condescend [kɑ̀ndəsénd] (12) vi １．often disapproving (目上の人がへりくだって)～してくださる (to do)、２． disapproving (人に)偉そうにする (to)
condescension [kὰndɪsénʃən] (15) n 人を見下す態度
語源 (Oxford Advanced Learner's)
Word Origin Middle English (in the sense ‘give way, defer’): from Old French condescendre, from ecclesiastical Latin condescendere, from con- ‘together’ + descendere ‘descend’.
古フランス語 condescendre ← 教会ラテン語 condescendere ＝ con- 「共に」 + descendere 「下る」
意味 (Oxford Advanced Learner's)
1 [transitive] condescend to do something (often disapproving) to do something that you think it is below your social or professional position to do synonym deign
We had to wait almost an hour before he condescended to see us.
2 [intransitive] condescend to somebody to behave towards somebody as though you are more important and more intelligent than they are
When giving a talk, be careful not to condescend to your audience.
１．「自分の社会的・専門的地位よりも低いと思うことをする」
２．「自分は相手よりもより重要で優秀というふうに振舞う」
例文 (Longman)
▪ 'Yes. I know,' Clara said, condescending to look at Rose for the first time.
▪ Those who condescend to visit these miserable tenements can testify that neither health nor decency can be preserved in them.
▪ Take care not to condescend to your readers.
▪ They did more; they came to a banquet in his palace; they condescended to dine with him.
▪ George talks to the jury in their own language, but he doesn't condescend.
condescending と patronizing
What Is the Difference Between condescending and patronizing? (Merriam-Webster)
Very few words in English have exactly the same meaning; even words which appear to be entirely synonymous often will be found to have small differences in certain contexts. The words condescending and patronizing present a fine example of this. At first glance these words appear to be defined somewhat circularly: condescending often has the word "patronizing" in its definition, and patronize is defined, in part, as “to adopt an air of condescension toward.”
But both of these words have specialized senses that lend a shade of meaning to their synonymous senses. Patronizing can mean "giving support to" or "being a customer of," suggesting that the "condescending" sense implies superiority gained through a donor-dependent relationship.
The verb condescend used to be free of any hint of the offensive superiority it usually suggests today. It could mean literally "to go or come down" or, figuratively, "to willingly lower oneself to another’s level," senses that are still occasionally encountered in writings on the Bible. The idea of self-consciously lowering oneself is implied in the "patronizing" sense of condescending.
condescending と patronizing は、両方とも「見下すように」という意味を持つが、その他の意味も類義語的につながっている。
patronizing には「後援する」や「顧客である」という意味もあるが、それはcondescending 的な[与える者-受け取る者]関係から来る優越を示唆している
condescend は、元々「下って行く・来る」「自分のレベルを相手のレベルまで進んで下げる」という意味で使われていた。「自覚して自分を下げる」という考えは condescend の patronizing 的部分ととれる。
patronize [péitrənàiz, pǽ-] (11) vt １．(親しげだが)見下した態度をとる、２．(店などを)ひいきにする、３．(芸術家など)を後援する
日本語訳変で役に立たない・・・