THE PENROSE ANNUAL 1940 [箱木一郎 曲面印刷 ichiro hakogi
THE PENROSE ANNUALReview of the Graphic ArtsEdited by R. B. Fishenden, M.Sc.(Tech.), F.R.P.S.Volume Forty-two1940London LUND HUMPHRIES & CO LTD12 Bedford Square WC11940THE TEXTGeneral ArticlesEditor’s ReviewR. B. FISHENDEN, M.SC.(TECH.), F.R.P.S. page 1Current Advertising – a CommentaryJOHN BETJEMAN, London 17The Future of “Picture Post”EDWARD HULTON, Managing Director, Hulton Press Ltd. 21Realism and Fantasy in Advertisement PresentationFRED. A. HORN, Designer and Typographer 25Looking ForwardHOWARD WADMAN, London 29Fleet Street to TahitiROBERT GIBBINGS, Artist and Engraver 34Czechoslovak Industrial ArtMETHOD KALAB, Director, Industrial Printing Works, Praha, C.S.R. 37Design in Continental MagazinesBERTRAM EVANS, Bertram Evans and Personal Staff Ltd. 42・ ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Technical ArticlesAn Epilogue to the Centenary of PhotographyEDWARD EPSTEAN, New York page 93The First Colour PhotographD. A. SPENCER, PH.D., F.I.C.,(HON.) F.R.P.F., Director, ColourPhotographs (British & Foreign) Ltd. 99Progress in Photographic Type CompositionV. E. GOODMAN, managing Director, Waterlows Ltd. 101The Aller ProcessERIC HUMPHRIES, Director, Lund Humphries & Co. Ltd. 105“Life” ProductionN. L. WALLACE, Assistant Vice-President, “Life,” New York 108Further Gravure DevelopmentsJ. S. MERTLE, A.R.P.S., Technical Director, InternationalPhoto-Engravers’ Union, U.S.A. 111Chemical Discoloration of Printed MatterCHARLES OCKRENT, PH.D., D..SC., Chief Chemist, Printing and AlliedTrades Research Association 114Colour MeasurementH. MILLS CARTWRIGHT, F.R.P.F., L.L.C. School of Photo-Engraving 118The Eastman Colour Temperature MeterR.F.W. SELMAN, M.SC., A.I.C., Research Laboratory, Kodak Ltd. 121Colour Synthesis in Trichromatic PrintingDR. J. BEKK, Amsterdam 125The Necessity for Retouching in Monochrome PhotolithographyF.J. TRITTON, B.SC., A.I.C., F.R.P.F.., Manager, Process Department,Ilford Ltd. 130A Colour Chart for Photo-Offset WorkF.G.S. CACKETT, A.R.P.S., Brown Knight & Truscott 133“Triplemetal” – A New Zinc Alloy Photo-Engraving PlateWM. H. FINKELDEY, Consulting Metallurgist, Edes manufacturingCo., Plymouth, Mass., U.S.A.; Director, Singmaster & Breyer,New York 136Some Recent Developments in Photo-Engraving MaterialC.D. HALLAM, F.R.P.S., AND R.S. COX, F.R.P.S., L.C.C. SchoolOf Photo-Engraving 141Tint Backgrounds for Half-tonesE.L. TURNER, F.R.P.S., L.C.C. School of Photo-Engraving 143Developments in High-Brightness Electric Discharge LampsJ.N. ALDINGTON, B.SC., A.I.C., F.INST.P., Assistant Works Manager,Siemens Electric Lamps and Supplies Ltd. 145Spraying Printed SheetsFRED. A. HACKER, Manager, New Products Division, AmericanType Founders Inc., New Jersey, U.S.A. 150Paper, Ink, and PrintabilityR.F. BOWLES, B.SC., A.I.C., Lorilleux & Bolton Ltd. 153The Practice of BumpingVICTOR CLOUGH, Printing Consultant, London 158Advertisers’ Note-Book 160THE LETTERPRESS PROGRESS AND DUPLICATIONRivalry between the major printing processes is a helpful stimulant. It is unlikely that letterpress will be displaced, but high speeds in the newer methods have compelled more attention to means of reducing make-ready time and increasing output. Long runs are not printed from original type or etched plates, so that accuracy in duplication processes has increased in importance. In this direction electrotypers and stereotypers are meeting satisfactorily existing requirements.We continue to hold the view that the arrival of the rotary machine for better-class commercial printing cannot be delayed for long. It will be sheet-fed, and the setting-up simple enough to make runs of medium length economical. (Meanwhile we cannot disregard progress made by engineers in the design of high-speed flat-bed machines of small size.)