ニュースで学ぶ「現代英語」 タイで伝統の水かけ祭り
5月1日(木)
THAILAND'S SONGKRAN FESTIVAL BEGINS IN SHADOW OF QUAKE
People in Thailand are celebrating their traditional New Year. Many are taking the opportunity to pray for recovery in neighboring Myanmar, with the holiday coming less than a month after a devastating earthquake.
The Songkran festival started on Sunday. Locals and tourists poured water on Buddhist statues at the landmark Wat Arun temple in Bangkok. The act symbolizes cleansing, reverence, and good fortune.
The effects of the earthquake continue to weigh on many.
(Citizen)
“I hoped for an end to disasters. I was feeling down, but I felt better after making that wish.”
The tremor also caused destruction in Thailand. It toppled a high-rise building in Bangkok that was under construction. Thai tourism officials say hotel reservations declined following the earthquake, but they've been gradually recovering.
UNESCO put the Songkran festival on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2023.
(2025年4月14日のニュース)
take the opportunity to …は「この機会に(この機会を捉えて)~する」
landmarkは「歴史的建造物」
cleanseは「洗い清める、浄化する、罪やけがれなどを取り除く」
reverence 敬意
weigh on …は「~の重荷となる、~(の心)を圧迫する」
tremorは「揺れ、震え」
toppleは「(建物などを)倒壊させる」
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanityはユネスコの「無形文化遺産」です。例えば、伝統舞踊、職人技術など、
intangible「形のない」
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landmark「目印、道しるべ、歴史的な建物」「画期的な」
a landmark discovery「画期的な発見」
a landmark agreement「重要な合意」
a landmark ruling / a landmark court decision「重要な(判例となる)判決」
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landmark
Locals and tourists poured water on Buddhist statues at the landmark Wat Arun temple in Bangkok.
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The tower serves as a landmark for visitors.
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Thailand
Festival
Recoverry
People in Thailand are celebrating a traditional festival. Many are praying for recoverry after a major earthquake.
But it you wanted to give a little more information about the festival in your sammary, you could say, a traditional New Year's Festival or a traditional water festival.
And just a little extra information, one of the staff members on our program who's familiar with Thailand mentioned, seeing a story about the Songkran Festival on Thai news, customers pour into smartphone repair shops.
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ニュースで学ぶ「現代英語」 iPS心筋細胞シート ベンチャー企業が承認申請
4月29日(火)
Let's take another look at IPS cells. Many technical terms will appear this time, but let's do our best to learn them.
JAPAN STARTUP SEEKS FIRST iPS TREATMENT APPROVAL
Good news could be on the way for heart disease sufferers. A startup firm in Japan says it's applied for government approval to produce and sell sheets of heart muscle cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPS cells. The company says if approved, it would be the world's first authorized treatment using the Nobel Prize-winning technology.
The startup called Cuorips began at Osaka University and has been working to develop cardiomyocyte sheets. These are processed sheets 0.1 millimeters thick that consist of heart muscle cells prepared from iPS cells.
Researchers say they conducted clinical trials to transplant the sheets into the hearts of eight patients with serious heart disease. They say symptoms such as fatigue and palpitations became less severe in all the patients. Cardiac function data also showed improvements in more than half of them. They say no serious side effects have been observed.
(2025年4月9日のニュース)
suffererは「苦しむ人」ですが、ここでは「患者」
startup firmは「新興企業、スタートアップ企業」です。
apply for …は「~に申し込む、~を申請する」です。
(be) derived from …は「~から得られる、~に由来する」です。
authorizedは「権限を与えられた、認可された」
cardiomyocyteは「心臓の筋肉の細胞」、「心筋細胞」
cardio-は「心臓の」を意味するギリシャ語由来の言葉です。
work to …は「~しようと努力する、取り組む」
processedは「加工された、処理された」です。
consist of …は「~から成る、~でできている」です
clinical trialは「臨床試験」<- clinicalは「臨床の」です。
transplantは「移植する」
symptomは「症状」です。
fatigueは「疲労」、
palpitationは「どうき」
cardiacは「心臓の」という意味です。
improvementは「良くなること、改善」
side effectは「副作用」です。
observeは「観察する、目にする」
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-
pluripotent /ˌplʊrɪˈpoʊtənt/
-
cardiomyocyte /ˌkɑːrdiəʊˈmaɪəsaɪt/
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★「iPS細胞」など専門用語の意味を理解
・induced pluripotent stem cell「人工多能性幹細胞」、略して「iPS細胞」
人間によってinduced「誘発されて」作られた、
pluripotent「多くの能力を持つ」、
stem cell「幹である細胞、幹細胞」
ヒトの体のさまざまな臓器や組織の細胞に変化させることができるという、驚くべき特徴
心臓の細胞を作るだけでなく、目の角膜を再生したり、血液の成分を作ったりと、多くの分野で応用できる可能性がある
induced pluripotent stem cell「iPS細胞」という言葉を構成している要素
・stem cell「幹細胞」
stemは本来、植物の「茎」を意味します。植物のいろいろな部分が「茎」から分かれて育っていくように、「体のさまざまな組織に変わって成長していく細胞」というイメージがstem cellにはあります。
・pluripotent「多能性」
plural「複数の、多くの」種類の細胞へ変わる、potential「可能性」を持っている」
pluripotentは「pluralのpotential」
・induced「誘発された」
ここでは、人間によって「引き起こされた」、つまり「人工の」
なお、iPSという名称を考えたのは、この細胞を作り出してノーベル賞を受賞した京都大学の山中伸弥教授です。有名なアメリカのデジタル製品の商品名にヒントを得て、iPSのiを小文字として命名し、世界に広く普及してほしいとの思いを込めたそうです。
Having the lowercase i is smart since there are other acronyms for IPS. The lowercase makes it stand out.
