海外の教科書から７

４年生(Eネイティブ)理科

Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 4-A

Chapter 5. Structures for animal shelters p.98

- - - - - - 

この教科書では、

社会人としての技術系業務でエッセンスとなる内容と英語表現が普通にさらりと出てきます。

大いに参考にしていただきたいです。

The Technology Process 

When we design and make products and structures we use a special way to do this. It is called the Technology Process. The Technology Process helps you to design and make products. We use the Technology Process to investigate a specific problem. 

We then use this information to design and make something to help us solve this problem. While we work on the design and make the product, we constantly evaluate it to see if it is working and if it does what we meant for it to do. We also talk to our friends or the other people working with us to tell what we plan to do and to explain how we want to design or make the product. 

Many people use the technology process every day. If you want to design and make something to solve a problem, you can also use it! 

The Technology Process has 5 steps: 

1. Investigate 

2. Design 

3. Make 

4. Evaluate 

5. Communicate 

Whenever we do a Technology project in Natural Sciences and Technology, we will be following these steps!

"design"は日本語では「設計(する)」

(下のimageはこの教科書からの引用ではありません)

海外の教科書から６

４年生(Eネイティブ)理科

Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 4-A

Chapter 5. Structures for animal shelters p.97

構造関係についての重要単語がさりげなくぎっしり詰まっていて驚きます。

and/orも使われていて驚愕

Shell and frame structures

Shell structures mainly contain and/or protect the contents. A bird's egg protects the little chick growing inside it. A car gives some protection to its passengers. A pot holds the food inside it. 

A frame structure gives support. There is a frame structure inside your body! Your skeleton supports your body! Your knees and elbows are places where the bones join. 

A frame structure must carry a load in the right places without it collapsing or falling over. 

Frames are made of members and joins. The members are the long parts and the joins are where the long parts come together. Sometimes longer tubes can be joined to make triangles. The tubes are called the members. Where the tubes come together that is called the join.

"member"が日本語の何に相当するかご存じですか

(下のskeltonはこの教科書からの引用ではありません)

海外の教科書から５

４年生(Eネイティブ)理科

Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 4-A

Chapter 4. Habitats of animals and plants p.80 

"habitat"は、日本でも小学校の英語の時間に習うようですね。

4.3 Why do animals need a habitat? 

Animals and plants need food, water and shelter in their habitat. Animals also need a safe place to have their young (babies) and to hide from predators and escape from other danger. Let's look at some more of the reasons why animals need a habitat.

Camouflage in a habitat

Some animals rely on their habitat to escape danger or to hide from the food they are trying to catch! To help them do this they, blend in with their surroundings. This is called camouflage.

Animals use camouflage for two reasons:

1. Animals use it to hide from predators. In other words, their camouflage helps them to hide from other animals that eat them. 

2. Animals use it to hide from their prey. In other words, when they are hunting it helps them to sneak up on other animals without being seen. 

Animals are camouflaged in different ways.

A chameleon can change its skin colour to blend in with its surroundings.

「カムフラージュ」は動詞もあり(上記下線部)、 しかも他動詞です！

海外の教科書から４

４年生(Eネイティブ)理科

Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 4-A

Chapter 3. What plants need to grow p.61 

英語"condition"　は「条件」です。

日本語では「状態」のように使われることも多いですね。

「状態」は英語では "state"です。

どちらも数えられる名詞！

Conditions for growth

What do plants need to grow?

Sunlight

• Plants need sunlight to grow and live.
• Green plants use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide gas to make food.
• The plant can use some of this food to grow and develop.
• It stores the rest of the food, which animals can eat.
• When animals and humans eat plants they get energy from the plant.

Air

Just like animals and people, plants also need air to live and grow. Plants use carbon dioxide to make food so that they can grow.

Water

Plants need water to grow and to make food. Some plants need more water than others. The amount of water a plant needs depends on the type of plant. If the plant does not get the amount of water it needs it will die. Some plants are able to grow in very dry areas, such as cacti in the desert. These plants have adapted (changed) over many, many years to be able to survive in these conditions.

The roots of the plant absorb water from the soil. This water carries nutrients from the soil to all the parts of the plant. In the picture, the raindrops are collecting on the leaves. They will then fall down to the ground and soak into the soil. The roots will then absorb the water for the plant.

日本の中学で学習する文法内容が網羅されている👀素晴らしい

海外の教科書から３

４年生(Eネイティブ)理科

Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 4-A

Chapter 2. Structure of plants and animals p.45 

尻尾の機能をみてみよう！として下記の記載があります。

大人が読んでも楽しい。

知識の蓄積や見直しにもなりますね。

人間に尻尾があったら、どのように使うかな？とディスカッションするのもよさそうです。

このテキストは、どの単元も大変に魅力的に作られています。

オススメ！

Tails help an animal to:

•    move and swing in trees - monkeys for example.

•    balance - kangaroos use their tails to balance while they jump for example.

•    kill their prey - crocodiles use their tails to spin them around and around when they need to drown their prey; scorpions often have poison in their tails.

•    pat down the earth - beavers use their powerful tails to pat ground down hard and solid.

•    swim - almost all fish use their tails to let them swim.

•    steer their movement - fish, whales, dolphin, sharks and many others use their tail as a sort of rudder to steer them in a certain direction. Birds' tails are very important rudders too.

•    keep it warm - a little squirrel or fox wraps its tail around it like a blanket to keep warm!

•    chase away flies - a cow or horse can swish their tail to get rid of flies.

•    warn others of possible dangers - some deer flash the white underside of their tails to other deer to warn them of possible danger.

•    communicate - dogs show their emotion in their tails. If they are happy to see you they wag their tails. A burglar is not always met with the same wagging tail!

•    protect - an armadillo has an armoured tail to protect itself. They can roll up into the ball, with their tail protecting them.

•    distract predators - if a lizard is attacked it will drop its tail and get away while the predator goes after the wriggling tail.