乳房温存手術とは、主な対象：病期I～Ⅱ期になりますが、がんとその周りの組織を切除し乳房を残す方法で
その中には、しこりのある部分を含めて乳房の4分の1程度を扇状に切除する乳房扇状部分切除術と、周囲を円状にくりぬく乳房円状部分切除術があります。
どちらの術式も術後は温存した乳房に放射線をあてて再発を予防します。
乳房温存手術と放射線療法をあわせて行う治療を乳房温存療法と呼びます。
早期発見して早期治療することが、とても重要なんです。
乳房温存療法ではがんを完全に取り除けたかどうか手術の時点ではわかりません。
手術だけでは40％くらいの確率で局所再発するというデータもあります。
残存乳腺の放射線照射により、局所再発率はかけない時の4分の１にまで低下するといわれています。
このため乳房温存療法は放射線照射とセットの治療法であると考えるのが一般的です。
English translation by Bing:
Breast-conserving surgery is typically performed in stages I to II of the disease, involving the removal of the cancer and its surrounding tissues while preserving the breast.
Within this method, there are two techniques: breast quadrantectomy, which entails the fan-shaped excision of approximately one-fourth of the breast, including the area with the lump, and breast circular segmental resection, which involves circular excision around the tumor.
Both procedures involve postoperative radiation therapy to the preserved breast to prevent recurrence.
The combined treatment of breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy is referred to as breast-conserving therapy. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial.
In breast-conserving therapy, a margin of safety is maintained when excising the tumor area; however, it is still uncertain whether the cancer has been completely removed at the time of surgery. Data suggests that relying solely on surgery results in approximately a 40% chance of local recurrence.
Applying radiation to the remaining breast can eliminate microscopic cancer cells. It is noted that radiation therapy reduces the local recurrence rate to one-fourth of the rate without it.
Therefore, breast-conserving therapy is generally considered a treatment approach that includes radiation therapy as an integral part.