Magic only happens in your brainMagic is magic, the magic behind from the human brain, eyes, illusion, challenge habits ...... this article is not talking about the magic of the Secret, talking about why we see the magic come from: Weekend Original: magic only happens in your brain so I use this microphone James Randi (James Randi) came to power, to host Max Mei Wen (Max Maven) say hello, and took the microphone from the hands of the latter .82 year-old Randy tonight hale and hearty, a suit, wearing black-rimmed glasses, from the hair to the eyebrows, then Santa Claus-like beard, are snow white. He single-handedly cane in one hand and a microphone, to the audience, said: 'As a magician ...... I would like you to reveal a little magic secret today.' Hundreds of spectators sitting in the audience, everyone spent a lot of money fare to Los Angeles Nova treasure (Skirbal) Cultural Center, in April 28, 2011 to participate in this event to raise funds for Neuroscience University of California, Los Angeles. Mike King is a comedy magic style, because he thought he was a funny man. 'others lions and tigers used, I do not have those large animals, I used only a few small goldfish. '(Respondents / for map) is another name Randy' Amazing Randy '(Amazing Randi), He was initially the international community has recognized, because of his magic shows. He started performing magic is spiritual class, and later was considered one of the best escape artists in the history of magic. Now, Randy, mainly from his reputation beyond science we can see the scope of the supernatural and tireless investigation pseudo-scientific. 'We are very familiar with what the magician people will want or do not want anything.' Randy said, 'You will not see a magician edge of your pocket pair playing cards and saying, 'This is a pair of ordinary licensing', because this sentence would imply that people think about it, the deck may not be normal. So magician generally do is out of pocket cards, to do with the audience . concise dialogue, engage in a little activity, and then continued his magician's trick will not let you make any hint of doubt the deck, '' Magic also use another principle - a very important principle, I now tell you, I hope you do not forget. 'Randy to enter the emphasis tonight,' People tend to make assumptions. 'traveling around the world people will get an experience with the always mean red traffic stop , green always means the line. When we saw the same phenomenon many times, will be the basis of past experience to extrapolate the principles of phenomena or development, or Randy said, 'assumptions.' 'Some might I will say, I do assume that I need is evidence, I was skeptic, I was a smart man. 'Randy his mouth these words, while in the hands of a microphone hanging down, but his voice was still be Then all those present to hear Randy do suddenly made Status:. 'Oh, this is not my microphone.' smoothly put the microphone on the side caused the audience burst of laughter he took the microphone from May when the temperature there. did not say, 'Let me use this microphone,' that kind of thing. He did not say anything. 'I do not have anything to say, your assumptions are made automatically.' Randy said. 'Some people believe that I speak with you These words, when you are looking at, actually, I can not see anything, my vision is very poor. I usually have to wear glasses. 'Randy said, and won him wearing' black box glasses 'and then directly to the finger in the framed,' but this is not the glasses. 'He wore just a spectacle frame. Various surprised the audience erupted again sound.' In fact, all great art is based on a forecast of a violation. 'scientist Steven Barrow Neurological Institute Marconi (Stephen Macknik) in his' mind tricks '(Sleights of Mind) wrote in his book, you see a movie, If all the plot development are you expected, you will feel very boring. On the contrary, if things develop in violation of your prediction, you will be surprised, you will get pleasure. The same principle of painting, poetry , novels and great magic show are established Marconi with his colleagues and his wife Susana Martinez - Kant (Susana Martinez-Conde) in the past five years to focus on research in neuroscience problems behind the magic. ' We learned a lot from the magician, from attention to the process of memory processes, 'Martinez - Kant said that the Southern Weekend reporter, magician lifetime exploring the mental and cognitive laws and exploited people, they are Some phenomena grasp even for neuroscientists who are fresh. By studying the magicians and their technology, neuroscientists can better design laboratory experiments, then study the behavioral and neurological basis of human consciousness James Randi (right) show a curved spoon. He said that almost every magician has a 'choice of words from the book' The Magic own version. In most cases, the audience thought he was to make a choice, but in fact is not. (Respondents / for map) professional thief's Secret 'makes us feel the excitement of a new research is about the eye movements, it is our cooperation with the magician Apollo Robbins (Apolo Robbins) completed . 