モーゼス・イブン・エズラの詩集

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Introduction of Castelnuovo-Tedesco NO.116

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　THE DIVAN OF MOSES-IBN-EZRA (1055-1135)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A Cycle of Songs for Voice and Guitar, Op. 207

以前にこの歌曲集を取り上げていたが、どうも、やっつけ仕事でやった翻訳がおかしい。修正しても

まだ、納得できるようにはなっていない。どなたか翻訳をしてください。

ユダヤ系スペイン人（セファルディ）を先祖とするテデスコがこのセファルディの詩人モーゼス・イブン・

エズラの詩に出逢い、白鳥の歌として1966年に作曲している。

フィラデルフィアのThe Jewish Publication Society of Americaから1934年に英訳（ヘブライ語付き）が

タイトル名『 Selected Poems of Moses ibn Ezra』として出版された。この本から１９篇を選び、SOPと

Guitar用に作曲をしたものがモーゼス・イブン・エズラの詩集となった。

「過去記事」はここに。

モーゼス・イブン・エズラ（Moses ben Jacob haSallach ibn Ezra。 1055年～ 1138年/1139年頃）

スペインのユダヤ教徒の詩人。有産階級の出身。245編からなる青春時代の詩は、恋愛・友情・

ワイン・自然など様々なテーマを取り上げ、軽妙・奔放な作風の詩。

アルモラビデ軍の侵略によってグラナダを逃れ、カスティーリャ地方に移ったが、以後は極貧の

生活を送ったといわれており、故郷グラナダを思う痛切な詩を書いている。一連の宗教詩の中

には、悔憤を扱った作品もある。（wikiより）

　　　　　　　　英訳の詩を下記に参考として添付します。

-------------------------------------------------------

Part I. Songs of Wandering 　　　　　　　　　　第一部　放浪の歌
1. When the morning of life had passed 　　　　　青年時代が儚い影のように過ぎ去った
2. The dove that nests in the tree-top 　　　　　こずえに巣を作るハト
3. Wrung with anguish 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　苦悶に悩まされ
　
Part II. Songs of Friendship　　　　　　　　　第二部　友好の歌
4. Sorrow shatters my heart 　　　　　　　　　　　　悲しみは、私の心臓を傷つける
5. Fate has blocked the way 　　　　　　　　　　　　運命は、我が行路を遮る
6. O brook 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　お～小川　　　　　　　

Part III. Of Wine, and of the Delights of the Sons of Men

　　　　　　　　第三部　ワインの、そして、人類の子孫（キリスト）の喜びの
7. Drink deep, my friend 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　友よ、酩酊しよう！
8. Dull and sad is the sky 　　　　　　　　　　　　　空は、活気がなく悲しい
9. The garden dons a coat of many hues 　　　　庭は華やかな衣装のように色づきて

Part IV. The World and Its Vicissitudes 　第四部　世界とその波乱

10. Men and children of this world 　　　　　　　　　この世の人間と子孫たち
11. The world is like a woman of folly 　　　　　　　愚かな女のようなこの世の中
12. Only in God I trust 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　私が信じるのは神だけ

Part V. The Transience of This World 第五部　この世の儚さ

13. Where are the graves 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　この墓は、どこにありますか
14. Let man remember all his days 　　　　　　　　　人に神の日々のことを忘れさせないで

15. I have seen upon the earth 　　　　　　　　　　　私は、現世を知った
16. Come now, to the Court of Death 　　　　　　　さあさあ、死の法廷に
17. Peace upon them 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　彼らに平和を
18. I behold ancient graves 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　私は古代の墓に目を見張った

Epilogue　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　エピローグ
19. Wouldst thou look upon me in my grave?　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　息子よ、墓の中に私の何を見出したのだろうか？

　　　　　　＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
　　　　Part I. Songs of Wandering

1. 　When the morning of life had passed
When the morning of life had passed as a shadow,
and the path of my years was shortened,
exile called to me：
"O thou,that dwellest at ease, arise!"
At the sound of his voice mine ears tingled；
I arose, with shaken heart,
To go forth, a wandererー
And my children cried unto God!

But they are the fount of my lifeー
How shall I exist without them,
And the light of mine eyes be not with me?

Fate has led me to a land
Where in my mind is bewildered and my thoughts confusedー
To a people rude of speech and obscure in words;
Before the insolence of their gaze,my face is cast down.
Oh, when will God call unto me "Go free!",
That I may escape from themーif only by the skin of my teeth.

2.The dove that nests in the tree-top..
The dove that nests in the tree-top..
the treetop in the garden of spices
Wwhereof should he lament?
The brooks deny him not their waters,
The palm-bough is a shade unto his head;
His nestlings disport before him,
And he teaches them his song.

Mourn,little dove, mourn for the wanderer,
And I his children, that are far away,
With none to bring them food.
He sees no one that has seen their faces,
None can he asll of their welfare, save wizzards and mutterers.

Grieve for him, little dove, and bemoan his exile.
Display not before him gladness an song.

