'You accidentally broke an expensive plate on display in a department store.'
In this case, you will naturally have to pay for the damage, even if it was unintentional. Personal liability insurance (*Note) is sold by non-life insurance companies for such situations.
Personal liability insurance (*Note), which is sold by non-life insurance companies, can provide peace of mind.
Currently, it is not sold as a stand-alone product, but as a 'rider' to each type of insurance policy.
If you have a car, it is more secure to join as a rider to your car insurance policy, as it provides the same amount of compensation as for bodily injury (i.e. usually unlimited).
This is because there may be cases where a third party is injured.
Note: Gross negligence and negligence are covered, while intentional (deliberate) acts are exempt.
What would happen if it was not you who broke a luxury dish, but a child of primary school age who was with you?
Usually, children are not liable for damages until they are of primary school age, as they are considered 'incapable of responsibility', but the parents who were with them are liable for compensation.
The parents who were with the child are responsible for supervising the child, so they are also liable for compensation.
What about the following cases?
Mr A was playing in the park with his primary schools child when the child's classmate, B, came along with his mother.
B's mother said, "I want to go shopping at the supermarket for a while, so could you watch B for a while?
She said, "Okay" and took B-kun into her care.
They played together for a while, but then Mr B brought sand from the sandbox and threw it at Ms A and her child, hitting them both in the eye and forcing them to go to the eye clinic.
It got in their eyes and they had to go to the ophthalmologist ...
Of course, morally, Mr B's parents should apologise to Mr A and his child and pay for the treatment,
However, under the law, when Mr A agreed to take care of Mr B, the duty of supervision was transferred to Mr A. Therefore, Mr B's parents are not obliged to compensate Mr B.
The parents of Mr B are not obliged to compensate them.
In other words, even if Mr B's parents have the personal liability insurance (special clause) mentioned above, they will not be reimbursed.
It cannot be said that if you have insurance, you are safe... and you should not take care of your child easily.