The so-called pharmaceutical intermediates, in fact, for drug synthesis process in a number of chemical raw materials or chemical products. This chemical products, does not require drug production licenses in the ordinary chemical plant can produce some level, can be used for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
China's beta-lactam antibiotics after nearly 50 years of development, has formed a complete production system. Almost all beta-lactam antibiotics (except for the patent period of the species) in China can produce low cost, penicillin production in the world's top export supply the international market; the cephalosporins basic self-sufficient, can buy part of exports.
Intermediates in China, and beta-lactam antibiotics, supporting all be able to produce their own, in addition to semi-synthetic antibiotic nucleus 7-ACA and 7-ADCA need some imported, all of the side chain intermediates can be produced, and a large number of exports.
The main supporting intermediate phenylacetic acid to beta-lactam antibiotics, for example, our existing manufacturers phenylacetate 30, with a total production capacity of about 20,000 tons. But the small scale of most enterprises, the largest annual output of 2000 tons, most other annual output of hundreds of tons. Domestic the phenylacetate total demand in 2003 is about 1.4 million tons, the consumption structure as follows: penicillin G accounted for 85%, other medical (4%), spices (7%), pesticides and other areas accounted for 4%.
With the development of domestic spices, medicine, pesticide and other industries, acid demand will increase further. Expected in 2005, China's pharmaceutical industry will consume about 14,000 tons of phenylacetic acid, the pesticide industry will consume 500 tons, the spice industry consumption of about 2000 tons. Plus other areas of consumption, expected domestic phenylacetate total demand will reach 18,000 tons in 2005.
At present, China has developed and put into mass production quinolones norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, lomefloxacin, fleroxacin magnitude. Including norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, producing the largest amount, 98% of the total output of accounting for the fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug.
The quinolones general condensation with piperazine (or piperazine) derived from fluorine-containing benzene ring synthesis of fluorinated quinoline compounds. Abundant fluorite reserves in China, which is one of the largest countries of the fluorine-containing drugs and intermediates production, there are more than 80% of the fluorine-containing intermediates for export. Overall, the development of fluorobenzene intermediates in China earlier, the current production capacity is generally excess; the benzotrifluoride class intermediate development of late, with fast development in recent years; and heterocyclic aromatic compounds, especially fluorinated pyridine class, our present, only the individual research institutes and manufacturers with the synthesis of fluorinated pyridines intermediates, fluorine-containing pyridine intermediates will become one of the main directions of domestic fluorine-containing intermediates, R & D in the next few years.
China has become the world's largest production of the antipyretic analgesics, aspirin, paracetamol, dipyrone and other varieties yield surpassed tons, non-phenacetin, aminopyrine, security for more than forests and other species of output over 1000 tons. Of antipyretic analgesics output growth is expected that the future will increase rate of about 8%. Antipyretic analgesics supporting the production of intermediates production, and production enterprises. With the growth of antipyretic analgesics, and its intermediates has also received considerable development.
Domestic paracetamol consumption in 2003 a rapid increase in exports also showed a rapid growth, the export volume of 28,163 tons, an increase of annual export volume amounted to about 1 times. The first half of 2004, its export growth slowed, but still an increase, 2004 to May paracetamol exports of 12,501 tons, slightly higher than the same period last year. The aminophenol important intermediates for the synthesis of paracetamol in recent years, rapid growth. At present, China's annual production of aminophenol is about 32,000 tons, is expected to 2005, domestic paracetamol production will reach more than 50,000 tons, the pharmaceutical industry will consume 45,000 tons aminophenol, coupled with the application in other fields, 2005 aminophenol total demand of about 50,000 tons, a larger gap in the market, development and utilization of broad prospects.
Throughout the industry, the production of pharmaceutical intermediates in China has six characteristics: First, the production enterprises to the private sector, operating flexibility, and investment in small, basically a few million to 20 million yuan; manufacturers The geographical distribution is relatively concentrated, mainly located in Taizhou, Zhejiang and Jiangsujintan areas; Third, as the country's increasing emphasis on environmental issues, environmental treatment facilities for production enterprises to build pressure increases; four product updates faster. A product is generally 3 to 5 years after the market, its profit margin dropped significantly, forcing companies must constantly develop new products and continuously improving production process in order to maintain high production and profits; five is due to the production of pharmaceutical intermediates, high-profit chemical products, both the production process is basically the same, so there will be a growing number of small chemical companies joined the ranks of the production of pharmaceutical intermediates, leading to the disorder in an increasingly competitive industry; six, compared with the raw material drug production intermediate low profit margins, pharmaceutical raw materials and the production of pharmaceutical intermediates, and a result, some enterprises have not only the production of intermediates, and also use their own advantage, and began producing bulk drugs.