日本産ニセイタチウオ属魚類は下記2種が知られる。
ニセイタチウオ Parabrotula plagiophthalma Zugmayer 1911
サガミニセイタチウオ Parabrotula tanseimaru Miya & Nielsen 1991
本属は、本村（2022）による「日本産魚類全種目録, ver. 17」では、「287 ゲンゲ科」と「289 タウエガジ科」の間の「288 ニセイタチウオ科」に置かれている。〔数字は鹿大博物館の科番号〕
一方、ニセイタチウオ属は Campbell et al. (2017) による分子データに基づく解析結果から、アシロ目フサイタチウオ亜目 Bythitoidei（胎生）のフサイタチウオ科 Bythitidae に帰属することが報告されている。
いずれ「135 フサイタチウオ科」に含められるのであろうか？
ちなみに魚類写真資料データベース（神奈川県立生命の星・地球博物館および国立科学博物館）では、サガミニセイタチウオ（KPM-NR 167011）は (ニセイタチウオ科) [Parabrotulidae] として載せてある。
■Campbell, M. A., J. G. Nielsen, T. Sado, C. Shinzato, M. Kanda, T. P. Sato and M. Miya (2017) Evolutionary affinities of the unfathomable Parabrotulidae: Molecular data indicate placement of Parabrotula within the family Bythitidae, Ophidiiformes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 109, pp.337-342.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1055790317301136?via%3Dihub
Fishes are widely diverse in shape and body size and can quite rapidly undergo these changes. Consequently, some relationships are not clearly resolved with morphological analyses. In the case of fishes of small body size, informative characteristics can be absent due to simplification of body structures. The Parabrotulidae, a small family of diminutive body size consisting of two genera and three species has most recently been classified as either a perciform within the suborder Zoarcoidei or an ophidiiform. Classification of parabrotulids as ophidiiforms has become predominant; however the Parabrotulidae has not yet been investigated in a molecular phylogenetic framework. We examine molecular data from ten genetic loci to more specifically place the Parabrotulidae within the fish tree of life. In a hypothesis testing framework, the Parabrotulidae as a zoarcoid taxon is rejected. Previous identity with zoarcoids due to the one fin ray for each vertebra being present, a characteristic for the Zoarcidae, appears to be an example of convergence. Our results indicate that parabrotulids are viviparous ophidiiforms within the family Bythitidae.
■本村浩之．2022．日本産魚類全種目録．これまでに記録された日本産魚類全種の現在の標準和名と学名．Online ver. 17．https://www.museum.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/staff/motomura/jaf.html
■FishBase
Family Parabrotulidae - False brotulas
Order: Ophidiiformes
https://www.fishbase.se/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=561