意外と少ない自動詞だけの動詞

英語の動詞のほとんどは自動詞と他動詞の両方の意味がある。自動詞のみという動詞は意外と少ない。高校までに習うレベルのものとしては下記のリスト程度しかない。

1. 動作動詞

これらの動詞は動作や行為を示しますが動作の受け手となる直接目的語（名詞句）*を伴いません。

動詞	意味	例文 1	例文 2
Arrive	到着する	The guests arrived late.	The package arrived yesterday.
Die	死ぬ	The patient died peacefully.	His enthusiasm died down quickly.
Emerge	現れる	The sun emerged from the clouds.	New evidence emerged last week.
Exist	存在する	Do ghosts really exist?	Life exists in the deep sea.
Happen	起こる	An accident happened on the highway.	What happened to your old car?
Remain	残る	Only a few people remained in the room.	The question remained unanswered.
Vanish	消える	The magician vanished into thin air.	All our worries simply vanished.
Wander	さまよう	He wandered down the street.	His attention wandered during the lecture.

2. Linking Verbs

これらの動詞は常に自動詞として機能し主語と主語補語を連結します。

動詞	意味	例文 1 (状態)	例文 2 (変化)
Be ($\text{is, are, was}$など)	〜である	She is an excellent singer.	He was very calm.
Become	〜になる	He became a successful businessman.	The weather became much colder.
Seem	〜のように見える	You seem happy today.	The plan seems effective.
Look	〜に見える	The idea looks promising.	She looked pale after the meeting.
Feel	〜に感じる	I feel great this morning.	The cloth feels soft.
Sound	〜に聞こえる	That sounds like a good idea.	His voice sounded strained.
Stay	〜のままでいる	Please stay seated until the end.	They stayed silent throughout the trial.