・例３：鉛代謝に影響する遺伝・環境相互作
用また、遺伝・環境相互作用は、体が鉛を処理する様式に影響することが突きとめられている。
これらの相互作用には、鉛代謝と骨貯蔵・血液鉛レベルに影響することが知られている、デルタ ALA 酵素（デルタアミノレブリン酸脱水素酵素）をコードしている遺伝子が関与する。
体が鉛を処理する様式にどのように遺伝子が影響するかを理解し始めているが、鉛の神経毒性に関する遺伝子の影響はまだ解明されていない。５２，５３，５４，５５，５６，５７，５８，５９，６０
社会環境の役割
毒物と遺伝は、過去 20 年から 30 年に渡って学習と発達で重要な影響として現れてきた。
しかし、人間の発達で社会環境の重要な役割は、20 世紀のほとんどの間認識されてきている。６１
大量の研究が、社会環境要因と発達の結果との間の関連を証明している。６２
例えば、良い親の精神衛生と社会的支援・教育・相互関係によって特徴づけられる親としての接し方は、改善された発達結果と全て関連している。
大規模な介入研究も、社会的支援と親として接する技術訓練・質の高い食の小児教育がリスクの高い子供で発達閣下を改善することを示している。６３，６４
実際上のこととして、社会環境の重要性は、発達障害の評価と治療介入の両方が社会環境の分野で主に起こっているという事実によって、強調されている。
大部分の学習と発達障害のある子供を取り扱う、心理学者と教育者は社会環境に焦点を当てた行動流儀で一般に訓練を受けている。
反対に、毒物学と遺伝学は、鉛や PKU・甲状腺機能低下と遺伝子欠陥により起こる様々な稀な代謝病を検査する医学スクリーニング計画の重要な例外があるが、臨床的領域にまだ日常的に説明されていない。
そのため、私たちは学習と発達障害で原因要因と治療様式の両方としての重大さを認めることを除いて、この報告でさらに社会環境を考察しないだろう。
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訳 渡部和男