① 要件定義:何を作るかを決める
② システム設計:データの保存方法、外部サービスとの連携、セキュリティなどの設計図を作る
③ 実装:Python、Java、Go、TypeScriptなどでコードを書く
④ テスト:「カード残高が足りない時は?」など、異常なケースも含めて不具合を見つける
⑤ リリース・運用保守:公開後も監視、速度改善、新しいOSへの対応を続ける
Disclaimer: Please note that Norikazu Yamaguchi makes every effort to offer accurate, common-sense, ethical Human Resources management, employer, workplace, and Insurance information on this email, blog, and movie. However, Norikazu Yamaguchi is not an attorney, and the content on this email, blog, and movie is not to be construed as legal advice. When in doubt, always seek legal counsel. The information provided is for guidance only, never as legal advice. We will not be responsible for any damages caused by using this information.
Disclaimer: Please note that Norikazu Yamaguchi makes every effort to offer accurate, common-sense, ethical Human Resources management, employer, workplace, and Insurance information on this email, but Norikazu Yamaguchi is not an attorney, and the content on this email is not to be construed as legal advice. When in doubt, always seek legal counsel. The information in the email is provided for guidance only, never as legal advice. We will not be responsible for any damages caused by using this information.
Title VIIの条文自体は、1964年の制定以来一度も変わっていません。人種、肌の色、宗教、性別、出身国(national origin)を理由とする差別を禁止するという文言は、当初からマイノリティだけでなく、あらゆる個人を対象にしています。しかし実務上・判例上は長年、マジョリティ側(例えば白人や男性)が差別を訴える、いわゆる「reverse discrimination(逆差別)」の主張には、通常より重い立証責任――「その雇用主が異例なほどマジョリティを差別する体質を持っていることを示す背景事情(background circumstances)」を追加で示す必要がある、という判例上のハードルが多くの巡回区で課されてきました。同じ条文でありながら、実際には「保護に値するグループ」と「そうでないグループ」を区別する運用がなされてきたわけです。
Disclaimer: Please note that Norikazu Yamaguchi makes every effort to offer accurate, common-sense, ethical Human Resources management, employer, workplace, and Insurance information on this email, but Norikazu Yamaguchi is not an attorney, and the content on this email is not to be construed as legal advice. When in doubt, always seek legal counsel. The information in the email is provided for guidance only, never as legal advice. We will not be responsible for any damages caused by using this information.
Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). A Meta-Analytic Review of Experiments Examining the Effects of Extrinsic Rewards on Intrinsic Motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627-668. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10589297/
AB 1940: Menopause-Related Protections / 更年期関連の保護 — FEHA上の性差別保護を拡大し、更年期前・更年期・更年期後の医学的状態を保護対象に追加。雇用主に方針・研修・配慮対応の見直しを求める可能性があります。
AB 1803: Anti-Hate Speech Training / ヘイトスピーチ防止研修 — FEHA研修義務のある雇用主に適用。既存のセクハラ防止研修にヘイトスピーチ防止内容の追加を義務化。研修の焦点をハラスメント防止からヘイトスピーチの認識・防止へ拡大します。
SB 951: Expansion of Cal/WARN Notice for AI-Driven Mass Layoffs / AI起因の大量解雇に対するCal/WARN通知の拡大 — SB 947の関連法案で、自動化やAI導入による解雇を対象。強化されたWARN通知要件と、EDDへの「技術による雇用混乱通知」の提出を新設。自動化を大規模導入する前の労働力への影響評価の必要性を強調します。
SB 947: The No Robo Bosses Act Returns / ノー・ロボ・ボス法の再提出 — Newsom知事が昨年拒否した法案を、自動意思決定の核心概念を維持しつつ修正。特定の雇用判断において自動意思決定システムを唯一の根拠とすることを制限。解雇や懲戒など重大な判断に焦点を当てます。
AB 1883: Regulation of Workplace Surveillance Tools and Worker Data / 職場監視ツールと労働者データの規制 — 特定の監視ツール使用を禁止し、神経データの収集や感情状態の認識を行うAIを制限。違反1件につき従業員1人あたり最大500ドルの罰則と私的訴権を新設。雇用主に監視技術・データ慣行・ベンダーの監査を求める可能性があります。
Disclaimer: Please note that Norikazu Yamaguchi makes every effort to offer accurate, common-sense, ethical Human Resources management, employer, workplace, and Insurance information on this email, but Norikazu Yamaguchi is not an attorney, and the content on this email is not to be construed as legal advice. When in doubt, always seek legal counsel. The information in the email is provided for guidance only, never as legal advice. We will not be responsible for any damages caused by using this information.
Disclaimer: Please note that Norikazu Yamaguchi makes every effort to offer accurate, common-sense, ethical Human Resources management, employer, workplace, and Insurance information on this email, blog, and movie. However, Norikazu Yamaguchi is not an attorney, and the content on this email, blog, and movie is not to be construed as legal advice. When in doubt, always seek legal counsel. The information provided is for guidance only, never as legal advice. We will not be responsible for any damages caused by using this information.
Disclaimer: Please note that Norikazu Yamaguchi makes every effort to offer accurate, common-sense, ethical Human Resources management, employer, workplace, and Insurance information on this email, blog, and movie. However, Norikazu Yamaguchi is not an attorney, and the content on this email, blog, and movie is not to be construed as legal advice. When in doubt, always seek legal counsel. The information provided is for guidance only, never as legal advice. We will not be responsible for any damages caused by using this information.