（第４回）マイクロソフトがグーグルを、検索市場の競争を阻害していると非難

Microsoft Says Google Blocks Competition in Europe Search Market
マイクロソフトがグーグルを、検索市場の競争を阻害していると非難

こんにちは。
今日の話題は、Voice of Americaからインターネット上のサービスの話です。ネッ
トワークの重要性が高まるに連れ、政府による検閲や、著作権の問題など、新た
な問題も生じています。

それでは、単語から
[Words]
legal battle 法廷闘争
official 役人
accuse 訴える
anti-competitive 反競争的な
complaint 苦情
European Commission 欧州委員会
interfer 妨害する
accusation 非難
cyberattack サイバー攻撃
mainland (中国)本土
represent 代理を務める


それでは、放送を聞いてみましょう。

[Sound - Web]
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[Sound - MP3]
http://www.voanews.com/MediaAssets2/learningenglish/dalet/se-econ-microsoft-google-china-01apr11.Mp3

[Transcript]
This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.

Microsoft has fought legal battles with officials in Europe and the
United States over competition in the personal computer market. But now
Microsoft is accusing Google of being anti-competitive. A complaint to
the European Commission accuses Google of unfairly controlling the
Internet search market in Europe.

Google is already talking to the commission about the issue and says it
is happy to explain to anyone how its business works.

Google also faces other issues. Gmail users in China began reporting
problems with Google's e-mail service in late February. The problems
came as news of the revolutions in the Arab world filled the Internet
and there were online calls for protests in China.

Google said the government was interfering with its e-mail service.

(SOUND)

Last week, Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Jiang Yu called the accusations
unacceptable. But Google spokeswoman Jessica Powell said the company
stood by its earlier comments.

JESSICA POWELL: "This is a government blockage, carefully designed to
look like the problem is with Gmail."

Google is the world leader in Internet search. But in China, the biggest
search engine is Baidu. And this week, China's largest Internet media
company, Sina, dropped Google's search engine from its website. Sina
says it is using its own technology.

An estimated four hundred fifty million Chinese are online -- about half
of all Internet users in Asia.

Last year, Google said a cyberattack from China had attempted to get
information from the Gmail accounts of human rights activists. Google
also expressed concerns about censorship. So Google relocated its
Chinese search engine from the mainland to Hong Kong.

The company is also facing new problems at home. A federal judge in New
York has ruled against its plan to put millions of books online.

Google wants to create a digital library of all the world's books. It
reached a one hundred twenty-five million dollar deal in two thousand
eight with groups representing writers and publishers. Google agreed to
create a system to pay copyright holders when their works are used
online.

But Judge Denny Chin rejected the proposed settlement. He said it gives
Google monopoly control of the book search market. But he left open the
possibility for a new plan.

On a similar issue, Baidu says it has removed almost three million
documents from its library. Writers have complained that Baidu did not
have permission for their works to appear on its document-sharing site.

And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario
Ritter and available online at voaspecialenglish.com. I’m Steve Ember.

どうでしたか。
それでは、記事に関しての質問です。
(Q.1) 中国最大の検索サイトはどこですか。
(Q.2) いつ中国のGmailの問題が発生しましたか。
(Q.3) なぜデニー・チン判事は和解案を却下したのですか。

(A.1) バイドゥ（百度）
(A.2) ２月末
(A.3) 和解案が、書籍検索市場においてのグーグルの独占をもたらすと考えたか
らです。


(Q.1) What is the biggest search engine in China?
(Q.2) When did Gmail problems happen in China?
(Q.3) Why did Judge Denny Chin reject the proposed settlement?

(A.1) Baidu.(www.baidu.com)
(A.2) Late February.
(A.3) Because he thought that the proposed settlement gives Google
monopoly control of the book search market.

いかがでしたでしょうか。
普段利用しているインターネットサービスも、いろんな利害がからみ合って、様
々な議論を巻き起こしているようです。

それでは。
また次回。
See you next time.

