佐藤勝彦と共にインフレーション理論を出したのは私と同い年の
アラングースだ。
アラングースは佐藤勝彦よりもプレゼンが上手く宣伝力もあり
欧米ではアラングースの方が知名度は高い。
アラン・グースは宇宙のインフレーションは
We think that inflation began at a time of 10 to the minus 36 seconds, a minuscule fraction of a second after the Big Bang, and it only lasted about 10 to the minus 32 seconds. In that brief flash of time, the universe expanded by a factor of around 100 trillion trillion times its previous size—that’s a one followed by 26 zeroes.
つまり10^-36 から10^-32の瞬時に大きさは10^14倍になったと明確に言っている。
その結果
This dramatic expansion explains how the universe could have gotten so enormous so quickly, and in doing so it explained why vastly disparate corners of the universe could look so incredibly similar. This rapid expansion would also help suppress the effects of any small perturbations in density at these early times, allowing the universe to look perfect and flat today without implying that it had to start and stay perfect in those earlier moments of the universe.
宇宙がどこも似たようになって宇宙を均一にし、平坦にしたという。
統一理論で予言されているモノポールが空間の拡張で密度が下がり見えなくなったのだという。
しかし、物質は残っているので、あまり説得力はない：
- The Monopole Problem:
Inflation allows for magnetic monopoles to exist as long as they were produced prior to the period of inflation. During inflation, the density of monopoles drops exponentially, so their abundance drops to undetectable levels.
おまけ＝
- The Flatness Problem:
Imagine living on the surface of a soccer ball (a 2-dimensional world). It might be obvious to you that this surface was curved and that you were living in a closed universe. However, if that ball expanded to the size of the Earth, it would appear flat to you, even though it is still a sphere on larger scales. Now imagine increasing the size of that ball to astronomical scales. To you, it would appear to be flat as far as you could see, even though it might have been very curved to start with. Inflation stretches any initial curvature of the 3-dimensional universe to near flatness. - The Horizon Problem:
Since Inflation supposes a burst of exponential expansion in the early universe, it follows that distant regions were actually much closer together prior to Inflation than they would have been with only standard Big Bang expansion. Thus, such regions could have been in causal contact prior to Inflation and could have attained a uniform temperature. - The Monopole Problem: