（73）今回ご紹介するのは・・・
（73）This time I would like to introduce...
茨城県ひたちなか市・虎塚古墳（国史跡・装飾古墳）
Hitachinaka City, Ibaraki Prefecture - Torazuka Kofun (National Historic Site, Decorative Kofun)
先日NHK「ミステリアス古墳スペシャル」
でも取り上げられた装飾古墳。
We visited the Torazuka Kofun, a decorative burial mound that was featured in the "Mysterious Kofun Special" broadcasted by NHK the other day.
昨年訪れた時は、装飾石室のレプリカがある
「ひたちなか市埋蔵文化財調査センター」が休館日で入れなかった
。
When I visited last year, I couldn't enter the Hitachinaka City Archaeological Research Center, where the replica of the decorative stone chamber is located, because it was closed.
駐車場近くに道しるべ
スギ林を抜けていく
石碑のある公園
古墳へは、駐車場からすぐのところに道しるべがあり、
森林の中を進んでいくと、ほどなくして
公園として整備された広場があり、公衆トイレもある。
To get to the tomb, there is a signpost right outside the parking lot, and as we walked through the forest, we soon came to a plaza that had been transformed into a park, with public toilets.
古墳をぐるっと一周することができるし、墳丘へものぼれる。
木も程よく伐採されているので、前方・後方とも通しで形状が確認できる。
You can go around the tomb and climb up to the mound.
The trees have been cut down moderately, so we can see the shape of both the front and back of the mound.
前方部を望む
後方部
形状は前方後円墳
墳丘全長56.5m、後円部直径32.5m・高さ7.5ｍ、
前方部幅38.5m、高さ7.2m、周濠をもつ。
The shape of the mound is that of a forward-returning circle.
The total length of the mound is 56.5 m, the diameter of the posterior part is 32.5 m, and the height is 7.5 m. The width of the anterior part is 38.5 m, and the height is 7.2 m. It has a perimeter moat.
前方部と後円部の高さが変わらず、
前方部が発達した古墳時代後期の特徴を持っている
The height of the anterior and posterior sections is the same, which is characteristic of the late Kofun period when the anterior section was developed.
公開用の入口（石室入口ではない）
埋葬施設は後円部南側に両袖式の横穴式石室
The burial facility is a double-sleeved cross-hole stone chamber on the south side of the back circle.
墓道は床面に凝灰岩片を敷き詰めてあり幅約1ｍ
羨道は長さ1.3ｍ、幅1.2ｍで天井石が一枚
玄室は長さ2.8ｍ、幅1.8ｍ、高さ1.4ｍ、奥壁に一枚、東壁に一枚、西壁に2枚、
天井に3枚の凝灰岩の切石、床石は7枚の板石が敷かれている。
The floor of the tomb road is covered with tuff and is about 1m wide.
The envy path is 1.3m long and 1.2m wide with a single ceiling stone.
The main chamber is 2.8m long, 1.8m wide, and 1.4m high, with one piece of tuff on the back wall, one piece on the east wall, two pieces on the west wall, three pieces of tuff on the ceiling, and seven slabs on the floor.
石室は凝灰岩の上に白色粘土を下塗りし、
ベンガラ（酸化鉄）で連続三角文・環状文・円文などの幾何学文や、
槍・太刀・靱（ゆき）・楯などの武器・武具や首飾り・馬具などが描かれている。
The stone chamber is covered with white clay undercoated on tuff, and geometric patterns such as triangles, rings, and circles are painted with bengara (iron oxide), as well as weapons and armor such as spears, swords, yukis, shields, neck ornaments, and harnesses.
成人男子の遺骸1体と副葬品として漆塗小大刀（うるしぬりこたち）、毛抜形鉄製品、槍鉋（やりがんな）、鉄鏃、鉄板など
One adult male corpse and burial accessories such as a lacquered kotachi (a small, lacquered sword), a hairpin-shaped iron object, a javelin plane, an iron arrowhead, and an iron plate.
築造はAC610-640年ごろ（7世紀前半・古墳時代後期）と推定
Estimated to have been built around 610-640 AC (first half of the 7th century, late Kofun period).
なお、装飾壁画は春（4月上旬頃）と秋（11月上旬頃）に一般公開されるとのこと
また、この古墳から10分ほどで十五郎穴（前回ご紹介）にも行ける。
The decorative wall paintings are open to the public in spring (early April) and autumn (early November).
You can also go to Jugoro-ana (previously introduced) in about 10 minutes from this tomb.
引用／現地説明版・ウィキペディア・茨城県教育委員会HP
Citation: Local explanation version, Wikipedia, Ibaraki Prefectural Board of Education website
翻訳／DeepL Pro