・cardiomyocyte /ˌkɑːrdiəʊˈmaɪəsaɪt/ : 心筋細胞(心臓の筋肉を構成する細胞)
cardiomyocyte「心筋細胞」= heart muscle cell「心臓の筋肉の細胞」
cardio-は「heartの、心臓の」
cardioもheartも、もともと同じ語源です。英語のheart muscle cellに相当する古いギリシャ語から合成された単語です。
*myocyte /ˈmaɪəsaɪt/ : 筋細胞、筋肉細胞(「myo-」=筋肉 + 「-cyte」=細胞)
・palpitation /ˌpælpɪˈteɪʃən/ : 動悸(心臓が速く・強く・不規則に鼓動する感覚)
これはpulse「脈拍」に関係している単語です。palpitationとはpulse「脈拍」、心臓のどきどきがいつもより速く強く感じられる状態で、つまり「どうき」と考えると理解しやすい
*pulse /pʌls/ : 脈拍、鼓動;(比喩的に)勢い・活力・リズム
That is a great way to practice.
I'm proud of you for giving so much effort.
ニュースで学ぶ「現代英語」 大型連休中の旅行者 減少の見通し
4月28日(月)
It's the long holiday season again. What is everyone up to?
FEWER PEOPLE IN JAPAN PLANNING SPRING HOLIDAY TRIPS
Major Japanese travel agency JTB says that fewer people in the country are likely to take trips over the upcoming spring holiday period. The downbeat prediction comes as soaring prices prompt many households to tighten their purse strings.
JTB based its forecast on a survey, hotel reservations, and other data. It says about 23.5 million people will be traveling domestically or abroad on a trip involving at least one overnight stay between April 25 and May 7. That's down almost 7 percent from the same period last year.
Close to 23 million people are planning domestic trips, more than 7 percent fewer year-on-year.
Meanwhile, the number of tourists opting for overseas destinations is up 10 percent to more than half a million. But the number of travelers is still only about half that in 2019, before the coronavirus pandemic.
(2025年4月14日のニュース)
- downbeatは「(見通しが)下向きで(ある)、悲観的な」
- prompt … to …は「~を~するように駆り立てる、刺激する」
- tightenは「きつくする、締める」、purse stringsは「財布のひも」なので、tighten purse stringsは「支出を抑える」
- year-on-yearは「前年比」や「前年同期比」
- opt for …は「~を選ぶ、~に決める」
- pandemicは「(感染症の)世界的拡大、大流行」
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What do you think about the long holiday?
-I think it's nice to have a long holiday in Spring. For me, it's a great time to tackle some spring cleaning. I can spend somedays opeinig the windows and cleaning out my house and other days enjoying the fine weather.
-Ah, spring cleaning would be nice.
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The downbeat prediction comes as soaring prices prompt many households to tighten their purse strings.
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The downbeat prediction comes
as soaring prices prompt many households
to tighten their purse strings.
prediction /prɪˈdɪkʃən/ : 予測、予言
soaring /ˈsɔːrɪŋ/ : 急上昇する
prices /ˈpraɪsɪz/ : 価格
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★英語は同じ単語の繰り返しを嫌う
The downbeat prediction comes as soaring prices prompt many households to tighten their purse strings.
->
The travel agency based its forecast on a survey, hotel reservations, and other data.
->
predictionは「予想」
forecastは、データなどを用いた客観的な「予測」や「予報」
・take trips → travel
・abroad → overseas
・almost → close to
・from the same period last year → year-on-year
・tourists → travelers
Do you avide repeating the same words?
- Of course. I think I sound much more interesting when I don't repat myself.
I hope our listners have a fun and productive holiday. I'd love to hear if you get a chance to use English maybe while traveling or helping a visitor in Japan, have a wounderful spring vacation everyone.