙）
Misys has second thoughts on executive bonuses
退任するCEOが他の人物を後継者に選べば、辞めてしまうかもしれない役員に高額のボーナスを支払おうとしていたイギリスのIT企業、Misysは外部の反対でボーナスの減額を決めました。
Misys
, the software and services group, has watered down（水で薄める、弱める） proposals to offer generous “retention” bonuses to two top executives less than two weeks before a shareholder vote on the controversial plan.
Its proposed concessions follow “red-top” guidance from the Association of British Insurers, signifying its highest level of concern about the plan to award two executives a bonus worth £1.2m each to encourage them to stay with the company if they fail to become chief executive. The National Association of Pension Funds had also urged opposition to the plan.
The retention scheme is aimed at addressing fears that two directors - Tom Skelton, head of healthcare, and Ivan Martin, head of banking - might quit if they are passed over when Kevin Lomax, founder and executive chairman, steps aside to become non-executive chairman by 2008.
As revealed by the Financial Times, Misys had proposed giving each one shares worth £600,000 in four years' time if they “successfully execute business strategy” and the same amount after three years if each hits targets based on increasing divisional operating profits.
According to people familiar with the situation, the concessions include introducing tougher performance targets over the four-year period and a one-year lock-in for shares awarded after three years.（後略）・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
独断的コメント：
「会社は株主のもの」という米国型会社理論と経営者と株主の利害を一致させるというご都合主義のエージェンシー理論を利用して、経営者はストック・オプションなどを多用し、ますます強欲になっています。
企業経営がグローバル化しているため、欧米の経営者も強欲化しつつありますが、それでも外部の牽制勢力はまだまだ強いようです。
ここでは、取締役会は登場しませんが、特別ボーナスに承諾を与えたことは明白ですので、経営者を監督するという機能が果たせていないことは明らかでしょう。
更に興味のある方は、 ↓
http://news.ft.com/cms/s/c9dbf522-1beb-11da-9342-00000e2511c8.html
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二兎を追うマスターカード
マスターカードは第２のアサヒビールになれるか？
（ニューヨーク・タイムス紙）
MasterCard Pursuing Plan to Offer Shares to Public
マスターカードは株式公開によって得る資金で投資を活発化し、ビザカードに追いつこうとしていますが、その裏にはもうひとつの意図もあるようです・・・・・・
MasterCard Inc., the world's second-largest credit card brand, announced plans yesterday to pursue an initial public offering that could value the company at more than $10 billion.
By going public, MasterCard can raise capital to lead a stronger charge against Visa International, its larger rival. But the move could also be an effort to try to insulate the banks that issue its debit and credit cards as lawsuits against MasterCard mount, analysts said.
MasterCard and Visa are payment associations controlled by thousands of members ranging from small credit unions to global banks. They are marketing machines and policy makers that set the fees and rules that merchants must follow, but they do not directly issue cards to consumers; that task is left to their member banks.
MasterCard said it planned to sell 49 percent of the company to the public, which will hold 83 percent of the voting rights in the company. The 1,400 financial institutions that are members of the card association will retain a 41 percent stake in the public company. They will also receive an undisclosed portion of the proceeds raised in the public offering. The remaining 10 percent stake in MasterCard will be controlled by a newly formed charitable foundation.
（後略）・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
独断的コメント：
かつてはダントツの業者であったマスターカードは、ビザの追い上げで、いまやシェア２７％とビザの６０％に大きく水をあけられてしまいました。
ちょうど一昔前のアサヒビールと麒麟麦酒の関係に良く似ています。
アサヒはスーパードライで奇跡の復活を遂げ、業界No.1に復帰しましたが、マスターカードにそのような秘策があるとも思えず、危険な賭けになりそうです。
加えて、株式公開のもうひとつの意図が諸々の訴訟から会社とメンバー銀行を守るという目的にあることからしても、二兎を追って両方失う可能性が低くありません。
更に興味のある方は、 ↓
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/01/business/01cards.html?th=&emc=th&pagewanted=print
Fair use notice
This Blog News contains copyrighted material the use of which
has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright
owner.
The material is being made available for purposes of education
and discussion in order to better understand the complex
nature of businesses in today's world.
We believe this constitutes a "fair use" of any such copyrighted
material as provided for in relevant national laws.
The material is distributed without profit to those who have
expressed an interest in receiving the included information for
research and educational purposes.
If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes
of your own that go beyond "fair use", you must obtain permission
from the copyright owner.
We cannot guarantee that the information contained in this Blog
News is complete and correct or be liable for any loss incurred
as a result of its use.
Nor can we be responsible for any subsequent use of the material.