【技術開発及び移転】（第 10 条）
1. Parties share a long-term vision on the importance of fully realizing technology development and transfer in order to improve resilience to climate change and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
2. Parties, noting the importance of technology for the implementation of mitigation and adaptation actions under this Agreement and recognizing existing technology deployment and dissemination efforts, shall strengthen cooperative action on technology development and transfer.
3. The Technology Mechanism established under the Convention shall serve this Agreement.
4. A technology framework is hereby established to provide overarching guidance to the work of the Technology Mechanism in promoting and facilitating enhanced action on technology development and transfer in order to support the implementation of this Agreement, in pursuit of the long-term vision referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article.
5. Accelerating, encouraging and enabling innovation is critical for an effective, longterm global response to climate change and promoting economic growth and sustainable development. Such effort shall be, as appropriate, supported, including by the Technology Mechanism and, through financial means, by the Financial Mechanism of the Convention, for collaborative approaches to research and development, and facilitating access to technology, in particular for early stages of the technology cycle, to developing country Parties.
6. Support, including financial support, shall be provided to developing country Parties for the implementation of this Article, including for strengthening cooperative action on technology development and transfer at different stages of the technology cycle, with a view to achieving a balance between support for mitigation and adaptation. The global stocktake referred to in Article 14 shall take into account available information on efforts related to support on technology development and transfer for developing country Parties.
主に以下の内容を規定。
・締約国は、技術開発及び移転を完全に実現することの重要性に関する長期的視点を共有する。
・技術開発と移転に関する強化された行動を促進する、技術メカニズムの業務のための指針を与える技術的枠組みを設ける。
・技術革新を促進することは、気候変動への長期的な世界全体の効果的な対応及び経済成長、持続可能な開発の促進のために不可欠である。
・技術開発及び移転の協調行動の強化等のための支援が開発途上締約国に提供される。
【能力開発等】（第 11 条及び第 12 条）
第十一条
1. Capacity-building under this Agreement should enhance the capacity and ability of developing country Parties, in particular countries with the least capacity, such as the least developed countries, and those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, such as small island developing States, to take effective climate change action, including, inter alia, to implement adaptation and mitigation actions, and should facilitate technology development, dissemination and deployment, access to climate finance, relevant aspects of education, training and public awareness, and the transparent, timely and accurate communication of information.
2. Capacity-building should be country-driven, based on and responsive to national needs, and foster country ownership of Parties, in particular, for developing country Parties, including at the national, subnational and local levels. Capacity-building should be guided by lessons learned, including those from capacity-building activities under the Convention, and should be an effective, iterative process that is participatory, cross-cutting and genderresponsive.
3. All Parties should cooperate to enhance the capacity of developing country Parties to implement this Agreement. Developed country Parties should enhance support for capacitybuilding actions in developing country Parties.
4. All Parties enhancing the capacity of developing country Parties to implement this Agreement, including through regional, bilateral and multilateral approaches, shall regularly communicate on these actions or measures on capacity-building. Developing country Parties should regularly communicate progress made on implementing capacitybuilding plans, policies, actions or measures to implement this Agreement.
5. Capacity-building activities shall be enhanced through appropriate institutional arrangements to support the implementation of this Agreement, including the appropriate institutional arrangements established under the Convention that serve this Agreement. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall, at its first session, consider and adopt a decision on the initial institutional arrangements for capacity-building.
第十二条
Parties shall cooperate in taking measures, as appropriate, to enhance climate change education, training, public awareness, public participation and public access to information, recognizing the importance of these steps with respect to enhancing actions under this Agreement.
主に以下の内容を規定。
・能力開発は、効果的な気候変動のための行動をとるために、開発途上締約国の能力を強化すべき。
・能力開発は、各国の必要性に基づき、またその必要性に対応し、国が主体に行うものであるべき。能力開発は、得られた教訓（条約に基づく能力開発の活動からの教訓を含む。）を指針とすべき。
・締約国は、開発途上締約国の能力の強化に協力すべき。先進締約国は、開発途上締約国の能力開発の取組の支援を拡充すべき。
・開発途上締約国の能力を高める取組を行う締約国は、その取組を定期的に提出する。開発途上締約国は能力開発の取組の進捗を定期的に提出すべき。
・能力開発の活動は適当な制度的措置を通じて高められる。
・締約国は、適当な場合には、気候変動に係る教育、訓練、啓発、公衆の参加及び情報へのアクセスのための措置をとることにつき協力する。
【行動と支援の透明性】（第 13 条）
1. In order to build mutual trust and confidence and to promote effective implementation, an enhanced transparency framework for action and support, with built-in flexibility which takes into account Parties’ different capacities and builds upon collective experience is hereby established.
