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米国、幅広い業種で人員削減 景気悪化を加速させる可能性
Broader, Deeper Job Cuts Risk Steepening Slump (WSJ.com)
Employers grappling with the financial crisis and a slowing economy are accelerating and broadening job cuts in multiple industries, potentially deepening the economic downturn.
Xerox Corp., General Motors Corp. and bottler Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc. disclosed new job cuts Thursday, following layoff announcements earlier in the week by Chrysler LLC, Merck & Co. and Yahoo Inc., among others. The economic slowdown, previously concentrated among housing- and finance-related employers, is spreading to once-sheltered sectors like health care and technology.
"As the overall economy weakens, even those not in the epicenter of the shock will start seeing losses," said Zach Pandl, an economist ...
once-sheltered sector: 影響が軽微だった業種
epicenter: 震源地
米マイクロソフトの７－９月期、純利益２％増 業績予想を下方修正
Microsoft's Profit Rises, But Outlook Is Damped (WSJ.com)
Microsoft Corp. reported a 2% increase in fiscal first-quarter net income on a 9% rise in revenue, and lowered its financial forecasts for the rest of the year because of the gloomy economy.
Still, the Redmond, Wash., software maker's more-bearish outlook was less dour than some Wall Street observers expected, and the company's shares rose slightly in after-hours trading.
Microsoft executives said business started out strong in the fiscal quarter ended Sept. 30, but it began to slow toward the end as the economy soured.
dour: 暗い
fiscal quarter ended Sept. 30: ７－９月期の四半期決算
to sour: 駄目になる
米製薬大手イーライリリーの７－９月期、最終赤字 ジプレクサ和解金計上響く
Eli Lilly Swings to Loss on Zyprexa Probe Charges (WSJ.com)
Eli Lilly & Co. swung to a third-quarter net loss, as charges related to government investigations into the pharmaceutical company's marketing of antipsychotic drug Zyprexa offset strong sales of its Cymbalta antidepressant.
The company also raised its 2008 forecast for earnings before items.
Lilly reported a net loss of $465.6 million, or 43 cents a share, compared with net income of $926.3 million, or 85 cents a share, a year earlier. Excluding a $1.48 billion ...
antipsychotic drug: 抗精神病薬
antidepressant: 抗うつ薬
※Lilly Reports Third-Quarter Results: http://newsroom.lilly.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=342653
米自動車信頼度調査、高燃費車が上位 フォード車が健闘、消費者専門誌
Fuel-Efficient Vehicles Top Consumer Reports' Reliability List (WSJ.com)
Fuel-efficient vehicles topped Consumer Reports' annual list of the most reliable models sold this year, while the magazine said Ford Motor Co. continues to build the most reliable American cars, most on par with Japanese auto makers, while Chrysler LLC falls further behind.
The magazine said Ford's Lincoln, Mercury and Ford cars led the domestic auto makers and continued to show big improvements.
"Except for some truck-based vehicles, almost all Ford products are now average or better," Consumer Reports said. "Excluding those, Ford's reliability is now on par with good Japanese auto makers."
Consumer Reports: コンシューマー・リポート、アメリカの消費者専門誌
on par with: ～と比肩する
米国、いくらチップを払う？ ウエイターに嫌われない程度
Tipping Point: What It Takes to Make Your Waiter Like You (WSJ.com)
Tips have been on the rise for some time. During the 1950s, people commonly tipped 10% of the bill, says Michael Lynn of the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration. By the 1970s and 1980s, the standard tip had risen to 15% of the tab. Nowadays, people commonly tip 15% to 20%, with the average tip about 18%.
Why are tips rising? Dr. Lynn, who's written more than 40 papers on tipping, says that people tip to make a good impression on the server. "If I want the server to really like me, I have to leave an above-average tip," he says. "And if I want the server not to dislike me, I have to leave an average tip. That dynamic leads to an upward trend in tips."
Despite the economic crisis, don't look for tips to get smaller anytime soon. Drs. Lynn and Azar (Ofer H. Azar of Israel's Ben-Gurion University of the Negevsay) the same social-acceptance factors are likely to keep pushing tips higher, albeit gradually.
tip: チップ
upward trend in: ～の上昇傾向
social-acceptance factor: 社会受容の要因
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