（第３回）お小遣いで子どもがお金について学ぶきっかけを与える

How an Allowance Helps Children Learn About Money
お小遣いで子どもがお金について学ぶきっかけを与える

こんにちは。ただしです。
今日の話題は、Voice of Americaからお小遣いの話です。皆さんは小さいころ、
お小遣いはもらっていましたか。どのように使っていたでしょうか。特にアメリ
カでは、お小遣いは金銭教育の大切なきっかけになっているようです。

それでは、単語から
[Words]
allowance お小遣い
purpose 目的
differs from family to family 家庭によって異なる
consideration 検討事項
electronics 電気製品
sacrifice 犠牲
savings account 銀行の普通口座
compound interest 複利の利息

それでは、放送を聞いてみましょう。

[Sound - Web]
http://www.voanews.com/templates/mediaDisplay.html?mediaPath=http://www.voanews.com/MediaAssets2/learningenglish/dalet/se-econ-children-and-money-22apr11.Mp3&mediaContentID=120417719

[Sound - MP3]
http://www.voanews.com/MediaAssets2/learningenglish/dalet/se-econ-children-and-money-22apr11.Mp3

[Transcript]
This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.

Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance.
The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when
financial mistakes are not very costly.

The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they
wish differs from family to family. Timing is another consideration.
Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthly allowance.

In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is
expected to pay for with the money.

At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after
they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that
spending must be done within a budget. Parents are usually advised not
to offer more money until the next allowance.

The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between
spending and saving. Older children may be responsible enough to save
money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics.

Many people who have written on the subject of allowances say it is not
a good idea to pay your child for work around the home. These jobs are a
normal part of family life.

Paying children to do extra work around the house, however, can be
useful. It can even provide an understanding of how a business works.

Allowances give children a chance to experience the things they can do
with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving to a good
cause. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save
and maybe even invest it.

Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice:
you have to cut costs and plan for the future.

Requiring children to save part of their allowance can also open the
door to future saving and investing. Many banks offer services to help
children and teenagers learn about personal finance.

A savings account is an excellent way to learn about the power of
compound interest.

Compounding works by paying interest on interest. So, for example, one
dollar invested at two percent interest for two years will earn two
cents in the first year. The second year, the money will earn two
percent of one dollar and two cents, and so on.

That may not seem like a lot. But over time it adds up.

And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario
Ritter. We invite you to share your family stories about getting or
giving an allowance. Write your comments at voaspecialenglish.com --
where you can also read, listen and learn with our programs and English
teaching activities. I'm Steve Ember.

どうでしたか。
それでは、記事に関しての質問です。
(Q.1) 家事の手伝いに対してお小遣いを上げるのはいい方法でしょうか？
(Q.2) 多くの銀行はどのようなサービスを提供していますか。
(Q.3) 日本の銀行は複利を使っていますか。

(A.1) いいえ、多くの専門家は普通の家事に対してお金を払うのは良くないと言っ
ています。
(A.2) 子どもや青少年に対して、お金について学べるサービスを提供しています。
(A.3) はい、日本の銀行も複利を使っています。


(Q.1) Is it good idea to pay your child for work around home?
(Q.2) What kind of services do many banks offer?
(Q.3) Do banks use a compound interest in Japan?

(A.1) No, many experts say it is not a good idea.
(A.2) Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn
about personal finance.
(A.3) Yes, Japanese banks also use a compound interest.

いかがでしたでしょうか。
お小遣いをただ「もらう」「貯める」「使う」だけでなく。適切なルールと助言
を通して、様々な勉強の可能性が広がりますね。

それでは。
また次回。
See you next time.

（第２回）風邪について知ってますか？

What Do You Know About the Common Cold?
風邪について知ってますか？

こんにちは。ただしです。
今日の話題は、Voice of Americaから風邪の話です。今年の冬はみなさん風邪に
かかりませんでしたか。記事の中で、風邪に効果のある食べ物が紹介されていま
す。聞き取れますでしょうか。

それでは、単語から
[Words]
low temperatures 低い温度
congregate 集まる
transmit 伝染させる
sneezing くしゃみ
coughing 咳
resistant 抵抗力のある
virus ウィルス
immunity 抵抗力
vitamin C ビタミンC
anti-inflammatory properties 炎症を抑える効果
mucus 粘液、痰
fluid 水分
secretion 分泌
discomfort 不快感

