（66）今回ご紹介するのは・・・
(66) This time I would like to introduce...
崇神（すじん）天皇・磯城瑞籬（しきみずがき）宮址と
崇神天皇陵（行燈山古墳・あんどんやまこふん）
Emperor Sujin's Shiki Mizugaki Palace Site and
Emperor Sujin's Tomb (Andon Yamakofun)
桜井市から山の辺の道を進んでいくと大和朝廷の創始者とされる
第10代天皇・崇神天皇の皇居跡と伝わる磯城瑞籬（しきみずがき）宮址がある。
さらに天理市に入ると崇神天皇陵「山辺道勾岡上陵
（やまのべのみちのまがりのおかのうえのみささぎ）」が見えてくる。
地域の名を取って「行燈山（あんどんやま）古墳」とも呼ばれている。
If you continue along the Yamanobe Road from Sakurai City, you will come to the site of the Shiki Mizugaki Palace, which is said to be the site of the imperial residence of Emperor Sujin, the 10th emperor and founder of the Yamato Imperial Court. Further into Tenri City, you will see the mausoleum of Emperor Sujin, the Yamabe no Michi no Magari no Okagami no Misasagi (Tomb of Emperor Sujin). It is also called Andonyama Kofun, after the name of the area.
磯城瑞籬（しきみずがき）宮址
The site of the Shikimizugaki Palace
磯城瑞籬（しきみずがき）宮址は神山である三輪山を背景に負い、
歌垣の伝えで名高い海石榴市（つばいち）を脚下に控えて
大和平野を見渡す高燥の地にある。
With the sacred mountain of Miwa in the background, the site of the Shiromizugaki Palace is located in a high and dry area overlooking the Yamato Plain with Tsubaichi, famous for its poetry fence, at the foot.
東へは泊瀬道、伊勢を経て東国へ
南へは磐余（いわれ）道、飛鳥を通じて紀伊方面へ
北へは山の辺の道、奈良、今日を経て北陸日本海方面へ
西へは大和側の水運を利用して難波、瀬戸内海方面に
つながる交通の要衝
To the east, the Tomarise Road leads to the eastern provinces via Ise.
To the south, the Iware Road leads through Asuka to the Kii area.
To the north, the Yamanobe Road, through Nara and today, to the Hokuriku Sea of Japan.
To the west, to Namba and the Seto Inland Sea via the Yamato side waterway
行燈山（あんどんやま）古墳（崇神天皇陵）
Andonzan burial mound (Emperor Sujin's tomb)
行燈山古墳（崇神天皇陵）は尾根を利用して
北西向きに築かれた巨大な前方後円墳。
The Andonzan burial mound (Emperor Sujin's Mausoleum) is a huge post-anterior-cylindrical burial mound built on a ridge facing northwest, with three double mounds: the Andoyama burial mound 120m, the Nanandoyama burial mound 65m, and the Tenjinyama burial mound 103m.
全長242ｍ、後円部直径158ｍ・高さ31ｍ、前方部幅100ｍ・高さ13.6ｍ
周壕含むと全長360ｍ・最大幅230ｍの巨大古墳
242m in length, 158m in diameter at the back, 31m in height
The anterior part is 100m wide and 13.6m high.
Including the peripheral shelter, the total length is 360m and the maximum width is 230m.
墳丘は後円部・前方部とも３段築成
周壕は三か所の渡り堤によって区切られている
Both the posterior and anterior sections of the mound are built in three stages.
The shelter is separated by three crossings.
宮内庁の調査では周濠から銅板、金銀細工品、土器などが出土。
銅板は縦54cm、横71cmほどの長方形で、
採られた拓本には表面に内行花文鏡に似た文様、
裏面に四区画に分けた文様が陽刻されている。
鏡に関係した銅製品と考えられるが、他に例が無く、用途は不明。
A survey by the Imperial Household Agency unearthed copper plates, gold and silver artifacts, and pottery from the moat.
The copper plate is rectangular, 54cm long and 71cm wide, and the rubbings show a pattern similar to that of a mirror with an inner row of flowers on the surface and a pattern divided into four sections on the reverse side. It is thought to be a copper object related to a mirror, but there are no other examples and its use is unknown.
築造はAC340～360年ごろ（4世紀中葉・古墳時代前期後半）と推定
It is estimated to have been built around 340-360 AC
(mid-4th century, late early Kofun period).
南アンド山古墳
アンド山古墳120ｍ・南アンド山古墳65ｍ・天神山古墳103ｍの
3基を倍塚を従えている。
with three double mounds: the Andoyama burial mound 120m, the Nanandoyama burial mound 65m, and the Tenjinyama burial mound 103m.
そのいずれも前方後円墳で、地方の豪族クラスの
規模を持っていることに権威の絶大さを感じる。
All of them are anterior-return mounds, and the fact that they are on the scale of a local powerful family gives a sense of their immense authority.
第10代崇神天皇とは
About the 10th Emperor Sujin
古墳時代に実在した可能性のある最初の天皇と言われており、
実在ならば治世時期は3世紀後半。在位期間は約68年
He is said to be the first emperor who may have actually existed in the Kofun period, and if he did, he reigned in the late 3rd century. His reign lasted about 68 years.
日本書紀での名は御間城入彦五十瓊殖天皇（みまきいりびこいにえのすめらみこと）
古事記では御眞木入日子印恵命（みまきいりひこいにえのみこと）
His name in the Nihon Shoki is Emperor Mimaki Irikihiko Inieno-Sumeramikoto,
and in the Kojiki, Mimaki Irikihiko InienoMikoto.
記紀によると
According to the Chronicles.
崇神天皇即位5年、民が死に絶えてしまうような疫病が発生。
即位7年、三輪山に大物主大神をお祀りしたところ、祟りが鎮まり疫病がおさまった。
即位10年、東海や北陸、西国、丹波へと四道将軍を派遣し国を平定し服従させた。そして天下は泰平になり、国民は栄えることになった。
そこで初めて天皇は、男の弓矢で得た獲物や、女の手で織った織物などの
調つきの品を貢納させられた。
その御世をたたえて、「初国に知らしし御真木の天皇」と申す。
即位65年、任那が使者として蘇那曷叱知（そなかしち）を遣わしてきた。
即位68年12月5日、崩御（120歳）
翌年8月11日、山辺道上陵（やまのべのみちうえのみささぎ））に葬られた。
In the fifth year of Emperor Sujin's accession to the throne, a plague broke out that killed off his people.
In the 7th year of his reign, he enshrined Omononushi-no-Mikoto on Mount Miwa, and the haunting subsided and the plague subsided.
In the 10th year of his reign, he dispatched the Shogun of the Four Provinces to the Tokai and Hokuriku regions, the western provinces, and Tamba to pacify and subjugate the country. The country was then pacified and the people prospered.
Then, for the first time, the emperor was forced to pay tribute to the people in the form of catches obtained with bows and arrows by men and textiles woven by women.
In praise of his reign, the name of the emperor is "the first emperor to be known in Japan.
In the 65th year of his accession to the throne, Mimana sent an envoy, Sonakashichi, to take charge of the ancient city of Mimana.
On December 5, 68th year of his accession, he died (at the age of 120).
On August 11 of the following year, he was buried in the Yamanobe no Michiue no Misasagi.
引用／現地説明版（H23天理市教育委員会）・桜井市観光情報サイト・天理観光ガイド・ウィキペディア
Citation: Local explanation version (H23 Tenri City Board of Education), Sakurai City Tourism Information Website, Tenri Travel Guide, Wikipedia
翻訳／DeepL Pro