ラジオ英会話 ハートでつかめ!英語の極意 (239)
3月26日(木)
That’s right, guys. Do your best.
All right. Let’s give it to our all.
--
• give it our all /ɡɪv ɪt ˈaʊər ɔːl/ 全力を尽くす
--
-Because of the writing at the base, it has to be him.
--
So Rosa, how were the dialogues this year?
They were really fun thanks to the interesting stories we got to play a lot of different roles.
What did you think of that statue in the undersea pyramid? Who was that?
You mean the man with the eyeglasses? It’s obviously Onishi-sensei.
Uh, so he was around thousands of years ago.
Well, it is fiction. Because of the writing at the base, it has to be him. It said Big West Teacher or Onishi-sensei.
Is Onishi-sensei a super genius like Zaytox?
I wouldn’t go that far.
--
- We got to play a lot of different roles.
- Because of the writing at the base, it has to be him.
--
• dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ/ 対話・会話
• this year /ðɪs ˈjɪr/ 今年
• thanks to ~ /ˈθæŋks tuː/ ～のおかげで
• interesting stories /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ ˈstɔːriz/ 面白い話・物語
• play different roles /pleɪ ˈdɪfrənt roʊlz/ いろいろな役を演じる
• undersea pyramid /ˌʌndərˈsiː ˈpɪrəmɪd/ 海底ピラミッド
• obviously /ˈɑːbviəsli/ 明らかに・当然
• fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/ フィクション・作り話
• writing at the base /ˈraɪɾɪŋ ət ðə ˈbeɪs/ 土台に書かれた文字（フラップT＋弱形）
• genius /ˈdʒiːniəs/ 天才
• I wouldn’t go that far /aɪ ˈwʊdənt ɡoʊ ðæt ˈfɑr/ そこまでは言えない・そこまで評価しない
--
Because of the writing at the base, it has to be him.
Because of /noun or SV
Thanks to the interesting stories we’ve got to play a lot of different roles.
The meeting was postponed due to technical issues.
That’s because the data was incomplete.
I missed and that’s way I was late.
The reason why sales increased is that we launched a new product.
--
• because of /bɪˈkʌz əv/ ～のために（名詞や名詞句に続く）
• thanks to /ˈθæŋks tuː/ ～のおかげで（名詞や名詞句に続く、肯定的）
• got to /ˈɡɑːtə/ ～することができる／～する機会がある（口語で弱形 /tə/）
• has to /ˈhæstə/ ～に違いない／～しなければならない（文脈により推量・義務）
• due to /ˈduː tuː/ ～が原因で（be + due to + 名詞で使うのが自然）
• that’s because /ðæts bɪˈkʌz/ それは…だからです
• the reason why … is that … /ðə ˈriːzən waɪ … ɪz ðæt …/ …の理由は…です
• play different roles /pleɪ ˈdɪfrənt roʊlz/ いろいろな役を演じる
--
Thanks to you
Due to your support
--
We had another wonderful year thanks to you, the listener. Our success is due to your support. Thank you from the bottom of our hearts.
--
• wonderful year /ˈwʌndərfəl jɪr/ 素晴らしい一年
• thanks to ~ /ˈθæŋks tuː/ ～のおかげで（原因・理由を表す）
• the listener /ðə ˈlɪsənər/ リスナー（ここでは総称として単数形）
• be due to ~ /biː ˈduː tuː/ ～によるものである・～が原因である
• support /səˈpɔːrt/ 支援・応援
• from the bottom of one’s heart(s) /frəm ðə ˈbɑːtəm əv wʌnz hɑːrts/ 心の底から（※複数形 hearts も自然）
All right, everyone. It’s time for one more pronunciation polish. Today, let’s take a look at Rosa’s key sentence:
-Because of the writing at the base, it has to be him.
All right. We have three areas to focus on today. So let’s take a look.
First up, because plus of. -because of -Next, let’s join writing at. -writing ap -writing up the base. -Next up is has plus to. -has to -it has to be -Are you ready for the full sentence. Here we go.
