The Korean school was closed due to the command of The Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP), but due to violent terrorist activities by the Koreans in Japan("Zainichi" ) and the Communist Party members, it has survived to the present.
After the end of the war, on October 15, 1945, Residents in Japan Korean Federation (later General Association of Korean Residents) will be formed at Hibiya Park.
Kim Chon-hae is the top.
On November 1, 1958, Koreans sent an order to return to the Korean Peninsula from SCAP, but 600,000 Koreans living in Japan will stay in Japan without returning to the Korean peninsula.
Since the crime by the Koreans soon after the end of the war was over, in February 1952, Koreans did not enter the scope of application in the provision that the occupation forces living in Japan do not arrest even if they commit a crime It stipulated.
However, the crime by Koreans did not decrease after that.
Residents in Japan Korean Federation (later General Association of Korean Residents) issued without permission what it says "Nippon Railway free ride preferential ticket". When Koreans showed their free tickets at the ticket gate of the National Railways and passed through them, they were stopped by the station staff, but the Koreans rushed to the station staff for violence and entered the Japanese National Rail freely for free.
Since the station staff could not seize the violent Koreans, he was allowed to ride the Koreans free of charge on a triumphant basis, but on September 30, 1946, SCAP confiscated and forbidden the "Japan Railroad Preferential Ride Certificate" I issued a directive.
However, ignoring that directive, the Koreans continued to ride the national rail free of charge throughout Japan while Japan was occupied.
Moreover, despite the Japanese being riding in a crowded car, the Koreans ridden in a special racetrack of a rattle that only the victorious citizens are allowed to board.
Koreans in Japan acted as if they were victorious countries, as if they were scattered over Japanese people.
SCAP treated Japan as a defeated country and treated Koreans and Taiwanese as third countries, who are neither defeated country nor victory country.
Because the second generation of Koreans in Japan did not speak Korean much, educational institutions conducting ethnic education by Korean called "national language training institute" (later Korean school), form a type of borrowing public schools And made it all over the country.
More than 500 schools were made in the country, 60,000 students were made, the teaching materials used unique teaching materials and carried out ethnic education.
In October 1947, SCAP commanded the Japanese government to "the Koreans in Japan("Zainichi" ) to follow the Basic Education Act of Japan, School Education Law".
On January 24, 1948, SCAP issued orders to the Ministry of Education, and issued the following notice on "handling of Korean founded schools" to national prefectures.
1, Koreans in Japan (Zainichi) also have an obligation to attend public private schools in Japan
2. Private schools must obtain the approval specified in "School Education Law"
3. We do not accept "various schools" at compulsory educational institutions
Elementary school, junior high school, compulsory education school, high school, secondary education school, special support school, university (school education law) Junior colleges and graduate schools) and colleges of higher secondary school are referred to as "First article schools".
The Korean school does not fall under this "First article school" and falls under various schools.
Therefore, Korean school was not accepted as a compulsory educational institution and instructed closure of Korean school and transfer of students to Japanese school.
At First article school, teachers with teacher's license were obliged to teach by teaching, but at the Korean school teachers with teacher's license did not teach.
Also, the Korean school had borrowed public schools in Japan, but did not go out there.
Osaka Prefecture and Hyogo Prefecture ordered the closure of the Korean school based on this order.
In opposition to this closing order, a riot occurred in various places.
(Hanshin Educational Case)
On April 23, 1948, Song of Residents in Japan Korean Federation (later General Association of Korean Residents) was in charge of struggle, 7,000 people such as Koreans in Japan (Zainichi) and Japanese of the Communist Party of Japan in Kansai district committee rushed to the Osaka prefectural government with violence.
I occupied the corridor up to the third floor with violence.
Deputy governor escaped through the underpass which was made during wartime by the guidance of police officers.
US military and armed police arrived. One Korean in Japan died, 20 people were injured. The police officers injured more than 31 people, 179 people were arrested for crime.
Colonel Craig of the Osaka military government on April 26 instructed the cancellation of negotiations and the dissolution of 20,000 Koreans living in Otemae Park.
On the same day, 1,600 Korean protestors in Japan again entered the Osaka Prefectural Government Office, fighting with armed police forces. A Korean in Japan (zainichi) died.
On April 10, 1948, Yukio Kishida Governor Hyogo Prefectural Governor issued a blockade order to the Korean school, and the General Association of Korean Residents requested negotiations with Governor Kishida.
On April 23, the police force and MP blocked Korean school in Nada and in Higashi Kobe.
On April 24, about 100 Korean in Japan (zainichi) and Japanese arrived in Hyogo prefectural government, occupied the prefectural office and acted terribly to destroy furniture etc, then defeated the wall and stagnated in the governor's office Including, Kishida Yukio Governor and MP abducted and captured.
Terrorist acts to disconnect the telephone line, discontinue contact with the outside, and forcibly ask the governor Yukio Kishida etc. to "withdraw school closing order".
Kishida accepted all the demands such as "withdrawing school closing order" because he was conscious of death under violent intimidation.
Hyogo Municipal Government Department issued an "emergency declaration".
I ordered all police officers under the command of the US military MP to thoroughly clean up the raiders to the Hyogo prefectural government. By the 29th, more than 7,000 people were cleared and the emergency declaration was lifted.
This emergency declaration was not made at the time of the Shinjuku riot of the security conflict in 1964, nor was it issued at the time of the Great East Japan Earthquake.
On May 5, 1948, Minister of Education, the Minister of Education, announced a memorandum of understanding that "Korean schools will be approved as private schools in recognition of the education of Koreans within the scope of autonomy of private schools" I exchanged with the chairperson.
Due to such violent terrorist activities by Koreans in Japan (Zainichi), the "Korean school" of various schools, which does not fall under the first article school, is still closed all over Japan without being closed.
Reference book
"The history of Korea seen from Japan" Kumagai Masahide