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レオナルド・ダ・ビンチの顔は、長い髪でヒゲの生えたあの老人の顔だと思い込んでいましたが、歴史家の間では論争があるのだということを初めて知りました。
【話題】 レオナルド・ダ・ビンチの顔
【時間】 ４分２１秒
【要約】
１．レオナルド・ダビンチの顔
彼について何千という本が書かれているが、
彼の「顔」については議論がある
非常に有名なこの顔↓でさえ多くの歴史家が支持していない
２．セルフ・ポートレートが必ずあるはずだ
彼は身の周りのあらゆるものを描いている
同世代の人々も自分の顔の絵を残している
３．探し出す
すべての絵：700以上
男性の顔の絵：120くらい
横顔の絵を取り除く
精密でない絵を取り除く
醜い顔の絵を取り除く
すると、３点のみが残る
４．ここで自己紹介
わたしが人物画について語る権利がある理由
30年以上にわたり1,100以上の似顔絵を描いてきた
顔を描くことについては専門家であるからだ
５．残った３点の顔を拡大して比較・検証する
非常によく似ている
・おでこが広い
・水平のマユゲ
・鼻が長い
・口がへの字
・小さいけど、突き出たアゴ
作成された年も順序だっている
比較対照：唯一レオナルド本人と認知されている彫刻と比較
【語彙】
icon ：象徴的な人物、偶像、レオナルド・ダビンチの顔について議論があるので「誰も本当の顔を知らない」という意味でこういう表現をしているのでしょう
controversy ：論争、議論
his contemporaries ：同世代の人々
en face or three-quarters ：真正面を向いているか、４分の３くらいこちらを向いている
profile ：横顔
vague ：ばんやりした、漠然とした
stylized ：図案化された、精密でないという意味でしょう
caricature ：戯画、マンガっぽいものという意味でしょう
fit the bill ：目的にかなう
remark ：気づく、注目する
reference ：参考資料、比較対照になるものという意味で使っているのでしょう
【transcripts】
Good morning. Let's look for a minute at the greatest icon of all, Leonardo da Vinci. We're all familiar with his fantastic work -- his drawings, his paintings, his inventions, his writings. But we do not know his face. Thousands of books have been written about him, but there's controversy, and it remains, about his looks. Even this well-known portrait is not accepted by many art historians.
So, what do you think? Is this the face of Leonardo da Vinci or isn't it? Let's find out. Leonardo was a man that drew everything around him. He drew people, anatomy, plants, animals, landscapes, buildings, water, everything. But no faces? I find that hard to believe. His contemporaries made faces, like the ones you see here -- en face or three-quarters. So, surely a passionate drawer like Leonardo must have made self-portraits from time to time. So let's try to find them.
I think that if we were to scan all of his work and look for self-portraits, we would find his face looking at us. So I looked at all of his drawings, more than 700, and looked for male portraits. There are about 120, you see them here. Which ones of these could be self-portraits? Well, for that they have to be done as we just saw, en face or three-quarters. So we can eliminate all the profiles. It also has to be sufficiently detailed. So we can also eliminate the ones that are very vague or very stylized. And we know from his contemporaries that Leonardo was a very handsome, even beautiful man. So we can also eliminate the ugly ones or the caricatures. (Laughter)
And look what happens -- only three candidates remain that fit the bill. And here they are. Yes, indeed, the old man is there, as is this famous pen drawing of the Homo Vitruvianus. And lastly, the only portrait of a male that Leonardo painted, "The Musician."
Before we go into these faces, I should explain why I have some right to talk about them. I've made more than 1,100 portraits myself for newspapers, over the course of 300 -- 30 years, sorry, 30 years only. (Laughter) But there are 1,100, and very few artists have drawn so many faces. So I know a little about drawing and analyzing faces. OK, now let's look at these three portraits. And hold onto your seats, because if we zoom in on those faces, remark how they have the same broad forehead, the horizontal eyebrows, the long nose, the curved lips and the small, well-developed chin.
I couldn't believe my eyes when I first saw that. There is no reason why these portraits should look alike. All we did was look for portraits that had the characteristics of a self-portrait, and look, they are very similar. Now, are they made in the right order? The young man should be made first. And as you see here from the years that they were created, it is indeed the case. They are made in the right order. What was the age of Leonardo at the time? Does that fit? Yes, it does. He was 33, 38 and 63 when these were made.
So we have three pictures, potentially of the same person of the same age as Leonardo at the time. But how do we know it's him, and not someone else? Well, we need a reference. And here's the only picture of Leonardo that's widely accepted. It's a statue made by Verrocchio, of David, for which Leonardo posed as a boy of 15. And if we now compare the face of the statue, with the face of the musician, you see the very same features again. The statue is the reference, and it connects the identity of Leonardo to those three faces.
Ladies and gentlemen, this story has not yet been published. It's only proper that you here at TED hear and see it first. The icon of icons finally has a face. Here he is: Leonardo da Vinci.