- Because of the writing at the base, it has to be him.
Great work today! You’ve taken many, many steps and made great progress.
--
Be sure to join us again!
ラジオ英会話 ハートでつかめ!英語の極意 (238)
3月25日(水)
That’s right. Do it for yourself first.
--
“Do it for yourself first.” は「まず自分でやってみて」
“Give it a try yourself first.”
--
Because I overslept, I missed the eight o’clock train.
--
• oversleep /ˌoʊvərˈslip/ 寝過ごす、寝坊する
• miss the train /mɪs ðə ˈtreɪn/ 電車に乗り遅れる
• eight o’clock /eɪt əˈklɑk/ 8時ちょうど
--
Jonas, where were you? We got a phone call from London.
London?
Yes, Dorothy Redfield called. She wanted to talk to you.
To me? Oh, no, because I overslept, I missed the eight o’clock train.
That’s too bad. She wanted to thank you.
Oh, what does she want to thank me for?
She was very grateful since you welcomed her warmly.
I didn’t do anything special.
I guess you made a big impression on her.
Really? Wow.
--
- She wanted to talk to you. *want to
- I guess you made a big impression on her. *on
--
• phone call /ˈfoʊn kɔːl/ 電話
• overslept /ˌoʊvərˈslɛpt/ 寝坊する（過去形）
• eight o’clock train /eɪt əˈklɑk treɪn/ 8時の電車
• too bad /tuː bæd/ 残念、かわいそう
• thank someone /θæŋk ˈsʌmwʌn/ ～に感謝する
• grateful /ˈɡreɪtfəl/ 感謝している
• welcome someone warmly /ˈwɛlkəm ˈsʌmwʌn ˈwɔrmli/ 誰かを温かく迎える
• make a big impression on someone /meɪk ə bɪɡ ɪmˈprɛʃən ɑn ˈsʌmwʌn/ 誰かに強い印象を与える
• I didn’t do anything special /aɪ ˈdɪdənt duː ˈɛnɪˌθɪŋ ˈspɛʃəl/ 私は特に何もしていない
--
Because I overslept, I missed the eight o’clock train.
Since we’re short on time, let’s focus on the key points first.
As several issues were found, we decided to postpone the launch.
The system was down and we couldn’t access the data.
We are short on staff, so the project may slow down.
Good work!
--
• overslept /ˌoʊvərˈslɛpt/ 寝坊する（過去形）
• eight o’clock train /eɪt əˈklɑk treɪn/ 8時の電車
• short on time /ʃɔrt ɑn taɪm/ 時間がない
• focus on /ˈfoʊkəs ɑn/ ～に集中する
• key points /kiː pɔɪnts/ 重要なポイント
• several issues /ˈsɛvərəl ˈɪʃuz/ いくつかの問題
• postpone /poʊstˈpoʊn/ 延期する
• launch /lɔntʃ/ 開始、ローンチ（新製品・プロジェクトの立ち上げ）
• system was down /ˈsɪstəm wəz daʊn/ システムが停止していた
• access the data /ˈæksɛs ði ˈdeɪtə/ データにアクセスする
• short on staff /ʃɔrt ɑn stæf/ 人手不足
• may slow down /meɪ sloʊ daʊn/ 遅くなるかもしれない
--
Since
so
make some cuts
―
Since we’re all adults, I won’t sugarcoat this. we’re over budget, so we need to make some cuts. Any ideas?
--
• sugarcoat /ˈʃʊɡərˌkoʊt/（本来は「砂糖でコーティングする」→比喩で）遠回しに言う、やわらげて伝える
• since /sɪns/ ～なので
• we’re all adults /wɪr ɔːl əˈdʌlts/ 私たちは皆大人です
• won’t sugarcoat this /woʊnt ˈʃʊɡərkoʊt ðɪs/ 遠回しに言わない
• over budget /ˌoʊvər ˈbʌdʒɪt/ 予算オーバー
日常的・正式には over budget（2語） が正しい
• make some cuts /meɪk səm kʌts/ （費用・支出を）削減する
• any ideas? /ˈɛni aɪˌdiz/ 何かアイデアはありますか？
--
Hey guys, I won’t sugarcoat this because it’s already sweet. It’s time to practice our pronunciation. Today’s sentence is:
Because I overslept, I missed the eight o’clock train.
