どうも。
さっそくいきます。
Interview 3
Brett Cline
毎週金曜日は各界で活躍するプロフェッショナルのインタビューを取り上げます。関連語彙を習得しながら英語力を向上させ、さまざまな話題に対応できる教養を身につけていきましょう。
So, let's get started!
Part 3
今月・来月のゲストは、プロセッサ技術企業CCOのブレット・クラインさんです。今回は、半導体業界における AI (人工知能)の影響について伺います。
ではインタビューを聞く前に、聞き取りのポイントを確認しましょう。
Listening point
What issue is likely to arise in many countries with the spread of AI?
AIの普及に伴い、多くの国で問題になりそうなことは何ですか?
ではこの点を意識しながらインタビューを聞いてみてください。
Okay, let's listen to today's interview!
Shibata: AI semiconductors are recently a hot topic. Brett-san, how will AI affect the semiconductor industry? What are the challenges that the industry faces?
Brett Cline: Thank you for this question. You know, artificial intelligence is certainly something that's going to change the game in nearly every market, including the semiconductor industry. Semiconductors and computer processors are absolutely critical for artificial intelligence.
Some everyday examples of artificial intelligence might be the digital assistants that are on your phone. The smart home device that helps you manage your thermostat in your house, or self-driving cars for instance. Each of these has a number of key concepts that's associated with it.
So, these artificially intelligent systems, we need to learn from large datasets to build them, they need to have pattern recognition, and they need to be good at decision making. And each one of these items requires an incredible amount of data processing capabilities. So, that means that there's processing power or computer processing power, which is what we do at a code ship right now.
So there's a number of big challenges that are associated as well. So, these electronics that we build need to perform even faster to handle these large datasets.
And I think in many countries around the world, there will be a huge concern about how much power these computers are using. And so fortunately, the technology that we're building with the computer processor, which is also often called the CPU. It's critical in each of these tasks and what we're trying to do for our customers is to allow them to customize these computer processors to give them a big advantage on their products by improving the data processing performance, but also trying to help them with power reduction.
So the goal is to try to be very, very efficient, but allow these high capabilities in terms of the amount of data that can be processed quickly.
Shibata: Mm-hmm. I see. Could you give us an example of what you mean by power reduction?
Brett Cline: Well, you know, if you put your smartphone in your pocket, you don't want it to be like a heater, or you don't want it to melt. And so, as it's doing incredible things, maybe it's processing your voice or maybe it's doing some camera work, you want to make sure that it does it very efficiently and doesn't use a lot of power in terms of heat, but that also when we all plug our car in at night or we plug our smartphone in, that it's not drawing too much power off of the electrical grid, which can also cause problems.
WORDS AND PHRASES
change the game (市場の)法則・ あり方を変える、ゲームチェンジャーになる
To change the game means to change the way things are done in a big way.
thermostat サーモスタット、温度自動調節器
A thermostat is a device used to control and regulate temperature, especially in buildings with central heating and cooling. These types of thermostats are usually small devices that are attached to a wall where you can view and adjust the temperature of the home.
be associated with ～と関連する
pattern recognition パターン認識能力
In terms of engineering, pattern recognition or PR refers to the processes of detecting patterns or regularities in data and the ability to continue building upon those patterns. It can also classify that information into categories. Pattern recognition has many applications. An example is when you take a picture of someone with a smartphone, and it uses pattern recognition to see if it matches any of the faces it knows.
incredible 信じられない
In this case, incredible means a large amount of something or extraordinary. Brett talked about items that require an incredible amount of data processing capabilities, meaning a huge amount of data processing capabilities at a level that may be difficult to believe or imagine.
CPU 中央処理装置
A CPU is a computer processor. It stands for central processing unit. It’s the hardware that functions as the brain of the computer.
melt 溶ける
If something melts, it changes from a solid into a liquid due to high heat.
draw ～ off of ～ ～ から～を引く
To draw A off of B means to withdraw or to get A from B. Brett mentioned drawing power off of the electrical grid. This means taking power or removing power from the electrical grid.
electrical grid 電力網
Grids in this case are conductors that distribute resources like electricity to consumers. An electrical grid is a network of electricity.
Listening pointの答え
The issue will be about how much power the computers use.
問題は、コンピューターがどれだけの電力を使用するかということです。
ENHANCE YOUR VOCABULARY
今日のインタビューで、ブレッドさんはAIについて熱く語っていました。AIは、よく話題にのぼるテーマですので、語彙を増やしておきましょう。
remain challenging 依然として課題である
AI has made significant progress in analyzing human emotions, but empathy and cultural nuances remain challenging.
AIは、人間の感情分析において、大きな進歩を遂げましたが、共感や文化的なニュアンスの理解には依然として課題があります。
remain challengingは問題が解決されずに残っているという状態です。
remain a challengeということもできます。
いずれも容易には解決できない難しい問題に対して使われます。
personalize user experiences ユーザー体験をパーソナライズする
It's amazing that AI-driven recommendation systems have changed the way we shop online by personalizing user experiences.
AIを活用した推奨システムがユーザー体験をパーソナライズすることで、オンラインショッピングの方法を変えたことは驚きです。
personalizeは個別のニーズ、好みに合わせるという意味です。
このおすすめシステムは、実際に使ってみると便利と言えば便利ですね。
spark debate 議論を巻き起こす
The rise of AI has sparked debates about ethics, particularly regarding privacy.
AIの台頭は倫理、特にプライバシーに関する議論を巻き起こしています。
sparkには「輝く」「きらめく」に加えて、「火花を発する」という意味があります。
火花を散らした議論の光景が目に浮かびますね。
YOUR TURN
次の日本語を英語にしてみましょう。
機械学習アルゴリズムは、コンピューターがデータから学習して予測することを可能にしました。
Machine learning algorithms have enabled computers to learn from data and make predictions.
「機械学習アルゴリズム」はmachine learning algorithms。
「予測する」はmake predictionsと訳すといいですね。
今日の言葉
Artificial intelligence is certainly something that's going to change the game in nearly every market, including the semiconductor industry.
人工知能は、半導体業界を含むほぼすべての市場の形成を確実に一変させるものですね。
これまでのやり方を根底から覆すような地殻変動が起こるだろうという予測をゲームに例えてchange the gameという一言で表しています。