(70)今回ご紹介するのは・・・


(70)This time I'd like to introduce...

 

 


福岡県糸島市 平原弥生古墳

(国宝八咫鏡が出土・天照大神の墓か?)


Hirabaru Yayoi Tumulus, Itoshima City, Fukuoka Prefecture (National Treasure Yata mirror unearthed, Tomb of Amaterasu?



「平原歴史公園」は、日本最大の銅鏡「内行花文鏡」が出土した「平原遺跡」を、

歴史公園として整備し、1号墓のみが墳丘墓として復元管理されている。


The Hirabaru Historical Park is a historical park built on the site of the Hirabaru archaeological site, where the largest bronze mirror in Japan, a mirror with a design of flowers on the inside, was unearthed.



1号墓は弥生時代末期の築造で

14m×10.5mの長方形上の平面形で、

幅1.5m~3.0mの周溝で区画し排水溝を持っている。


Tomb No. 1 was built at the end of the Yayoi period and has a rectangular plan of 14m x 10.5m, with a 1.5m to 3.0m wide perimeter ditch and drainage ditches.


伊都国歴史博物館展示より

 


埋葬施設は4.5m×3.5mあり中央に

長さ3.0m×0.9mの割竹形木棺がおさめられていた。


The burial facility is 4.5m x 3.5m, and a 3.0m x 0.9m long split bamboo wooden coffin was placed in the center.



棺の内外から日本最多の銅鏡40面、ガラス勾玉3点・管玉30点以上・連玉886点・丸玉約500点・小玉482点、メノウ管玉12点、ガラス耳璫(じとう2点、水銀朱、鉄製素環頭太刀1本などが出土した


From inside and outside of the coffin, 40 copper mirrors, the largest number in Japan, 3 glass beads, more than 30 tubular beads, 886 jade beads, about 500 round beads, 482 small beads, 12 agate tubular beads, 2 glass ear canes, mercury vermilion, and 1 iron ring-headed sword were excavated.



日本最大の銅鏡は伊勢神宮の

八咫鏡(やたのかがみ)と同形鏡か?


Is the largest bronze mirror in Japan the same shape as the Yata no Kagami mirror from Ise Shrine?


11号鏡・大型内行花文鏡(伊都国歴史博物館展示より)


根拠1,出土した大型内行花文鏡は、

後漢尺で、直径が2尺(46.5㎝)で外周が八咫(やた・145㎝)あること


Rationale 1: The large mirror excavated from the site has a diameter of 2 shaku (46.5 cm) and a circumference of 145 cm, which was the unit of length in the Later Han Dynasty.



根拠2,平安時代に書かれた延喜式や伊勢神宮の神家が著した神道五部書の一つ「御鎮座伝記」(ごちんざでんき)記載の「八咫鏡」の特徴が「八頭花崎八葉形也」(はっとうはなさきはちようけいなり)とあり、このデザインを日本で唯一持っている


Rationale 2: According to the Enki-shiki written in the Heian period (794-1185) and the Goshinza-denki, one of the five books of Shinto written by the Shinto priests of Ise Shrine, the Yatagami mirror is characterized by the eight-headed flower and eight-leafed shape.



被葬者は天照大神(大日孁貴(おおひるめのむち))か?


Is the deceased Amaterasu (Sun Goddess)?



根拠1,八咫鏡や豊富な装身具が出土し、武器類が少ないことから

巫女的な性格をもった女性の墓


Rationale 1, Yatanokagami (eight-legged mirror) and a wide variety of ornaments were excavated, and there were few weapons, suggesting that this is the tomb of a woman with a priestess-like character.



根拠2,鏡・太刀・勾玉の「三種の神器」が副葬されている


Rationale 2: The "Three Sacred Treasures" of mirrors, swords, and jade beads were buried in the tomb.



これらの事実から日本書紀などに見られる

天照大神(神格名・大日孁貴(おおひるめのむち)の墓

なのではないかといわれている。


Based on these facts, it is believed that this is the tomb of the goddess Amaterasu, whose divine name is Oohirume no Muchi.



墓壙周辺の12本の柱穴の遺構について、

殯宮(もがりのみや・葬儀の儀式が行われたところ)関係の

建築物の遺構とも考えられている。


The construction of the 12 pillar holes in the area around the cellar is thought to have been part of the construction of a mogari shrine (a place where funeral rites were held).



国宝「大型内行花文鏡」は

1面が九州国立博物館、

4面が伊都国歴史博物館に展示されている。


One side of the National Treasure "Mirror with Large Naikokamon" is on display at the Kyushu National Museum, and four sides at the Ito National Museum of History.

 

 

引用/現地説明版2枚・ウィキペディア・伊都国歴史博物館

 

 

Citation: Two local explanatory plates, Wikipedia,Itokoku Museum of History