2. The transparency framework shall provide flexibility in the implementation of the provisions of this Article to those developing country Parties that need it in the light of their capacities. The modalities, procedures and guidelines referred to in paragraph 13 of this Article shall reflect such flexibility.
3. The transparency framework shall build on and enhance the transparency arrangements under the Convention, recognizing the special circumstances of the least developed countries and small island developing States, and be implemented in a facilitative, non-intrusive, non-punitive manner, respectful of national sovereignty, and avoid placing undue burden on Parties.
4. The transparency arrangements under the Convention, including national
communications, biennial reports and biennial update reports, international assessment and review and international consultation and analysis, shall form part of the experience drawn upon for the development of the modalities, procedures and guidelines under paragraph 13 of this Article.
5. The purpose of the framework for transparency of action is to provide a clear
understanding of climate change action in the light of the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2, including clarity and tracking of progress towards achieving Parties’ individual nationally determined contributions under Article 4, and Parties’ adaptation actions under Article 7, including good practices, priorities, needs and gaps, to inform the global stocktake under Article 14.
6. The purpose of the framework for transparency of support is to provide clarity on support provided and received by relevant individual Parties in the context of climate change actions under Articles 4, 7, 9, 10 and 11, and, to the extent possible, to provide a full overview of aggregate financial support provided, to inform the global stocktake under Article 14.
7. Each Party shall regularly provide the following information:
(a) A national inventory report of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases, prepared using good practice methodologies
accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and agreed upon by the
Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement; and
(b) Information necessary to track progress made in implementing and achieving its nationally determined contribution under Article 4.
8. Each Party should also provide information related to climate change impacts and adaptation under Article 7, as appropriate.
9. Developed country Parties shall, and other Parties that provide support should, provide information on financial, technology transfer and capacity-building support provided to developing country Parties under Articles 9, 10 and 11.
10. Developing country Parties should provide information on financial, technology transfer and capacity-building support needed and received under Articles 9, 10 and 11.
11. Information submitted by each Party under paragraphs 7 and 9 of this Article shall undergo a technical expert review, in accordance with decision 1/CP.21. For those developing country Parties that need it in the light of their capacities, the review process shall include assistance in identifying capacity-building needs. In addition, each Party shall participate in a facilitative, multilateral consideration of progress with respect to efforts under Article 9, and its respective implementation and achievement of its nationally determined contribution.
12. The technical expert review under this paragraph shall consist of a consideration of the Party’s support provided, as relevant, and its implementation and achievement of its nationally determined contribution. The review shall also identify areas of improvement for the Party, and include a review of the consistency of the information with the modalities, procedures and guidelines referred to in paragraph 13 of this Article, taking into account the flexibility accorded to the Party under paragraph 2 of this Article. The review shall pay particular attention to the respective national capabilities and circumstances of developing country Parties.
13. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall, at its first session, building on experience from the arrangements related to transparency under the Convention, and elaborating on the provisions in this Article, adopt common modalities, procedures and guidelines, as appropriate, for the transparency of action and support.
14. Support shall be provided to developing countries for the implementation of this Article.
15. Support shall also be provided for the building of transparency-related capacity of developing country Parties on a continuous basis.
主に以下の内容を規定。
・相互の信頼を構築し実効的な実施を促進するため、締約国の異なる能力を考慮し全体の経験に基づく柔軟性が組み込まれた、行動及び支援の強化された透明性の枠組みを設ける。
・能力に照らし柔軟性を必要とする開発途上締約国には、透明性の枠組みの柔軟な運用を認める。
・各締約国は、排出・吸収目録、緩和に関する「貢献」の実施及び達成に向けた前進を捕捉するために必要な情報を定期的に提供する。
・各締約国は、適当な場合には、気候変動の影響及び適応に関する情報を提供すべき。
・先進締約国は、開発途上締約国に提供された資金、技術移転及び能力開発の支援に関する情報を提供する。また、支援を提供する他の締約国は、当該情報を提供すべき。
・開発途上締約国は、必要とされた及び受領した資金、技術移転及び能力開発の支援に関する情報を提供すべき。
・提出された情報は、専門家による検討（レビュー）を受ける。開発途上締約国であってその能力に照らして支援が必要な国においては、専門家による検討には、能力開発の必要性の特定の支援が含まれる。各締約国は、第 9 条（資金）に基づく努力に関する進捗及び「貢献」の実施と達成にについて、促進的かつ多国間の検討に参加する。
・締約国会議は、条約に基づく透明性の措置の経験に基づき、本条の規定をさらに定め、共通の方法、手続及び指針を第一回会合で採択する。
・本条の実施のための支援、透明性に関連する能力開発のための支援が開発途上締約国に提
供される。
【世界全体の実施状況の確認（グローバルストックテイク）】（第 14 条）
1. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall periodically take stock of the implementation of this Agreement to assess the collective progress towards achieving the purpose of this Agreement and its long-term goals (referred to as the “global stocktake”). It shall do so in a comprehensive and facilitative manner, considering mitigation, adaptation and the means of implementation and support, and in the light of equity and the best available science.
2. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall undertake its first global stocktake in 2023 and every five years thereafter unless otherwise decided by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
3. The outcome of the global stocktake shall inform Parties in updating and enhancing, in a nationally determined manner, their actions and support in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Agreement, as well as in enhancing international cooperation for climate action.
主に以下の内容を規定。
・締約国会議において、この協定の目的及び長期目標の達成に向けた全体的な進捗を評価するため、協定の実施を定期的に確認する。これは衡平と最新の科学に照らし、包括的かつ促進的な方法により、緩和、適応、実施手段及び支援について検討する。
・締約国会議は、締約国会議が別段の決定を行う場合を除くほか、最初の世界全体の実施状況の確認を 2023 年に、その後は５年ごとに、これを行う。
・世界全体の実施状況の確認の結果は、締約国が、この協定の関連する規定に従って自国が決定する方法により、行動及び支援を更新し、拡充する際の情報となる。
【実施及び遵守の促進】（第 15 条）
1. A mechanism to facilitate implementation of and promote compliance with the provisions of this Agreement is hereby established.
2. The mechanism referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall consist of a committee that shall be expert-based and facilitative in nature and function in a manner that is transparent, non-adversarial and non-punitive. The committee shall pay particular attention to the respective national capabilities and circumstances of Parties.
3. The committee shall operate under the modalities and procedures adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement at its first session and report annually to the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
主に以下の内容を規定。
・この協定の規定の実施及び遵守促進のためのメカニズムを設ける。このメカニズムは、透明で、対決的でない、懲罰的でない、促進的な機能を有する専門家による委員会により構成される。同委員会は各締約国の能力及び事情に特別の注意を払う。
【締約国会議の機能】（第 16 条）
1. The Conference of the Parties, the supreme body of the Convention, shall serve as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
この締約国会議は条約の最高機関として機能しなければならない。
2. Parties to the Convention that are not Parties to this Agreement may participate as observers in the proceedings of any session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement, decisions under this Agreement shall be taken only by those that are Parties to this Agreement.
非締約国は、この会合の議事にオブザーバーとして参加できる。非締約国がこの会合の議事を有効に機能させるためには、協定に締約する必要がある。
3. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement, any member of the Bureau of the Conference of the Parties representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a Party to this Agreement, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Agreement.
【事務局】（第 17 条）
The secretariat established by Article 8 of the Convention shall serve as the secretariat of this Agreement.
条約第八条によって設立される事務局は、この協定の契約によることとする。
【科学的・技術的助言に関する補助機関】（第 18 条）
The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation established by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention shall serve, respectively, as the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Agreement. The provisions of the Convention relating to the functioning of these two bodies shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Agreement. Sessions of the meetings of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Agreement shall be held in conjunction with the meetings of, respectively, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of the Convention.
【その他の取り決め】（第 19 条）
Subsidiary bodies or other institutional arrangements established by or under the Convention, other than those referred to in this Agreement, shall serve this Agreement upon a decision of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall specify the functions to be exercised by such subsidiary bodies or arrangements.
【署名期間】（第 20 条）
This Agreement shall be open for signature and subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and regional economic integration organizations that are Parties to the Convention. It shall be open for signature at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 22 April 2016 to 21 April 2017. Thereafter, this Agreement shall be open for accession from the day following the date on which it is closed for signature. Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be deposited with the Depositary.
署名は2016年4月22日から23日までの間にニューヨークの国連本部で行う。
【発効】（第 21 条）
1. This Agreement shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date on which at least 55 Parties to the Convention accounting in total for at least an estimated 55 per cent of the total global greenhouse gas emissions have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
2. Solely for the limited purpose of paragraph 1 of this Article, “total global greenhouse gas emissions” means the most up-to-date amount communicated on or before the date of adoption of this Agreement by the Parties to the Convention.
3. For each State or regional economic integration organization that ratifies, accepts or approves this Agreement or accedes thereto after the conditions set out in paragraph 1 of this Article for entry into force have been fulfilled, this Agreement shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit by such State or regional economic integration organization of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
4. For the purposes of paragraph 1 of this Article, any instrument deposited by a regional economic integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by its member States.
主に以下の内容を規定。
・この協定は、世界総排出量の 55％以上の排出量を占める 55 カ国以上の締約国がこの協定を締結した日の後 30 日目の日に効力を生じる。