EUの個人データ保護ルールは市民に権限を与え、デジタル時代にかなっている

Brussels, 24/06/2020 - 11:55, UNIQUE ID: 200625_3

Press releases

EU News 168/2020

<日本語仮抄訳>

 

欧州委員会は本日、欧州連合(EU)の一般データ保護規則(GDPR)の適用開始から2年余りが過ぎたところで、同規則に関する評価報告書を発表した。同報告書では、GDPRが特に市民に法的効力のある強力な権限を与え、欧州に新しいガバナンスや法執行の制度を創設したことにより、その目的のほぼ全てを達成したことを示している。

 

同規則は、新型コロナウイルス感染症危機など、予測不可能な状況においても、デジタルソリューションを支えうる柔軟性を有していることも確認された。報告書はまた、今後も監視が必要なある程度の分断化が存在するものの、EU加盟国間の制度調和が進んでいると結論付けた。

 

さらに、企業では順守文化が育ちつつあり、強力なデータ保護を競争上の優位性と位置づける企業が増えているとも指摘した。

 

今回の報告書には、特に中小企業をはじめ全てのステークホルダーにとってGDPRの適用をより円滑なものとし、真の欧州型データ保護文化と積極的な履行を促進かつさらに発展させるための行動についても提言している。

 

Commission report: EU data protection rules empower citizens and are fit for the digital age

Today, just over two years after its entry into application, the European Commission published an evaluation report on the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The report shows the GDPR has met most of its objectives, in particular by offering citizens a strong set of enforceable rights and by creating a new European system of governance and enforcement. The GDPR proved to be flexible to support digital solutions in unforeseen circumstances such as the Covid-19 crisis. The report also concludes that harmonisation across the Member States is increasing, although there is a certain level of fragmentation that must be continually monitored. It also finds that businesses are developing a compliance culture and increasingly use strong data protection as a competitive advantage. The report contains a list of actions to facilitate further the application of the GDPR for all stakeholders, especially for Small and Medium Sized companies, to promote and further develop a truly European data protection culture and vigorous enforcement.

Věra Jourová, Vice-President for Values and Transparency, said: “Europe's data protection regime has become a compass to guide us through the human-centric digital transition and is an important pillar on which we are building other polices, such as data strategy or our approach to AI.The GDPR is the perfect example of how the European Union, based on a fundamental rights' approach, empowers its citizens and gives businesses opportunities to make the most of the digital revolution. But we all must continue the work to make GDPR live up to its full potential.”

Didier Reynders, Commissioner for Justice, said: “The GDPR has successfully met its objectives and has become a reference point across the world for countries that want to grant to their citizens a high level of protection. We can do better though, as today's report shows. For example, we need more uniformity in the application of the rules across the Union: this is important for citizens and for businesses, especially SMEs. We need also to ensure that citizens can make full use of their rights. The Commission will monitor progress, in close cooperation with the European Data Protection Board and in its regular exchanges with Member States, so that the GDPR can deliver its full potential.”

Key findings of the GDPR review

Citizens are more empowered and aware of their rights: The GDPR enhances transparency and givesindividuals enforceable rights, such as the right of access, rectification, erasure, the right to object and the right to data portability. Today, 69% of the population above the age of 16 in the EU have heard about the GDPR and 71% of people heard about their national data protection authority, according to results published last week in a survey from the EU Fundamental Rights Agency. However, more can be done to help citizens exercise their rights, notably the right to data portability.

  • Data protection rules are fit for the digital age: The GDPR has empowered individuals to play a more active role in relation to what is happening with their data in the digital transition. It is also contributing to fostering trustworthy innovation, notably through a risk-based approach and principles such as data protection by design and by default.
  • Data protection authorities are making use of their stronger corrective powers: From warnings and reprimands to administrative fines, the GDPR provides national data protection authorities with the right tools to enforce the rules. However, they need to be adequately supported with the necessary human, technical and financial resources. Many Member States are doing this, with notable increases in budgetary and staff allocations. Overall, there has been a 42% increase in staff and 49% in budget for all national data protection authorities taken together in the EU between 2016 and 2019. However, there are still stark differences between Member States.
  • Data protection authorities are working together in the context of the European Data Protection Board (EDPB), but there is room for improvement: The GDPR established an innovative governance system which is designed to ensure a consistent and effective application of the GDPR through the so called ‘one stop shop', which provides that a company processing data cross-border has only one data protection authority as interlocutor, namely the authority of the Member State where its main establishment is located. Between 25 May 2018 and 31 December 2019, 141 draft decisions were submitted through the ‘one-stop-shop', 79 of which resulted in final decisions. However, more can be done to develop a truly common data protection culture. In particular, the handling of cross-border cases calls for a more efficient and harmonised approach and an effective use of all tools provided in the GDPR for the data protection authorities to cooperate.
  • Advice and guidelines by data protection authorities: The EDPB is issuing guidelines covering key aspects of the Regulation and emerging topics. Several data protection authorities have created new tools, including helplines for individuals and businesses, and toolkits for small and micro-enterprises. It is essential to ensure that guidance provided at national level is fully consistent with guidelines adopted by the EDPB.
  • Harnessing the full potential of international data transfers: Over the past two years, the Commission's international engagement on free and safe data transfers has yielded important results. This includes Japan, with which the EU now shares the world's largest area of free and safe data flows. The Commission will continue its work on adequacy, with its partners around the world. In addition and in cooperation with the EDPB, the Commission is looking at modernising other mechanisms for data transfers, including Standard Contractual Clauses, the most widely used data transfer tool. The EDPB is working on specific guidance on the use of certification and codes of conduct for transferring data outside of the EU, which need to be finalised as soon as possible. Given the European Court of Justice may provide clarifications in a judgment to be delivered on 16 July that could be relevant for certain elements of the adequacy standardthe Commission will report separately on the existing adequacy decisions after the Court of Justice has handed down its judgment.
  • Promoting international cooperation: Over the last two years, the Commission has stepped up bilateral, regional and multilateral dialogue, fostering a global culture of respect for privacy and convergence between different privacy systems to the benefit of citizens and businesses alike. The Commission is committed to continuing this work as part of its broader external action, for example, in the context of the Africa-EU Partnership and in its support for international initiatives, such as ‘Data Free Flow with Trust'. At a time when violations of privacy rules may affect large numbers of individuals simultaneously in several parts of the world, it is time to step up international cooperation between data protection enforcers. This is why the Commission will seek authorisation from the Council to open negotiations for the conclusion of mutual assistance and enforcement cooperation agreements with relevant third countries.

