新形式のTOEICの
Part6＆7に、文挿入問題が登場
通常の語句挿入とは違い、
前後だけでなく全体を読まなければいけないため、
今まで以上に最後まで解くのが厳しくなりました
一方、英検1級の大問2の空所補充
やはり単語の難しさが、解き難さのポイントに思える
ガリレオ？教会？木星？地動説？コペルニクス？
チンプンカンプンでした
英検1級の復習 2015年第3回 大問2
その1 Believing Galileo
Galileo's conflicted with the Catholic Church in the early seventeenth century is often presented as a clash between evidence- based scientific observation and stubborn adherence to religious doctrine. Textbooks describe how Galileo's observations of the orbiting moons of Jupiter demonstraterd there are objects that do not orbit Earth, making the Catholic Church's insistence that all heavenly bodies were circling Earth appear irrational.
（語注）
☆ conflicted with conflict with～と衝突する≒ dispute with, clash with, collide with
☆ Catholic Church （ローマ）カトリック教会
☆ evidence- based 証明に基づいた理論
☆ observation 観察に基づく意見 観察
☆ stubborn 頑固な ≒ obstinate, headstrong, dogged
☆ adherence 固守 執着 忠実
☆ religious doctrine 宗教上の考え方 信仰の教義
☆ orbit～ ～の周りを軌道に乗って回る ≒ circle, revolve around
☆ heavenly body 天体
☆ irrational わからない ばかげた
The Copernican system, which was developed in the early 1500s by Nicolaus Coperrnicus and advocated by Galileo, held that Earth and other planets circled the sun. However, objections had quickly been raised against this theory. For instance, it （26）a henomenon known as parallax. Critics in the church argued that just as one's thumb held up at arm's length seems to move from side to side when viewed through one eye and then the other, if Earth really were traveling around the sun, the position of a star would appesr to change when viewed from opposite side of the sun. As no such change could be detected in Galileo's day, the Copernican theory seemed deeply flawed.
（26）
1 . supported the existence of ～の存在を支持した
2 . ran into trouble regarding ～に関して困った立場に陥った
3 . was a representation of ～の象徴だった
4 . changed public opinion regarding ～に関して世間の考えを変えた
☆ advocated advocate 唱える ≒ preach, advance
☆ parallax 視差（1つの天体や物体を2つの視点から見たときの方向、位置の差）
☆ just as（接続詞）～すると同時に
☆ thumb 親指
☆ detected detect 見つける 検出する ≒ find
☆ flawed 傷のある 欠点のある
（26）の解答のたぶん根拠
空所直前の「it」＝this theory＝The Copernican systemで、空所から6行下に、As no such change could be detected in Galileo's day「ガリレオの時代にはそのような変化（公転）を検出できなかった」ということから、この考えを支持されなかったので、2。
Most of Galileo's contemporaries, including prominent members of the church, actually believed in another theory. This was known as the Tychonic system, and it was （27）. Developed by Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe, it satisfied the church by proposing that Earth was the center of the universe and the sun orbited it. However, it also stated that the moon, stars, and other celestial objects all orbited the sun. This hybrid theory was consistent with much of Galileo's astronomical evidence as well.
（27）
1 .kept secret by the church 教会によって秘密を守られた
2 .misunuderstood by Galileo Galileoによって誤解されていた
3 .an inspiration for Galileo Galileoを思い浮かぶ
4 .essentially a compromise 本質的に折衷案
☆ contemporaries 同時代の その当時の ≒ current, modern, present-day
☆ Tychonic system ティコブラーエ Tycho Brahe（16世紀のデンマークの天文学者）
の考え、太陽と月が地球を回り、他の惑星は太陽の周りを回るというもの
☆ was consistent with ～と首尾一貫していた 矛盾していなかった
（27）の解答のたぶん根拠
空所直前の「it」は、the Tychonic systemを指し、それがThis hybrid theoryを指すことから、4。
Some scholars even say that, in Galileo's day, the Copernican theory （28）. Philosopher Paul Feyerabend, for example, argued that while many astronomical observations undermined belief in the idea that everything revolved around Earth, the Copernican system was on even shakier ground in terms of evidence. For example, if Earth were moving around the sun, why did birds that were flying through the air not get left behind? It took decades before the weight of scientific evidence accumulated sufficiently to convince the majority of astronomers that Galileo had been correct.
（28）
1 .was superior to the Tychonic theory Tychonic論より優れていた
2 .made a contribution to other academic fields ほかの学問分野に貢献した
3 .was popular with some church officials 一部の教会の職員に人気があった
4 .would have seemed esay to reject 拒絶することを容易に思われた
☆ undermined 傷つける
☆ shakier shakyの比較級 ゆれる がたつく
☆ revolved around ≒ orbit
☆ accumulated 蓄積した
（28）の解答のたぶん根拠
空所の2行下に「undermined belief 信仰を傷つけた」、さらに2行下に「the Copernican system was on even shakier ground in terms of evidence コペルニクス理論は根拠の観点で土台を揺るがしさえいた」とあるので、空所はネガティブな選択肢の4。
答え
（26）2 .ran into trouble regarding
（27）4 .essentially a compromise
（28）4 .would have seemed esay to reject
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