In the picture below, the black one is male and the other is female.
Males establish territories on rocks covered with algae.
In this season, we can see a “loop-swimming” by males which gives the female a better chance to view his courtship colors.
From this vantage point they signal to passing females by “loop-swimming,” a courtship motion that varies from species to species, but entails quickly hopping up and down in a loop.
One male may spawn with several females.