(38)三重県名張市 馬塚古墳 100年以上大型古墳築造が継続（美旗古墳群）
(38) This time I would like to introduce...
三重県を代表する美旗（みはた）古墳群
The Mihata Tumulus Group in Nabari City, Mie Prefecture, representing the Iga region
近鉄大阪線の美旗駅周辺徒歩約10㎞の範囲に
古墳時代の中・後期に築造された前方後円墳や方墳・円墳を見ることができる。
Within a 10-kilometer walking distance around Mihata Station on the Kintetsu Osaka Line, you can see post-anterior and post-anterior circular tombs
築造は殿塚・女良塚・毘沙門塚・馬塚・貴人塚・赤井塚の順だが、
見ることのできた馬塚、女良塚、毘沙門塚をご紹介。
They were built in the order of Tono-zuka, Jorozuka, Bishamon-zuka, Umazuka, Kijin-zuka, and Akai-zuka,
but I will introduce Umazuka,Jorozuka, Bishamon-zuka, and in the order in which I was able to see them.
１，馬塚（うまづか）古墳
1, Umazuka burial mound
美旗駅から歩いてすぐの街道沿いに巨大な美しい姿を見せる！
This beautiful huge mound is located along the street just a short walk from Mihata Station!
前方部高さ１４ｍの三段築成
後円部墳頂（5階建て相当）からは遠く市街が見渡せる
左側が後円部で、右へなだらかな前方部が続く
前方部側から・・低く平らな前方部二段築成と幅１２ｍの空堀（周隍）が見える
前方後円墳で長さ142ｍ、
後円部は3段築成で直径98ｍ・高さ14ｍ、
前方部は2段築成で幅100ｍ・高さ６ｍの平坦な広場
It is a flat square mound with a length of 142m, a three-tiered construction with a diameter of 98m and a height of 14m, and a two-tiered construction with a width of 100m and a height of 6m.
くびれ部に造り出し（三角部）が見える
造り出しと幅12ｍの周隍（浅い空堀）があり各段に葺石や埴輪がめぐっている。
There is a 12-meter wide moat with thatched stones and clay figurines on each level.
築造はAC460～490年（5世紀後半）
It was built in 460-490 AC (late 5th century).
2，女良（じょろう）塚古墳
2, Jorozuka tumulus
畑の中にある！全体像は竹などが生い茂り見えない。
周溝は濁っておりちょっと臭ったのが残念だった。
Located in a field! The whole image is not visible due to the overgrowth of bamboo and other plants. The surrounding ditches were muddy and smelled a little
後円部正面から
後円部周溝
くびれ部の周溝
帆立貝式前方後円墳で全長100ｍ、
後円部は3段築成で直径73ｍ・高さ9ｍ、
前方部は2段築成で幅40ｍ・高さ３ｍの小さくて低い、
鍵孔型の周溝を持ち全面葺石がある
It is a scallop-type post-anterior and post-cylindrical mound with a total length of 100 m. The post-cylindrical part is built in three stages with a diameter of 73 m and a height of 9 m. The anterior part is built in two stages with a width of 40 m and a height of 3 m. It is small and low.
The front section is a two-stage construction, 40 m wide and 3 m high, small and low, with a keyhole-shaped circumferential groove and thatched stones on all sides.
奈良県の乙女山古墳と同じ形
Same shape as the Otomeyama burial mound in Nara Prefecture.
築造はAC410～440年頃（5世紀前半ごろ）
It was built around 410-440 A.C. (around the first half of the 5th century).
出土の家型埴輪は高床式の建物
The excavated house-shaped clay figurine is a building on stilts.
３，毘沙門（びしゃもん）塚古墳
3, Bishamon Mound Tumulus
帆立貝式前方後円墳で全長65ｍ・くびれ部両側に造出しがある
It is a scallop-type posterior frontal tomb with a total length of 65 m. There are openings on both sides of the neck.
後円部直径44ｍ・高さ７ｍ、前方幅20Ｍ、高さ３Ｍ・小さくて低い前方部、周壕あり
The posterior part is 44m in diameter and 7m high, the anterior part is 20m wide and 3m high, and the anterior part is small and low.
Perimeter shelter.
築造AC440～460年ごろ（5世紀中頃）
Constructed around 440-460 AC (mid-5th century)
美旗古墳群は、首長層の墳墓が系譜的に継続して形成され、
墳型もよく残っていることなどから国の史跡に指定されている
The Mihata Tumulus Group has been designated as a national historic site because the tombs of the chiefs have been formed in a continuous and genealogical manner, and the mound forms have been well preserved.
引用／現地説明版・美旗古墳群解説PDF（水口昌也さん）・名張市観光サイト
Reference/ Local Explanatory Version, Mihata Tumulus Group Explanation PDF (Mr. Masaya Mizuguchi), Nabari City Tourism Site
翻訳／DeepL翻訳
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version) ***