・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・“Palaplates,” manufactured by the Palatine Engraving Company, Liverpool, were shown in the last volume; this also is a plastic method, and the success of the process continues.When the new precision small rotaries arrive we shall require a method to give perfect curved duplicate. The suggestion that plastics may be used for this purpose opens up many possibilities, and they may provide alternatives for a perfected rubber or synthetic rubber which will provide a means for producing duplicates with perfect “faces.”The Kurbo Gravo Process. A very ingenious machine has been patented and is in use in Japan for printing non-planar surfaces, as for example, pottery, bottles, and cylinders. The process essentially is letterpress offset. An elastic diaphragm is inked with an image of the design in one or more colours, and is brought into contact with the surface to transfer the image. The diaphragm being flexible conforms to the shape of the object to be printed, under pressure applied pneumatically to the back of the diaphragm. A feature of the patent is that means are provide to extract the air from pockets which tend to form between the ink face of the diaphragm and the surface to be printed. In the next volume of the ANNUAL it is hoped to publish an article on this process. (pp8-9)この本のこの頁には新聞の切抜きが挟み込んである。記事の台紙にはJAPAN KURBA GRAVO LABORATORY 631, ARAIJUKU 2-CHOME, OHMORI-KU TOKYOと印刷されたレターヘッドが使われている。朱筆余滴と言う記事には鉛筆で「印刷情報 15年6月25日」と記されている。記事の全文は下記の通り。本年度のペンローズ年鑑を入手擦る事が出来たが、挿入印刷はひどく見劣りがする。これはと感心するやうなものが一向になかつたのは、欧州戦争*のおかげであらう。しかし独乙の電撃戦の成功で、本年度は印刷年鑑どころではないかもしれぬ。 次号に訳出するやうに、フイシエンデンは評論中で箱木氏の曲面印刷法に就いて言及してゐる。一体この年鑑は欧州中心で、日本の事等は全然黙殺してゐる。毎年決まって写真植字機の進歩に就いて述べてゐるが、日本の石井式写真植字機の完成には一言だって触れた事はない。(本社で発行した印刷需要年鑑に、その何頁から何頁迄は写真植字機に依るものだと付記して、フ氏に送った事があるから、知ってはゐると思ふ)しかし、箱木氏の曲面印刷法に就いては、とうとう一言費さざるを得なかったのは愉快である。 ◇ ◇ 印刷会社対印刷会社仕事争奪のゴタゴタは何時になっても絶へず、東京印刷工組はその裁判に急がしい。* 欧州戦争の御蔭:Editor’s Reviewには次のように書かれている。The loss, the waste, the anxiety of war! This year we must refer to the influence and the new conditions it has brought into our lives. Apart from preparations at sea, on land, and in the air, never before have our cities and towns been the centres of measures against attack, arriving with little warning at any time of the day or night; this interference with normal activities of every kind must throw even greater burdens on the community, creating financial difficulties and producing complications in management, organization, and production, which vitally affect our own industry in all its branches.In addition to the stupendous task of rebuilding the basic structure, can we at this stage imagine any lasting compensation in aesthetics and technique? We must try to think and act constructively, however hard the task, and this volume being published in a time of acute difficulty, may help in some measure to reach that objective.・・・・・・・ In this war, the Government, instead of giving a lead to the right use of design in propaganda, has been reactionary, and for the time being we are oppressed by a mental as well as a physical black-out.(以下省略)