それでは、放送を聞いてみましょう。

[Sound - Web]
http://www.voanews.com/templates/mediaDisplay.html?mediaPath=http://www.voanews.com/MediaAssets2/learningenglish/2011_04/se-hea-facts-about-colds-20apr11.mp3&mediaContentID=120294154

[Sound - MP3]
http://www.voanews.com/MediaAssets2/learningenglish/2011_04/se-hea-facts-about-colds-20apr11.mp3

[Transcript]
This is the VOA Special English Health Report.

Do you think getting cold can give you a cold? Is it bad to drink milk
when you have a cold? Can chicken soup cure a cold?

Ranit Mishori is a family medicine doctor at Georgetown University
Medical Center in Washington. She says colds are more common in winter,
but not because of low temperatures. The cold weather just means people
stay inside more.

RANIT MISHORI: "People tend to congregate and be together and the way
the common cold virus is transmitted from one person to another is
through handshakes, through sneezing, or coughing on one another."

Adults generally get two to three colds a year. Children are likely to
catch four or five. Dr. Mishori says some people mistakenly believe they
can become resistant to colds.

RANIT MISHORI: "There are about two hundred different viruses that cause
the common cold. People think that once you get infected one time you
develop immunity for the rest of your life. This is wrong."

There is still no cure for the common cold. But Dr. Mishori says there
are ways to feel better sooner.

RANIT MISHORI: "So if you get a cold and on day one and you start taking
about two grams of vitamin C a day, there is evidence that it might
shorten the number of days that you will be suffering with these
symptoms."

She says honey can also help.

RANIT MISHORI: "There is increased evidence that it helps shorten the
duration of the common cold sometimes even by two to three days."

Dr. Mishori says honey seems to be especially effective in children with
colds. But the Agriculture Department says never to feed honey to babies
less than one year old. It says even honey in prepared foods may contain
substances that can make babies very sick.

Some people believe in treating a cold with chicken soup. Does it work?

RANIT MISHORI: "Chicken soup has anti-inflammatory properties, so it
helps reduce the duration of the cold but also it helps clear the mucus."

Mucus is the sticky substance that can make you cough and have trouble
breathing during a cold.

Have you ever heard the old saying "feed a cold, starve a fever"? Dr.
Mishori says this is not necessarily a good guideline to follow. She
says if you have a cold but do not feel hungry, then don't eat.

RANIT MISHORI: "But you have to drink a lot and you can drink water or
you can drink tea -- anything that gets fluids into your body. That's
very important."

But what about drinking milk during a cold? Some people think it only
causes more mucus. Dr. Mishori says yes and no.

RANIT MISHORI: "Dairy products do not cause increased secretions, but
they can thicken the secretions. So it's possible that discomfort is
somewhat more enhanced when you drink milk. But obviously, if you’re a
baby and that's all you drink, you should not stop giving babies milk."

And that's the VOA Special English Health Report. How do you and your
family treat colds? Tell us at voaspecialenglish.com, where you can also
read and listen to all of our reports. I’m Barbara Klein.

どうでしたか。
それでは、記事に関しての質問です。
(Q.1) 一般的に、大人はどのくらい風邪を引きますか。
(Q.2) 何のビタミンが風邪の症状を和らげますか。
(Q.3) チキンスープにはどのような効用がありますか。

(A.1) 年に２、３回
(A.2) ビタミンC
(A.3) 炎症を抑える効果


(Q.1) How many times do general adults get a cold?
(Q.2) What kind of vitamin eases symptoms of a cold?
(Q.3) What property does chicken soup have?

(A.1) Adults generally get two to three colds a year.
(A.2) Vitamin C.
(A.3) Chicken soup has anti-inflammatory properties.

いかがでしたでしょうか。
記事にも出てきたはちみつは、家でもよく風邪を引くとなめたり、お茶にとかし
て飲んでいます。とても効きますよ。（でも、１歳に満たない子どもにはあげな
いでくださいね。）

それでは。
また次回。
See you next time.