Repeat after me and we’ll go through them one by one. First, pronouncing train. Repeat. -tr -train -Great work. Let’s combine eight o’clock. -eight o’clock train. Great work. Now, let’s try overslept. -overslept. -because I -because I overslept -I missed the eight o’clock train -All right. Ready for the full sentence? Let’s go.
Because I overslept, I missed the eight o’clock train
-Great work, everyone. I’m so proud of you.
--
We’ll be waiting! That’s right. We’ll be moving to FM, but the time stays the same.
ラジオ英会話 ハートでつかめ!英語の極意 (237)
3月24日(火)
I think it’s because there’s an ice cream shop next door.
Uh…
--
Before I forget, how did you become so fluent in English?
--
With us today is Japanese submarine pilot, Higashi Kanae. Welcome to the show.
Thank you, Jake.
Before I forget, how did you become so fluent in English?
I studied every day with a radio program.
Sounds like a great program.
Yes, it’s useful for learning practical expressions.
Now, you are one of the first female submarine pilots in Japan.
Yes. My father encouraged me. Until recently, there were very few women on submarines in Japan.
Well, it’s a great achievement.
Thank you.
--
- With us today is Japanese submarine pilot, Higashi Kanae.
- My father encouraged me.
--
encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 励ます、奨励する
encouraged：励まされた（受け身・感情）
encouraging：励ますような／勇気づける（原因・性質）
surprised：驚いた（感情）
surprising：驚くべき（原因）
surprise：驚かせる（動詞）／驚き（名詞）
--
• with us today /wɪð ʌs təˈdeɪ/ 今日のゲストとして
• submarine pilot /ˌsʌbˈmɛriːn ˈpaɪlət/ 潜水艦のパイロット
• fluent in English /ˈfluːənt ɪn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ 英語が流暢な
• every day /ˈɛvri deɪ/ 毎日
• radio program /ˈreɪdioʊ ˈproʊɡræm/ ラジオ番組
• practical expressions /ˈpræktɪkəl ɪkˈsprɛʃənz/ 実用的な表現
• female submarine pilot /ˈfiːmeɪl ˌsʌbˈmɛriːn ˈpaɪlət/ 女性潜水艦パイロット
• encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 励ます
• achievement /əˈʧiːvmənt/ 成果、達成
--
Before I forget, how did you become so fluent in English?
After she got home, she took a shower.
I’ll stay here until you come back.
It’s been ten years since we last met.
Once the meeting starts, please turn off your phone.
Now that you’re here, we can start.
--
• before I forget /bɪˈfɔːr aɪ fərˈɡɛt/ 忘れる前に言うと（前置き表現）
• fluent in English /ˈfluːənt ɪn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ 英語が流暢な
• after /ˈæftər/ ～の後で
• get home /ɡɛt hoʊm/ 家に着く（※homeは副詞）
• take a shower /teɪk ə ˈʃaʊər/ シャワーを浴びる
• until /ənˈtɪl/ ～までずっと
• since /sɪns/ ～して以来
• once /wʌns/ ひとたび～すると／～したら
• turn off /tɜːrn ɔːf/ 電源を切る
• now that /naʊ ðæt/ 今や～なので（理由）
--
Before
Until
Once it started
--
Before you start the car, press the brake pedal. Then turn the key until the engine starts. Once it’s started, you can put the car into gear.
--
• before you start the car /bɪˈfɔːr juː stɑːrt ðə kɑːr/ 車を始動する前に
• press the brake pedal /prɛs ðə breɪk ˈpɛdəl/ ブレーキペダルを踏む
• turn the key /tɜːrn ðə kiː/ キーを回す
• until the engine starts /ənˈtɪl ði ˈɛnʤɪn stɑːrts/ エンジンがかかるまで
• once it’s started* /wʌns ɪts ˈstɑːrtɪd/ いったん（エンジンが）かかったら
• put the car into gear /pʊt ðə kɑːr ˈɪntuː ɡɪər/ 車をギアに入れる
--
Okay, everyone. Before we forget, let’s polish our pronunciation.