Aligning EU law with the Law Enforcement Directive

In addition, the Commission has today also published a Communication that identifies ten legal acts regulating processing of personal data by competent authorities for the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences which should be aligned with the Data Protection Law Enforcement Directive. The alignment will bring legal certainty and will clarify issues such as the purposes of the personal data processing by the competent authorities and what types of data may be subject to such processing.

Background

The GDPR foresees that the Commission reports on the evaluation and review of that Regulation, starting with a first report after two years of application and every four years thereafter.

The General Data Protection Regulation is a single set of rules of EU law on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data. It strengthens data protection safeguards, provides additional and stronger rights to individuals, increases transparency, and makes all those that handle personal data more accountable and responsible. It has equipped national data protection authorities with stronger and harmonised enforcement powers, and has established a new governance system among the data protection authorities. It also creates a level playing field for all companies operating in the EU market, regardless of where they are establish, ensures the free flow of data within the EU, facilitates safe international data transfers and has become a reference point at global level

As stipulated in Article 97(2) of the GDPR, the report published today covers in particular international transfers and ‘cooperation and consistency mechanism', although the Commission has taken a broader approach in its review, in order to address issues raised by various actors during the last two years. These include contributions from the Council, the European Parliament, the EDPB, national data protection authorities and stakeholders.

For More Information

GDPR implementation report

Communication: EU acts to be aligned with the Law Enforcement Directive

Factsheet: GDPR- the fabric of a success story

Questions and Answers on the two-year report of the GDPR

GDPR web guidance - EU data protection rules

Infographic: What your company must do

European Coronavirus response: digital

 

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EU data protection rules empower citizens

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EU、「新型コロナウイルス・グローバル対応」の一環として、6月27日にコンサートと首脳会合を開催

Brussels, 22/06/2020 - 09:55, UNIQUE ID: 200622_6

Press releases

EU News 165/2020

<日本語仮抄訳>

 

欧州委員会と国際的擁護団体「グローバル・シチズン(Global Citizen)」が5月28日に開始した、「世界の目標:我々の未来のために連帯しよう」と銘打ったキャンペーンは、6月27日(土)に国際的資金誓約首脳会合と音楽コンサートで終了する。目標は、新型コロナウイルス感染症のワクチン・検査薬・治療薬の開発と展開のためにさらなる資金を確保することにある。どこであっても、必要とする人全てがワクチンを入手できるようにすることで、世界はこのパンデミックに打ち勝ち、次の爆発的流行を防ぐことを可能にする。また、今般のパンデミックの影響を受けた地域社会を公正かつ公平な形で再建する一助とする。

コンサート

「世界の目標:我々の未来のために連帯しよう」コンサートは、土曜夜に放映され、俳優のドウェイン・ジョンソンがホスト役を務める。出演アーチストにはシャキーラ、コールドプレイ、アッシャー、ジェニファー・ハドソン、マイリー・サイラス、ジャスティン・ビーバー&クエイヴォ、J・バルヴィン、クロエ&ハリー、イェミ・アラデおよびクリスティーヌ・アンド・ザ・クイーンズが含まれる。

 

 

誓約サミット

「世界の目標:我々の 未来のために連帯しよう」首脳会議は、中央ヨーロッパ時間15時(日本時間22時)に始まる。ウルズラ・フォン・デア・ライエン欧州委員会委員長が主催する同会合は、世界の指導者たちのほか、国際的な擁護団体代表、アーチスト、活動家も発言する。パネルやインタビュー参加予定者にはニコライ・コスター=ワルドー、マイリー・サイラス、アンジェリーク・キジョー、ケン・チョンおよびメリンダ・ゲーツ、ヴィン・グプタ医師、デリック・ジョンソン全米黒人地位向上協会代表、エディ・ンドプ、ンゴジ・オコンジョ・イウェアラ博士、ケイト・アプトンとジャスティン・バーランダーを含む、専門家や思想的指導者が参加する。