'Martinez - Kant said Apollo Robbins is called.' gentleman thief 'that can mysteriously to the audience steal belongings he had the presence of former US President Jimmy Carter. surface from Secret Service personnel who steal things, this show once open, there will be a number of law enforcement agencies to consult its stolen art to him Marconi, who noted that the Ministry of Robbins different sports can hand - divided the two curves and linear motion - to varying degrees mislead the audience in the laboratory, Marconi and others with instruments to monitor the audience to see Robbins different eye movements during exercise, found that people for two different. The movement did make two different eye movement. In some situations, curvilinear motion is more misleading than the linear motion attention. Robbins in the 'theft training', and were taught to in different Under site conditions controlled by hand movements 'target' (or 'victim') attention if he needs the attention of the target followed his hand away, his hands do curvilinear motion; if he needs to target attention quickly transferred from one point to another point, then his hand to do rapid linear motion. For scientists, neuroscience basis of these effects are still unknown. But they feel there is some speculation here is likely to involve and eye movement related to the two concepts, one called 'saccades', called a 'smooth pursuit.' saccadic refers focus of attention quickly jump from one point to another point. This movement for the eye to see in front of us the environment is very critical, because at any one time, our eyes can only distinguish details keyhole-sized region, 99.9 percent of our field of vision in other areas are in fact ambiguous. 'The reason you do not feel your vision 99.9 % of all spam, is attributed to the saccade. 'Marconi explained,' Your eyes have been beating like drugs as hummingbirds. Your brain dispose motion blur part, and the obtained each time the fixing The small amount of information together in order to show you a detail-rich, stable picture images. 'smooth pursuit eye movement along a continuous path therebetween without pause or fibrillation. smooth pursuit eye tracking occurs only moving objects case, and this movement can not be camouflaged it. Sometimes a movie actor with the eyes follow the object does not exist, then the late effects of moving objects join this screen, but it seems the audience, the actor's eyes look is very Natural Marconi, who speculated that the curve of the Games so that the target system into a prolonged eye movement tracking the trajectory of the magician's hand state, but because the human brain are not good at forecasting the end of the curve, so the human eye had been following the movement of objects. If Robbins hands in a straight line motion, the human mind is very easy to predict the direction of the end, so the eye movement can beat the way. When the target is focused on Robbins curvilinear motion of the Discount Nike Air Force 1 Unisex Pink White Shoes hand when they did not have enough energy to pay attention to the ongoing theft of Robbins other hand the fact, Robbins found that when he uses tricks to steal this curve movement, he can steal those he wants to know in advance who steal items. Just because these people predict Robbins purpose, that they were more attracted to the curvilinear motion of the hand and the time to attend. 'Leaning Tower of Pisa.' The two identical Leaning Tower of Pisa pictures side by side, you can see it seems to be two different inclination of the tower. This effect comes from people the illusion of depth. (Southern Weekend Picture) Why is invisible 'People think they can do more than one thing at the same time. But the fact is not. 'Marconi told the Southern Weekend reporter said,' Some people think they can edge knit while watching television, but they really do is to focus on the television for a while, for a while to focus on on knitting, attention frequently convert it. '26 years in the magic show Liu Qian in guiding attention has accumulated a lot of experience.' and draw an arc, draw a straight line like there are a lot of things. 'He said,' For example, handedly lift, lowering one hand, extending Nice Nike Lunar Force 1 Fuse NRG Unisex Red White Shoes a hand, shrink-hand, hands do not move the shoulder, a lot of this stuff, all of which are caused by the transfer to divert your attention. No sight is diversionary. '' Just for control of attention, the magician is beyond a lot of psychologists. 'Liu Qian continued,' is because the magician can do it, give the general public a false impression that the magician's hand so fast 'Why I do not see'. In fact, you can not see is not coming, but your attention was inducted. This is the magician had been trying to go do things. 'Edward MIT Adelson design visual disparity map, you can see A and B checkered gray box is the same as you? (SW Picture) Marconi and others to focus attention called 'center of attention' (spotlight) People think they know what is happening around, but in fact at any time, you are like a theater audience in the dark, you see only the brightest spotlight that small area. Your brain will automatically ignore 95 % of what is happening. Liu Qian said, 'Transfer is not a sight, is diversionary' is actually a magician guide for the center of attention, and the line of sight of the audience did not change, but change the center of attention. To illustrate this the effect of changes caused by the scientists designed a very simple pattern patterned: There are three light blue round face on a black background, the three present as part of the intersection of these three circles surface brightness is the same but Amazingly, when you stare at a round look, you'll find it brighter than the other two you back to a 'dark' circle view, it has become both brighter than any others. As you continue to deflect attention from the center of rotation of the three round face brighten. But in fact, any brightness of a circle are not changed, change only happens in your brain. American University of Illinois Visual Cognition Laboratory scientist Daniel Simmons (Daniel Simons) and his colleagues also did another famous experiment. They let a group of viewers to watch a movie, the film has two basketball players pass to each other. They told the audience, your task is to pass a total number of athletes how many times the ball. When the movie plays, the audience watching intently staring at the ball for fear of passing on any one activity leak several .4 28 May, Marconi and on the presence of five hundred spectators made this test. Short After playing, Marconi said: 'If you get to the more than eight times, please raise your hands.' scene lifted a piece of the arm, 'Oh, very good, good.' Marconi said, 'If you've seen it. this type of movie, hands down ...... well, have not seen most of you before. '' In fact, a total of 13 times to pass the ball. 