Here’s today’s phrase.
Before I forget, how did you become so fluent in English?
All right. We have three areas to focus on today. So, let’s take a look. First up, let’s join before I. Sounds like this. -before I -before I forget, -forget the T sound at the end will disappear. -before I forget. Next up, did plus you sounds like -didyou -did you -how did you -Great work. Next, let’s take three words and make one large chunk fluent in English. -fluent in English - how did you become so fluent in English?
-All right. Let’s do the whole thing.
Before I forget, how did you become so fluent in English?
-All right. Someone may ask you this question someday. How will you answer?
--
1️⃣ before I
- /bɪˈfɔːr aɪ/ → ビフォライ（完全に連結）
2️⃣ forget の T 脱落
- /fərˈɡɛt/ → 会話では フォゲッ（tほぼ消える）
特に子音＋子音で消えやすい
3️⃣ did you → didyou
- /dɪd juː/ → /ˈdɪʤu/（ディジュー）
これは超重要な音変化（y融合）
fluent in English（チャンク）
- /ˈfluːəntɪn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/
👉 flu-en-tin-English が一気につながる
--
Hey, Sensei. Before I forget, don’t you have an announcement for us?
Exactly!
Be sure to check it out, guys! That’s right. We’re moving to FM. It’s the same time!
--
before I forget /bɪˈfɔːr aɪ fərˈɡɛt/ 忘れる前に言うと
• don’t you have ~? /doʊnt juː hæv/ ～あるんじゃないの？（確認・軽い期待）
• an announcement /ən əˈnaʊnsmənt/ お知らせ
• exactly /ɪɡˈzæktli/ その通り
• be sure to ~ /biː ʃʊr tuː/ 必ず～してね
• check it out /ʧɛk ɪt aʊt/ チェックする・見てみる
ラジオ英会話 ハートでつかめ!英語の極意 (236)
3月23日(月)
Let’s get started.
--
As
--
As your tutor, I recommend you keep studying Japanese.
--
Aoi, so, I’m going back to America next month. I heard about that Ethan. Everyone’s going to miss you a lot.
I’ll be back in the future, though. I’m pretty sure about that.
As your tutor, I recommend you keep studying Japanese.
I will, Aoi. It won’t be as fun studying by myself, though.
There are lots of study apps available now. As a young person, you’ll easily find some good ones.
Let’s stay in touch, Aoi?
Of course.
--
- Everyone’s going to miss you a lot. *be going to 流れ
- As your tutor, I recommend you keep studying Japanese.
--
• be going to ~ /bi ˈɡoʊɪŋ tuː/ ～する予定・～しそう（未来の予測・意図）
• miss someone /mɪs ˈsʌmwʌn/ （人がいなくて）寂しく思う
• recommend /ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd/ ～を勧める
• suggest /səˈdʒɛst/ 提案する
• request /rɪˈkwɛst/ 要求する・依頼する
--
recommend / suggest / request
→動名詞（-ing） or that + 主語 + 原形
仮定法現在（mandative subjunctive）」
--
• go back to ~ /ɡoʊ bæk tuː/ ～に戻る
• next month /nɛkst mʌnθ/ 来月
• I heard about that /aɪ hɝːd əˈbaʊt ðæt/ それは聞いたよ
• be going to miss ~ /bi ˈɡoʊɪŋ tuː mɪs/ ～がいなくて寂しくなる
• be back /bi bæk/ 戻ってくる
• in the future /ɪn ðə ˈfjuːʧər/ 将来
• be pretty sure /bi ˈprɪti ʃʊr/ かなり確信している
• as your tutor /æz jʊr ˈtuːtər/ 君のチューターとして
• recommend (that) ~ /ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd/ ～することを勧める
• keep studying ~ /kip ˈstʌdiɪŋ/ ～し続ける
• by myself /baɪ maɪˈsɛlf/ 一人で
• as fun as ~ /æz fʌn æz/ ～と同じくらい楽しい
• lots of ~ /lɑts əv/ たくさんの
• as a young person /æz ə jʌŋ ˈpɝːsən/ 若者として
• stay in touch /steɪ ɪn tʌʧ/ 連絡を取り合う
※
- going to → /ˈɡoʊɪŋ tə/（ゴーイングトゥ→ゴーインナ）
- want to / going to 系 → “gonna” に聞こえる可能性あり
- stay in touch → /steɪn tʌʧ/（「ステインタッチ」）
- heard about → /hɝːdəˈbaʊt/（連結）
--
As your tutor, I recommend you keep studying Japanese.
