Depth analysis of the Nobel Prize in Medicine: Brain GPS exactly what stuff?author is Dr. Liu Fangde is Imperial College London researcher, the main research directions for the brain surgery minimally invasive surgical robot to \u0026 ldquo; Gaussian control \u0026 rdquo; pseudonym written professional articles for domestic and international long-term science and technology media, i have to write dark horse network over the manuscript about the surgical robot. In this paper, we invited him to write feature articles on Nobel Laureate. i dark horse REVIEW: October 6, announced the Nobel Prize in Medicine, a British scientist and winner of two Norwegian scientists, research direction for the brain Positioning System (GPS). Who is a computer, a day everyday thinking, such as myself where, A to B how to go, etc., have been extremely complex brain operations. The three winners of the theory of this process has been full disclosure. 2014 Nobel Prize in Medicine has been announced, with the winner the first time heard the news, I was pleasantly surprised and unexpected. In their study, once UCL neurological research team has worked, and well-known place cell research and grid cell of. UCL score with power in the nerves perceive science is unquestionable, but did not think the final will get Prize in Physiology or Medicine with. Air Jordan 4 Retro Talk about their own views on the understanding of the research with the impact of place cell with grid cell of. The reason that accident, because this award medical research is not a traditional sense. Strictly speaking, it should be perceived science, psychology and behavioral science with a close relationship. Purpose is not to treat the disease, but to understand the mechanism of the brain operation. Perception Study, the position is often at the core of mathematicians with computer scientists. From the computer point of view, we can also be called reverse engineering of the brain, is a direction of artificial intelligence research. The Nobel major issue of human brain space thinking ability to understand and, apart from the Department, in this area there are several very interesting direction, such as vision, motion control, semantic memory, emotion. Neural perceive school was originally seen as a branch of medicine, there will often be regarded as information science, there are some people put this subject as the ultimate philosophy. Since Darwin, we know that man is only an animal, but after nerve perceive science, but we know that the human brain is a computer unit, thinking only signal processing. Air Jordan 11 Perception in neurological research, compared with semantic emotion, spatial thinking in this direction had been less controversial evidence is sufficient and complete theory. In the presentation of the Nobel Prize, said to be the brain of the GPS, this is a very image of the metaphor, but did not fully reveal its complexity. Spatial Orientation biological nature with the positioning of the aircraft is the same, the problem is not simple. Any positioning system must have a sensor and signal processing system, computer system geometry. In aviation, we have GPS and radar signals digitally encoded, geometric calculations using digital computers. The question is how to do it the mouse? Visual auditory sensor mouse can touch, signaling nerve impulses, how to extract spatial information has been a problem in computer science from these visual auditory signals, the more interesting question is, will the mouse geometry and mathematical calculations, if the mouse is not will, then it how spatial location; if rodents that geometry what is Greek invention, or rat invention it in fact there is a more interesting question, whether mathematical logic from these geometrical genius creation? or are we an inherent ability, early it has been hard-coded into the brain? Today, the Nobel Prize for research, finally revealed that these issues. The first breakthrough was made ucl of John O \u0026 rsquo; Keele do. John Nike Free found in the hippocampus of the \u0026 ldquo; location \u0026 rdquo; cells. It is worth noting that the position of the cell is not coordinate, used to mark the location of the cells in the sensory experiences in space at different locations, and the hippocampus is a lasting memory, place cell is actually reveal memories spatially organized manner. We only know that at different locations, we are subject to different audiovisual salty, but also know the different positions corresponding to different visual experience. place cell and no geometric calculation functions. In the experiment, place cell change the shape of the pipe, there is no significant change in the active state. After the place cell, they found orientation cell, grid cell and boundary cel, orientation cell cell identifies the direction of the head, with the place cell function is similar, sensor information is processed differently. boundary cell is generally considered to identify barriers of space, Air Jordan 1 is the last to be discovered, after grid cell is found, the presence of boundary cell almost theoretically determined. grid cell information is very rich, spatial intelligence