'Marconi revealed the answer. In the audience heard the sound of a whisper. 'So, you count to more than 8 people, how many people saw a bear walked moonwalk?' Then two or three left the scene still holding hands. 'You count how many times?' He asked these remaining few people. One of them said '13 times.' 'Well, in your five hundred people in just one number to the number of times both saw the bear.' Marconi concludes Next Marconi rewind and replay the footage. This time, everyone saw the bird wearing a bear loaded, swaggering walk from the Air Jordan 6 Rings center of the lens past. He concluded even go for a walk in space. This experiment The initial version is a man disguised as a gorilla, but also a little picture when he went to the middle of the residence, literally pat chest. But again, the most number of viewers can not see the ball gorilla next day Marconi in the Western Psychological Association annual meeting of the American scene to do the same test again. This time, not a single number for both the audience Air Jordan 17 and the number of passes saw the black bear. In 2006, scientists in the laboratory by monitoring observer's eye movement, found a fact: those who did not see the gorilla and the gorilla of the human eye to see the gorillas remain the same length of time, are about one second. 'It is. It is the result of a very surprised. Many neuroscientists think that people do not see the gorilla but because basketball to the human eye to pull to pull in the picture, who moved away from the gorillas. 'Marconi think this study, Description of the people can 'blind', 'This study shows that the process is not just visual photons into your eyes and trigger your brain to really see, you have to pay attention.' Neuroscientists call this phenomenon is known as 'non- Note blindness. 'In the magic show, magicians often use such non-attentional blindness, making the audience even direct' watching 'magic secret is not really' see. '' impossible rope. 'It really is two rope or a piece of string? (SW Picture) imperceptible change in the active site of Marconi also play another movie. film a detective and seriously analyzed against several suspects murder victims lying at their feet. Detective edge analysis side walk in the room, the lens has been followed him move. Marconi Please note that the audience at the camera panning screen appears during much of the change. Many viewers count to 7 or at 8, but the answer surprising - as many as 21 of Marconi and play a movie, this time by another time frame panoramic camera shot, all at a glance: detective went to the room. right, left immediately have the staff to run up, everything can change things tablecloths, vases, decorative painting are replaced; detective Duodao room left, right and played the same scene; even more peculiar is that even suspects and dead on the outside of the lens is replaced. But for the careful design of the lens frame taken out of video, most of which people do not notice a change. This phenomenon is called 'change blindness', it is also commonly used magic to succeed principle. In the time change blindness occurs, the viewer can not perceive before things change, that change may be gradual or may be mutations. CCTV host Li Yong has been a performer in the spring night based on change blindness classic magic big screen On exhibit several different cards, he asked the audience to remember the hearts of the TV either one. Then he passed the 'mind-reading' reads the card you want, Cards reversal occurs once, and then you find their own choice that card really was him removed. If the audience for the first time to show cards and cards second impressions do comparison, you will find, in fact, all the cards have been replaced. But most case, people will only notice their own memories of that card is removed, and on the other hand the change that occurs is ignored. change blindness and non Notice the difference between blind that require viewers to change blindness the situation that existed before the memory, so compare Air Jordan 4 before and after, and not pay attention to blind you do not need to remember. In fact, you have no choice in 2005, Lund University, the young scholar Peter Johansen (Petter Johansson) and his collaborators published in the United States 'Science' magazine on an experiment, sparked widespread concern neuroscience community. They printed some women pictures, these women look the same dignified and beautiful. experiment, the researchers presented to the subject of two pictures, he (she) prefer to choose their own what a woman. After picking, the researchers put the picture into the buckle option on the table, pushing to the subject, please pick up the picture, said the subject say why he (she) selected this photo. process buckle under 2015 Latest Nike Shoes the photo and push to the volunteers, the researchers borrowed magic tricks. They magician Peter Rosen from Grand (Peter Rosengren) a way to learn can be in the process of the photo subjects did not choose to exchange into that one. Results are only 26% of participants found a transfer package behavior that is found to be swapped photo subjects will take He goes out of his refusal photos earnest tell why they like this. Even in some cases, the subjects initially selected women are not wearing earrings, but