Oh, lend him thy wings,
That he may fly unto his loved ones
And rejoice in the dust of their land!

3 Wrung with anguish

Wrung with anguish,
My heart complains.
Each chamber mourning
The other's hurt.
Like a bird in flight
My life-span seemsー
My years its wings,
Their feathers,days.
In all my years,
in all their days,
I have reached but a shadow
Of my desire.
My mind is wearied,
My strength decays;
I stumble and fall
in the morass of age.
What now are my sayings?
Or what my thoughts?
What is my wisdom?
Or what mine art?
More swift than shadows
My three-score years,
faster they rushed
Than a racing steed.
From the time of man's birth
Till his time shall come,
Is but from kneading
To rising of dough.

　　　Part 11 Songs of friendship

4 　Sorrow shatters my heart

Sorrow shatters my heart;
And men distressit with blame,
because it follows love.

They censure it for its delight in the beautiful friend.
And because it loves him even as its own soul;
They rebuke him [it] for the abundance of his tears
When it thinks and speaks of him.

They impute to him a blemish,
In that his face, bright as day,
Is framed about with the blackness of night.

Wherefore my heart swears by the life of love,
That it will not listen to his detractors.
But the flame of its affection
It will hide in its innermost chamber, even from the loved one,
That his heart may not be lifted up in pride.

5 　Fate has blocked the way

Fate has blocked the way to the garden of friendship
That my heart may not find rest therin;
He has shut it out with estrangement,
As with bolted doors,
That it may not tend its plants
to bring them to blossom.

Though enemies rage, I will knock upon the doors.
In the face of the envious,will I enter the portals.
Locks will I shatter with the power of speech,
With the songs of my lips I will break bolts in sunder.
And if nettles spring up,
I will persuade my heart that they are sprigs of balsam.
If bitter upon my palate be their must,
I will go dancing and shouting,
As one that is wild with the joy of the spiced wine.

If its dews be drops from the streams of the brimstone,
I will pretend that they are crumbs of ice.
For by the humility of my spirit,
I would fain restore my banished heart
To its place in the heart of the loved one.
Like a gentle shower I will enter therein,
As a stream of oil in its inner recesses.
Then shall I walk through the darkness
Unto the light of my friend,
And he will no longer withhold from me his shining.
I will hope to eat of the fruits of the garden of his loveー
The aftergrowth,if the first fruits be denied me.

Go now, O my song,
Take my message to my belovedー
For truly,song is a faithful messenger.

6.　O brook

O brook, whose hurrying waters go
To the far land that holds my friend,
By thee, my greeting let me send;
And if thy waves seem red as blood,
Tell him my tears have stained thy flood;
The mingled drops of eye and heart,
For exile, and for love, they flowー
Exile and love, that rend the frame
Of them who dwell from friends apart.

O brook, bespeak him tenderly;
Fill thou his heart with thought of me,
So that usurper may not claim
My place therein.
　Make him to know
That for his ransom I would give
What years I yet may have to live—
Or if my life be all too little worth,
That which I hold most precious upon earth.

Translated by Solomon Solis-Cohen
from Heinrich Brody, ed., and Solomon Solis-Cohen, trans.,

　　　Part III. Of Wine, and of the Delights of the Sons of Men

7. Drink Deep, My Friend

Drink deep, my friend, and pass the cup to me,
My heart from crushing sorrows to set free;
And if I die before thy face, do thou
Revive me quickly with thy minstrelsy.
And if I die before thy face, do thou
Revive me quickly with thy minstrelsy.

8 　Dull and sad is the shy
Dull and sad is the shy, as my heart.
From the clouds drop the dews,like my tears.
Speaks the cup without words, and it saith:
"Them that weary, or that faint I restore.
Without hands do I glean all their grief,
without axe I cut down sorrow's boughs.

9　The garden dons a coat of many hues.
The garden dons a coat of many hues.
The mead a broidered carpet hath unrolled.
The woods are brave in checquered mantles,Now
A wondrous scene may every eye behold:

The newborn flowers acclaim the newborn spring,
And forth to meet his coming gaily throng.
High, at their head, on sovereign throne is borne
the roseーthe flowret's queen, queen of my song.

From prisoning leaves she bursts and casts aside
Her captive garb,in royal robes to shine.
I drink to her! Nor heaven forgive the wretchー
if such there be who spares his choicest win.

　　　Part IV The world and its vicissitudes

10　Men are children of this world
Men are children of this world,
yet hath God set eternity in their hearts as a
firm possession from the day that he created them.
The world is like a flowing brook,
they dring of it and are not sated.
They would not be satisfied were the sea emptied therein.
It is as though the water were strong brine.
And the craving of their hearts impelled them to drink thereof.
Like a torrent would it rush into their throats,
but their thirst would remain unquenched forever.

11　The world is like a woman of folly
The world is like a woman of folly,
vain are her pomp and glory;
She speaks sweet words,
but certainly under her tongue is a snare.
0 brother of wisdom,
Frustrate her cunning,
Turn thou her glory into shame.
Hasten, and send her from thee foreverー
her bill of divorcement in her hand.