to answer the core question, so discoverer May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser shared the Nobel Prize. In neurology in, grid cell located visual information with an interface position memory hippocampus. If the memory in the hippocampus, thought of as a hard disk, the eye wants to camera, grid cell is roughly equivalent to memory. The findings indicate that mice grid cell in the process of positioning, the space is divided there is an equilateral triangle. This structure with the shape of a triangle formed by the map is fixed, but in the open space triangle becomes large in a small space Shaanxi smaller triangles. In the middle of a triangle, with the principle of locating a similar barycentric coordinates (three vertices of the triangle to the distance), which with today's GPS principle is the same. Grid Cell in addition to geometric calculation functions, as well as numerical integration functions. In the brain, the mice own motion points drawn on a map. So far, the problem plagued humanity for thousands of years been answered. Euclidean geometry is actually inherent biological ability. Mouse addition Euclidean geometry, but also two-dimensional vector algebra, with numerical calculus, these written in our genes. Nobel Laureate on the job, now we can have through the electrode signal to calculate the position of the mouse, there are researchers by rewriting place cell, modify the mouse memory space with the environment. place cell research with grid cell research in particular, today's artificial intelligence robot system a great inspiration. place cell is actually a space indexed database, and grid cell geometry calculator. On information organization, place cell is a topological space described, and grid cell technique is described in Euclidean space. This organization with our current computer science technology is completely different and has a very strong advantage. As an example, we are now in a computer system, the computer mouse and asked me where the computer would say 30 degrees north latitude, mouse asked where the ice cream, the computer will say 30 degrees 1 minute. Mice, the kind of information it is very difficult to deal with, because there is no radar mice. If you ask where the ice cream place cell, place cell would say go ahead, look at the red light, turn left, then go right and saw a red house is the door into the table. Its information with mouse-aware information is very close to the other point is the location of some changes after the ice cream, is also applicable. When the mouse out, drawing on the development of the grid cell. Mouse ears played a role in the acceleration sensor, grid cell on the right mouse motion score. If, when the mice returned to see the cat, it's in grid cell in the cat identified as barriers themselves detour back. We can see that spatial thinking ability of biological survival is actually crucial. Aircraft positioning system is simple, but it is difficult to combine with the environment. The biology positioning method is based on the environment based on the perception that it has a very good ability to adapt to environmental changes, and better with motion control system combined with seeing and hearing. These characteristics fit the current autonomous driving cars with intelligent robot research and development is the core issue. In general, the aircraft's systems only support simple positioning, and biological positioning system can support more complex decisions. GPS system of brain research in medicine can be used to treat part encephalopathy, but also to provide patients developed encephalopathy implanted chip space. It can be said with the inception of the matrix has in principle can be achieved. But it is more important role in the field of artificial intelligence. Several researchers UCL neurological research Nike Shoes team, called DeepMind the company was founded, the main goal is to design according to the principles of neurology intelligent robots, robot like people think. Recently DeepMind robot can not teach anybody, I will be sitting on the computer to see play computer games, the company was acquired by Google last year. And the EU launched the European plan can be seen as a brain enlarge the Nobel Prize research methods. Computer algorithm research has a back seat, reverse brain works currently at the forefront of intelligent research. Ordinary people may feel the computer science advances only from 1999 yuan quad-core mobile phone into a eight-core 1799 yuan, but more profound changes have taken place. The Nobel once again demonstrated European scholars like to ask basic questions of interdisciplinary characteristics: what is space, what is the time, what is the quality of what is thought, what is life. On these issues, Europe's genius and Nike Air Presto leader for over forty years. After four years, we increasingly feel the power of their ideas. As the creator of the messenger, John O \u0026 acute; Air Jordan 13 Retro Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser deserve applause and respect for all human beings. This article i dark horse All rights reserved Please indicate the source, tort reserved.