東電福島第一原発 ALPS処理水の安全性レビューに関するIAEA包括報告書の公表
令和5年7月4日 外務省
- 日本政府が2021年4月に発表した基本方針を受け、日本政府と国際原子力機関（IAEA）との 間で、令和3年7月8日に署名された、ALPS処理水の取扱いの安全性に係るレビューの包括的な 枠組みに関する付託事項（TOR）に基づき、これまでIAEAによる一連のレビューが行われて きました。7月4日、これらのレビューを総括する包括報告書が、グロッシーIAEA事務局長 から岸田総理に手交され、IAEAから公表されました。
- IAEA包括報告書の要旨（Executive Summary）においては、以下の結論が述べられています。
- IAEAの包括的評価に基づき、IAEAは、ALPS処理水の海洋放出に対する取組及び、 東京電力、原子力規制委員会及び日本政府による関連の活動は、関連する国際安全基準 に合致していると結論づけました。
- IAEAは、包括的評価に基づき、現在東京電力により計画されているALPS処理水の 放出は、人及び環境に対し、無視できるほどの放射線影響となると結論付けました。
- ALPS処理水の安全性やその取扱いについて、信頼性や透明性を確保し、国際社会の理解を醸成 していく上で、IAEA憲章に基づいて、原子力分野において国際的な安全基準の策定・適用を 行う権限を有するIAEAによるレビューは極めて重要と考えています。日本政府は、今後とも、 必要な情報共有を継続するとともに、ALPS処理水の取扱いについて、国際社会の一層の理解 を醸成していくことに努めます。
An International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safety review has concluded that Japan’s plans
to release treated water stored at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station into the sea
are consistent with IAEA Safety Standards.
In a report formally presented by Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi to Japanese Prime Minister
Fumio Kishida in Tokyo today, the IAEA also said that the discharges of the treated water would have
a negligible radiological impact to people and the environment.
The report is the outcome of nearly two years of work by an IAEA Task Force made up of top specialists
from within the Agency advised by internationally recognised nuclear safety experts from eleven countries.
They reviewed Japan’s plans against IAEA Safety Standards which serve as a global reference for protecting
people and the environment and contribute to a harmonized high level of safety worldwide.
“Based on its comprehensive assessment, the IAEA has concluded that the approach and activities
to the discharge of ALPS treated water taken by Japan are consistent with relevant international safety standards,” IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi said in a foreword of the report.
“Furthermore, the IAEA notes the controlled, gradual discharges of the treated water to the sea,
as currently planned and assessed by TEPCO, would have a negligible radiological impact on people
and the environment,” he added.
After taking the decision in April 2021 to discharge the water stored at the Fukushima Daiichi
nuclear power station (FDNPS) into the sea, Japan requested the IAEA to conduct a detailed review
of the safety related aspects of plan.
IAEA Director General Grossi accepted Japan’s request and committed to be involved before,
during, and after the water discharges.
The water stored at the FDNPS has been treated through an Advanced Liquid Processing System (ALPS)
to remove almost all radioactivity, aside from tritium. Before discharging, Japan will dilute the water
to bring the tritium to below regulatory standards.
Like elsewhere in the world, decisions related to nuclear safety are a national responsibility and
Japan’s Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA) approved the plan in May.
The IAEA’s review addressed all key safety elements of the water discharge plan
in three major components: assessment of protection and safety; regulatory activities and processes;
and independent sampling, data corroboration, and analysis.
Over the past two years, the Task Force has conducted five review missions to Japan, published
six technical reports, and met many times with the Japanese Government and Japan’s Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), the FDNPS operator, and analysed hundreds of pages of technical and regulatory documentation. Task Force members have also several times visited the site in eastern Japan to review
discharge preparations there.
Director General Grossi said the report issued today “represent a significant milestone in the IAEA’s review”
but that “our task is only just beginning”.
“The IAEA will continue to provide transparency to the international community making it possible for
all stakeholders to rely on verified fact and science to inform their understanding of this matter
throughout the process,” he said.
The IAEA‘s safety review will continue during the discharge phase. The Agency will also have
a continuous on-site presence and provide live online monitoring on its website from the discharge facility.
“This will ensure the relevant international safety standards continue to be applied throughout
the decades-long process laid out by the Government of Japan and TEPCO,” Director General Grossi said.