the photos after transfer package was wearing earrings, by test will say he (she) why would you choose this picture because I like earrings. With this technique used by Johnson et al., magician called 'forced choice.' That is the audience that is based on their own willingness to make a choice, but in fact the selection result entirely. Neuroscientists call this phenomenon the 'Select Blindness' in the magician's control. Marconi and others say in their book, select blindness is Along with daily life. You think you every day to make a choice according to their own will, but really this is the case, advertising will no longer useful, sales staff can go home. Even more interesting is that when you need to adapt the one you ' that 'it is time you make a choice, what would you do to answer is -?.. fiction in the above experiment, the subjects will fictional reason they chose this experiment also change over other forms, such as taste Two different flavors of jam, then talk about why they like one of them. After the jam has been exchanged, the subjects of their choice will be fictitious reasons. Some researchers have also experimented with choice to test the principle of blind people's moral and political point of view. They used a technique called 'magic questionnaire' tool to let the subjects on some moral or political views to mark their level of agreement at the end of the questionnaire where participants will be asked why they hold this attitude. The trick is that in the end this place earlier view of the wording has been adjusted, and the subjects tend not to find, and even a bunch of reasons to support his fictional previously opposed point of view. In the magician there, Select Blindness is often used in heart among class magic in Nova Po Cultural Center, magician Max performed a magic Mei Wen, who is the world's best minds of the magician. That night, he Please random from the audience on the two spectators, one of the book to the audience and asked him to choose any one of a word. The other spectators were handed over to a flat box. Later, plum which pages temperature before an audience miraculously changed arbitrarily selected to the other spectators handheld box. Two spectators were astonished. who raped her in the end? magic class in mind, the magician in order to further control consciousness of the audience, often restated whole magic of the process. They'll say like 'we did not know before,' 'This book is your own choice,' 'the page and the words are your own choice 'kind of thing, so that the audience in the brain ruled out all other possibilities, just to give myself an explanation - which is in fact a miracle, magician doing is remodeling the whole thing and people's memories Unlike video tape recording, when we need to rewind to watch as long as you can. It is only a fragment of memory, when we 'remember' something, we are attempting to these segments in a logical connected together. incoherent where we will invent logical content to fill. So, every time the memories are a process of reconstruction. magician utilizes the unreliability of people's memory, to express a slightly different things the reality of the process, so that the audience can not distinguish between a true and false sightings own memory. The memory is unreliable witness has a history together extremely typical event occurred in 1975, Australia witnessed expert Donald Thompson (Donald Thompson) in a television broadcast program to explain the sightings of how unreliable he got was detained by police shortly after the program, and then a woman identified raped her. The police accused Thompson accordingly. But the paradox is that the rape occurred Thompson is the time to make time live television is how these two things may also happen subsequent investigation revealed a stunning fact:? It turned out that women are violence, the TV home was open , when the television program being broadcast Thompson, Thompson faces the wrong women will remember for the rapist's face it just proves once again Thompson point in the program. - very unreliable sightings American Neuropsychiatric home Eric Kandel (Eric Kandel) in 2000 because of the physiological basis of memory formation studies and won a Nobel Prize. Kandel object of study is called sea slugs of marine animals. He put air blowing sea gills on slugs, sea slugs and then record the various reactions of the nervous system made of sea slugs do not like gills blown up, so they will respond, but the blow does not hurt them, and always doing their reaction will consume a lot of energy, so as blowing continues, sea slugs gradually get used to, they no longer respond. This process is called 'adaptive', which Top Design Nike Air Force 1 Unisex Yellow White Shoes is due to neuronal synaptic plasticity only to happen. Similar sea slugs adaptation process, people see my grandfather wearing glasses in infancy, might catch down, lick lenses, try the taste of the glass. With experience, people know glasses shelves must be a lens, so to see the glasses would not go check out. also due to experience, people see a man holding a microphone to speak, since there will think the sound is coming out. Why do people no longer to check, but prefer to believe James Randi called 'speculation' mean? 'The reason is simple: thinking is expensive' Marconi wrote in his book, 'It requires brain activity need to consume energy and the energy is a finite resource. 'He further explained that, more importantly, thinking you do other things will take time and attention,' other things 'include such as feeding, mating, avoid cliffs and Tigers. You The more things can be stored in the brain as fact, the more you can concentrate on current goals and interests. The less you care about someone's glasses rack if there lenses, your status, the better.