As -> equal
As your tutor, I… -> I = your tutor
--
As you know, I’m not good with computers.
As I said
As agreed
As planned
As usual
As it is
She is as tall as her brother.
As … as … -> equal
The same as
He talks as if he knew everything.
As if
--
• as your tutor /æz jʊr ˈtuːtər/ チューターとして（役割・立場）
• as you know /æz juː ˈnoʊ/ ご存じの通り（前提共有）
• as ~ as … /æz ~ æz/ ～と同じくらい…（同等比較）
• the same as /ðə seɪm æz/ ～と同じ
• as if ~ /æz ɪf/ まるで～かのように（仮定）
• as usual /æz ˈjuːʒuəl/ いつも通り
• as planned /æz plænd/ 計画通り
• as it is /æz ɪt ɪz/ 現状のままで
as のコアイメージ
「2つを重ねて一致させる」
- As your tutor → 私＝チューター
- As you know → あなたの認識＝私の認識
- as tall as → 高さが一致
- as if → 現実と見え方を“仮に一致”
--
As you know,
As if
--
Okay, everyone. Today is Becky’s birthday. As you know, we have a surprise planned. Act as if you know nothing.
--
• everyone /ˈɛvriˌwʌn/ みなさん（呼びかけの定番）
• as you know /æz juː ˈnoʊ/ ご存じのとおり（前提共有の表現）
• have a surprise planned /hæv ə sərˈpraɪz plænd/ サプライズを用意している（planned が後置修飾）
• act as if ~ /ækt æz ɪf/ ～であるかのように振る舞う
• know nothing /noʊ ˈnʌθɪŋ/ 何も知らない
• birthday /ˈbɝːθˌdeɪ/ 誕生日（米音では /r/ がはっきり）
※
- “as you” → /æʒuː/ のように「アジュ」に近くなる（連結・弱化）
- “have a” → /hævə/「ハヴァ」
- “act as if” → /æktəzɪf/「アクタズィフ」に近い
--
Okay, everyone. As you know, it’s time to practice your pronunciation.
Here’s today’s sentence.
-There are lots of study apps available now.
In today’s sentence, we’ll be going over two main points. The “are” sound in there’re and linking. -There are -apps available -Let’s practice together. Repeat after me. -There are -There are -Great work. Now let’s try, -apps available -apps available now.
-There are lots of study apps available now.
All right. Ready to go a little faster. Here we go.
-There are lots of study apps available now.
One last time. -There are lots of study apps available now.
-Great work, everyone. Keep on going and you’ll be speaking natural English in no time.
--
There are → there’re /ðɛrər/（「ゼアラ」→「ゼアラ(r)」と弱く連結）
lots of → /lɑtsə/（「ツオブ」ではなく「ツァ」）
apps available → /æpsəˈveɪləbəl/（ps + a が滑らかにつながる）
are + lots → /ər lɑts/（r が次にリンク）
--
We’re excited to have you keep practicing with us. Right, David?
Oh yeah, you know it. We’re moving to FM, but the time is the same. We’ll see you there.
--
• you know it /juː ˈnoʊ ɪt/ もちろん（強い同意・カジュアル）