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低体温症
- 高齢者の直腸温が35℃以下を指す。
- 冬の屋内でも発症しやすく、注意が必要。
- 症状は身体の震えや思考力の低下から始まり、最悪の場合には致死的な状態に至る可能性あり。
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寒暖差アレルギー
- 急激な気温変化が原因で鼻炎症状が起こる。
- 冬の時期に多い症状で、高齢者も注意が必要。
- セルフケアの方法と市販薬の注意点を調べよう。
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冬季うつ
- 晩秋から冬にかけて気分の落ち込みが起こる。
- セロトニンの減少が原因で過食や過眠の症状が出る。
- 冬季うつの予防にはセロトニン分泌量の増加が重要。
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ノロウイルス
- 嘔吐や下痢などの症状を引き起こすウイルス。
- 11～3月が発症のピークで、高齢者に重篤な症状を引き起こす可能性が高い。
- 感染予防のための診断法や治療法、日常生活での予防策が大切。
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関節痛
- 冷えが血流不良や筋肉の硬直を引き起こし、関節痛を悪化させる。
- 冬の寒さ対策が重要で、保温策や生活習慣の改善が推奨されている。
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ヒートショック
- 急激な温度変化で心臓に負担がかかり、心筋梗塞や脳卒中を引き起こす病気。
- 入浴中やトイレ移動時に注意が必要で、高齢者にとって命にかかわることもある。
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かくれ脱水
- 体内の水分が減少し、脱水症状が進行する「かくれ脱水」に注意。
- 高齢者は水分摂取の低下に気づきにくい。
- 脱水による症状のチェックリストと予防法が大切。
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ADLの低下
- 冬の寒さで外出頻度が減少し、高齢者のADLが低下する可能性。
- 冬の運動不足を防ぐためのアイディアや自宅でできるトレーニングが必要。
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低栄養
- 高齢者が気づかないうちに低栄養に陥るリスクがある。
- 体力の衰えや免疫力の低下に繋がり、要介護状態を引き起こす可能性がある。
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しもやけ
- 冬に手足の指が赤く腫れてかゆくなる「しもやけ」に注意。
- しもやけに似た症状を持つ他の病気もあり、放置せずに病院で診察が必要。
- 病院に行くか判断することが必要。
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Hypothermia
- Hypothermia refers to a condition in which the rectal temperature of older individuals falls below 35°C.
- While often associated with outdoor activities like mountain climbing, it can occur indoors during winter and is a serious concern.
- Symptoms include shivering and a decline in cognitive function, and in severe cases, it can lead to respiratory failure or fatal arrhythmias.
- Older individuals, with reduced muscle mass and appetite, are particularly susceptible, emphasizing the need for attention to daily habits.
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Cold-Heat Allergy
- Cold-heat allergy, characterized by persistent nasal discharge without cold or pollen-related causes, may occur during winter.
- It is triggered by rapid temperature changes, leading to nasal inflammation.
- The article provides self-care methods and cautions regarding over-the-counter medications for seniors experiencing these symptoms.
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Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
- Seasonal Affective Disorder, or winter depression, is a type of depression where mood declines from late autumn to winter.
- Symptoms include overeating and oversleeping, linked to reduced serotonin due to winter sunlight deficiency.
- Prevention involves increasing serotonin production, with the article offering lifestyle and dietary tips for seniors.
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Norovirus
- Norovirus causes symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea, with its peak occurrence from November to March.
- In seniors, it can lead to severe outcomes such as emergency transport or hospitalization.
- Prevention is crucial, and the article covers diagnosis, treatment, and everyday preventive measures.
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Joint Pain
- Joint pain, exacerbated by cold, is common in knees, hips, and shoulders during winter.
- The article emphasizes the role of "cold" in exacerbating joint pain and provides insights into preventing its escalation through lifestyle changes.
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Heat Shock
- Heat shock, a winter adversary for the elderly, involves sudden temperature changes causing fluctuations in blood pressure.
- Bathing, especially transitioning from a warm room to a cold bathroom, requires caution to prevent potential heart attacks or strokes.
- The article introduces four preventive measures for seniors to avoid heat shock-related incidents.
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Hidden Dehydration
- Hidden dehydration occurs when an individual's body loses water without their awareness, progressing to near dehydration.
- Seniors, with diminished kidney function and sensory perception, are at risk.
- The article provides a checklist of dehydration symptoms and tips for preventing hidden dehydration through proper hydration.
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ADL Decline
- Activities of Daily Living (ADL) decline in winter due to reduced outdoor activities, impacting seniors.
- Strategies to prevent winter sedentary behavior and simple home exercises are discussed.
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Malnutrition
- Seniors may unknowingly experience malnutrition despite thinking they eat well, leading to reduced physical strength and weakened immune systems.
- The article, authored by a registered dietitian, highlights signs of malnutrition and offers dietary points to prevent it.
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Chilblains
- Chilblains, causing red and swollen fingers or toes, are common in winter.
- The article discusses symptoms, diseases resembling chilblains, and points for deciding whether to seek medical attention.