12 Only in God I trust
Only in I trust God I trust.To him my prayer
Ascends continually.
The secret of my soul I will not bare
For man to see.
What help for mortal lies in mortals' power?
What succor unto one despised
Can issue from the lips of the unprized?

Earth's favor, spurn. 'Tis she, with her own hands,
Brings low the tower,
and she that turns her precious gifts to naught.
Of children twain she hath to bed been brought;
Within her womb,again,
The one is lying;
And on her back the other crawls in painー
　The dead, the dying.

　　Part V The transience of this world

13 Where are the graves
Where are the graves of all the men

that dies on earth from days of old?
One grave is digged above another,

and corse is laid to rest on corse.
In holes in the ground they lie together,
the bits of chalk and the precious stones.

14　Let man remember all his days,
Let man remember all his days,
that he toward death is borne from birth, unloiteringly.
So gently may it be that oft he seems unto himself to be at rest,
and deems his state secure.
But natheless,
every day beholds him further, further on the way.
Like one on shipboard that reclines at ease yet
with the winged winds flies o'er the seas.

15　I have seen upon the earth
I have seen upon the earth spacious mansions,
palaces of ivory with lofty chambers
and pillars upon carved pedestals,
houses richly adorned and filled with things of beauty.
And, as in a twinkling,
I have seen them heads of ruins,
Where in none might dwell.

Tell me,
where are they that builded?
And where are they that in habited?
Where are their souls and where their bodies?
And what hope is there for man,
save to await death,
with the grave ever before his eyes,
for time is a herdsman,
and death like a knife,
and all that live, as sheep.

16 　Come now, to the Court of Death
Come now, to the Court of Death.
Behold them that sleep there in and be thou hushed and humbled.

See, their rooftrees are of stone,
their couches and their coverlids of dust
and this is their rest and
their portion whilst earth endures and their
resting place forever.

17 　Peace upon them
Peace upon them that sojourn in
the holes of the ground upon them that
dwell in deep shadows. These are they
that were reared in purple and that fed
upon dainties. Naught remains to them
now, of all their glories; but upon their
backs are mounds of earth and slabs of
stone. 0 children of the world, be ye terri-
fied at their showing, be admonished and
instructed, be admonished and instructed,
o ye that think!

18　.I BEHOLD ANCIENT GRAVES
I behold graves of ancient time,
of days long past,
Where in a people sleeps the eternal sleep.
There is no enmity among these folk—no envy;
No loving of neighbor and no hating;

And my thought, envisioning them,
cannot discern Master from slave!

　　　Epilogue
My son, wouldst thou look upon me in my grave?
Behold a prisoner in chains,
one that dwells in destruction.
Immured in a pit there is no going out nor coming in.
I am like a prey in the talons of my dust.
The comeliness of my face is changed to corruption.
I am clad with worms, as with a mantle.
Thou canst not recognize my semblance

because of the blackening of my visage,
all my skin is changed in color.

Oh, how have my kin made a stranger of me!
My brothers hold me as an alien,
and like them,
my children renounce me.
Even as I was stubborn and neglectful toward my father.
But a little while have they yet on earth,
and tomorrow their lot will be as mine.
Verily, the first born of death will cut them off,
and their memory will be lost from the world,
even as I am forgotten...

息子よ、墓の中に私の何を見出したのだろうか？
拘禁されている囚人、それとも破滅の住人。
出入ができない穴に監禁されて、

私は屑になって猛鳥の鉤爪（かぎづめ）の餌食の如し、　
顔立ちの良さが堕落した顔つきに変わる。
にょろっとした虫がついたようにみすぼらしい
外套で覆われたように。

あなたは私の顔つきが黒ずみ外観を知ることができない。
私は顔色がすべて悪くなる。

お、親族たちは私を他人扱いするんだろうか！
親しい仲間たちは私をよそ者として、さらに異邦人のように。
子供たちは私との縁を切る。
強情でひねくれて、私がまさに自分の父親に似てくる。
だが、彼らはしばしの間この大地に生きていく。　
明日には彼らの運命は私と同じ境遇になるだろう。
まことに、死が生起し彼らを断ち切るだろう。
そして、この世から私の存在の記憶が彼らから喪失するだろう。
私が忘却の彼方に行くように、、。

　　　－－－　ＣＤ情報　－－－

　フランクフルトのプライベート盤（全曲）
　　　　　（伴奏は10弦ギター）

Marta Schele /Josef Holecek Bis-34

ダリウス・ミヨーの「花のカタログ」が収録され、

選曲が良い。恐らくこのシャケットのＬＰ盤を初めて

聴いたような記憶がある。

17. When The Morning Of Life Had Passed
18. Wrung With Anguish 19. Only In God I Trust
20. Drink Deep, My Friend
21. Dull And Sad Is The Sky
22. The Garden Dons A Coat Of Many Hues