８４ The History of the Earth【Past and Future】Dialogue with the Universe
13.7 billion years ago Big Bang
13.5 billion years ago Birth of stars and Milky Way galaxy [1]
4.6 billion years ago Formation of The Solar system and Earth (primitive atmosphere is mostly hydrogen and helium).
4.3-4.0 billion years ago Ocean was born
3.8 billion years ago Birth of unicellular organisms
2.4～2.1 billion years ago The oldest ice age. （Huronian glaciation）
750～700 million years ago Sturtian glaciations
640 million years ago Marinoan glaciation・・・Snowball Earth
600 million years ago Birth and explosion of multicellular organisms（the Cambrian）
500 million years ago Creature won the brain.
460～430 million years ago Little ice age(Andean-Saharan glaciation)
400 million years ago Plants advanced the land from the sea.
360 million years ago Animal’s landing
360 ～260 million years ago Expansion period of glacier( Karoo Ice Age）
300 million years ago Increase of insects (cockroaches = living fossil)
Emergence of reptiles
250 million years ago Mass extinction of lives (Permian)
Emergence of dinosaurs
225 million years ago Emergence of mammals
220 million years ago Mass extinction of lives
150 million years ago Emergence of archaeopteryx
140 million years ago Division of Australian continent
100 million years ago Golden age of dinosaurs (The average temperature was about 23℃. Temperature of current average is 15℃.)
65 million years ago A mass extinction of organisms= Extinction of dinosaurs(Collision of comet(about 10km diameter))
Emergence of primates(Ability to synthesize vitamin C is lost)
40 million years ago Last ice age
25 million years ago The oldest fossil that seems to be apes
10 million ～5 million years ago The formation of the Great Rift Valley in Africa began.
about 6 million ～ 5 million years ago The differentiation of Humans and chimpanzees
about 2.5 million ～ 1.8 million years ago Start of Stone tools
1.7 million years ago Human beings born
780,000 years ago The last pole shift of Geomagnetism
500,000 years ago Peking man
230,000 years ago Emergence of Neanderthals ・・・Use of stone tools
200,000 ～190,000 years ago Emergence of Homo sapiens (present people)
160,000 ± 40,000 years ago Mitochondrial Eve in Africa
(150 000 years ago polar bear and brown bear was divided)
100,000 years ago～ Modern humans (Homo sapiens) were spread out of the Africa.
(It was lower about 5-8 degrees in average temperature than the current：The difference between the annual average temperature in Tokyo and Sapporo. Sea level was 120m lower than now. )
70,000 years ago ～ The last ice age
10,000 years ago The end of the last ice age
30,000 years ago Extinction of Neanderthal
30,000 ～ 20,000 years ago Mongoloid passed to the Americas.
14,000 ～10,000 years ago Humanity tamed the dog.
13 000 years ago Japanese archipelago became the island.
10,000 years ago The end of the last ice age
20th century Development of science and technology, the explosive growth of population, globalization, world war, environmental destruction and resource depletion concerns
The 21st century Nuclear fusion power generation. Development of Artificial intelligence, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology. Multi-polar world.
【References】
1. Wikipedia：Milky Way