Hey! Welcome to today’s English vocabulary lesson. Now, before we jump into our lesson for today, I want to let you know the Daily English Vocabulary Book Number One is available. The next 30 lessons that I’ll teach you about vocabulary come directly from this e-book. So, you need to get your copy now in order to follow along with the next 30 lessons. All you have to do is go to www.studywithtiffany.com, then you’ll see Daily English Vocabulary Book Number One. Get your copy, and you’ll be able to follow along with the next 30 lessons. So, once again, go to www.studywithtiffany.com and get your copy of Daily English Vocabulary Book Number One.
"Are you ready? Well, then, I am Teacher Tiffany. Let’s jump right in. All right, so, our vocabulary word for today is 'abate.' Now, before I get into the vocabulary word, I am going to set a timer. These lessons are quick lessons to help you on a daily basis learn English vocabulary. So, I’m hitting the timer — the three-minute timer. Here we go! All right, so, 'abate,' I want you to repeat after me for pronunciation practice. 'Abate.' Good job again. 'Abate.' Excellent! Last time, top lip and bottom lip together, and pull them in. 'Abate.' Excellent! All right, now, the word 'abate' just means to lessen or to subside. Again, to lessen or subside. It means something decreases, and this is something you can use when someone is really angry.
For example, we got a little story time. Here we go.
So, I want you to think about two individuals, Mark and Samantha. Now Mark and Samantha are close friends, but you know, sometimes close friends can get on each other’s nerves, and this day Samantha told Mark, 'Mark, I’m not really feeling good today, so I don’t really want to play around with you.' Mark was very playful, but Mark was not paying attention to what Samantha was saying. So, as they were walking down the hall in their school, Mark decided to push Samantha. Samantha had already told him, 'Mark, please don’t play with me today. I’m not in a good mood.' And when Mark pushed her, Samantha’s blood started to boil. Samantha got extremely angry and she started yelling at Mark. 'Mark, I told you to leave me alone!' And then she stormed off down the hallway and she left Mark. Mark was stunned, he was shocked. Samantha had never yelled at him like that in public. Another one of Mark’s friends walked up to him and said, 'Hey, Mark, Samantha’s really upset.' Mark said, 'I know. What do I do? I want to go and talk to her.' But this friend said, 'Listen, Mark, you need to let Samantha’s anger abate.' Once she has calmed down, once she’s not as angry, then you’ll be able to talk to her. So, Mark decided to let Samantha’s anger abate before he talked to her.
Huh, huh? You understand, right? Good! All right, now let me give you an example sentence so you can know how to use it in real life. Here’s the example sentence. In time his anger will abate and he will forgive you. Make sense? One more time. In time his anger will abate and he will forgive you. Make sense, right? Excellent! All right. So, again, this word 'abate' just means to lessen or to subside. Many times in English, we use it when we’re speaking about someone being angry and wanting them to calm down and not be as angry. All right. Excellent job! Now I want to remind you to get your copy before we move on to the next lesson again for tomorrow. So, get your copy of Daily English Vocabulary Book Number One from www.studywithtiffany.com, and I will see you next time. Have a wonderful day!
文章を読むためのポイント：abate.
abateは、「弱める」「和らげる」「減少させる」という意味を持つ動詞です。abateは、名詞形として「減衰」「軽減」という意味もあります。abateは、発音記号は /əˈbeɪt/ です。
1. 勢い・強度・苦痛などを弱める
The storm finally abated after raging for hours.
（嵐は数時間猛威を振るった後、ようやく弱まった。）
The doctor prescribed pain medication to abate the patient's suffering.
（医師は患者の苦痛を和らげるために鎮痛剤を処方した。）
The government took measures to abate pollution in the city.
（政府は都市の汚染を減らすために対策を講じた。）
2. 洪水・熱・怒りなどがひく
The floodwaters abated slowly, leaving behind a trail of destruction.
（洪水はゆっくりと引き、破壊の跡を残した。）
Her fever finally abated after a few days.
（彼女の熱は数日後ようやく下がった。）
His anger abated after he had a chance to calm down.
（彼は落ち着く時間を持った後、怒りが収まった。）
3. 訴訟を却下する、令状などを無効にする
The judge abated the nuisance lawsuit against the neighbor.
（裁判官は隣人に対する迷惑行為訴訟を却下した。）
The warrant was abated due to a lack of probable cause.
（令状は、令状発付の必要性が認められなかったため無効となった。）
4. 類義語
abateの類義語は、decrease、diminish、lessen、reduce、subside、wane、などがあります。これらの類義語は、すべて「減らす」「弱める」という意味合いを持っていますが、それぞれ微妙なニュアンスの違いがあります。
decrease：一般的に、数量や程度が減ることを指します。
diminish：徐々に減っていく様子を表します。
lessen：程度や強度が弱くなることを指します。
reduce：人為的に減らすことを指します。
subside：激しいものが次第に弱まっていく様子を表します。
wane：月や灯火などが徐々に弱っていく様子を表します。
