参照
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2. Lovestam, G., Rauscher, H., Roebben, G., Sokull Kluttgen, B., Gibson, N., Putaud, J.P., Stamm, H.,Consideration on a definition of Nanomaterials for regulatory purposesEuropean Union Joint Research Center (2010). available at http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/downloads/jrc_reference_report_201007_nanomaterials.pdf
[hereinafter JRC Definition Report].
3. Hansen, S.F., Maynard, A., Baun, A., Tickner, J.A., Bowman,D.M., Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, Late lessons from early warnings: Science, precaution, innovation, EuropeanEnvironment Agency (2013). [hereinafter “Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings”].
4. RS and RAE, Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies: Opportunities and Uncertainties, Royal Society & Royal Academy of Engineering, Royal Society, London as quoted by Nanotechnology Early Lessons from Early Warning (2004). supra note 1.
5. For an overview and comparative advantages of existing definitions, refer to: JRC Definition Report, supra note 2.
6. JRC Definition Report, supra note 2, at Section 3.1.
7. JRC Definition Report, supra note 2, at Section 3.2.1.
8. There is a growing debate of whether it is appropriate to define nanoparticles only through their size or to limit the definition to particles under 100 nm. See, for example, Friends of the Earth Australia, Discussion Paper on Nanotechnology Standardization and Nomenclatures Issues (August 2008). available at http://www.ecostandard.org/downloads_a/2008-10-06_foea_nanotechnology.pdf
).
9. JRC Definition Report, supra note 2, at section 3.3.1.
10. JRC Definition Report, supra note 2, at section 3.3.2
11. See NNI 2009, as quoted by Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, Supra note 3.
12. See Project on Emerging technology at http://www.nanotechproject.org/inventories/consumer/updates/
.
13. See, for example, The Big Down, Etc Group (2003) available at http://www.etcgroup.org/content/big-down-0
, or Friends of the Earth,Out of the Laboratory and on to our plates. Nanotechnology in food and agriculture. (March 2008). available at http://www.foeeurope.org/activities/nanotechnology/Documents/Nano_food_report.pdf
.
14. Report on the regulatory aspects of nanomaterials, (2008/2208(INI)), available at http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+REPORT+A6-2009-0255+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN&language=EN
[Hereinafter The resolution]
15. The resolution. supra note 14, at Paragraph 9 and 10.
16. Scientific basis for the definition of the term “nanomaterial”, Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks, 8 December 2010, Available at http://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/emerging/docs/scenihr_o_032.pdf
.
17. Commission recommendation for a definition of nanomaterials, of 18 Oct. 2011, 2011/696/UE, available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:275:0038:0040:EN:PDF
[hereinafter the Recommendation for a definition of nanomaterials]
18. Article 2 of the Recommendation for a definition of nanomaterials, EU Commission, October 2011, see supra note 17.
19. Maynard, A., Regulators: Don’t define nanomaterials, 31 Nature 475 (2011).
20. See for example Friends of the Earth Australia “European Commission caves to industry pres sure on nano definition, leaves people and environment at risk” available at http://nano.foe.org.au/european-commission-caves-industry-pressure-nano-definition-leaving-people-andenvironment-risk
.
21. See for example, Press release from the European Chemical Industry Council available at http://www.cefic.org/newsroom/2011/Practical-nanomaterials-definition-needed-to-push-forwardnext-great-innovation-breakthroughs/
.
22. Recommendation for a definition of nanomaterials, supra note 17, at Article 6.
23. For example, The International Council on Nanotechnology (ICON), an institution at Rice University, in Houston; and Nanotechnology Citizen Engagement Organization (NanoCeo) database.
24. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 pg 566 (citing studies from 2005 and 2006).
25. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 pg 566.
26. SAICM/ICCM.2/INF/34, pg. 3.
27. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 pg 566 (citing Heinrich et al.,1995).
28. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 pg 567 (citing NIOSH 2011).
29. U.S. EPA, State of the Science Literature Review: Nano Titanium Dioxide Environmental Matters (2007). Available at: http://www.epa.gov/nanoscience/files/NanoPaper2.pdf
.
30. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 pg 567 (citing NIOSH 2011).
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33. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 567 (citing Ma-Hock et al.2009).
34. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 567 (citing Lam et al. 2004 and Warheit et al. 2004).
35. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 567 (citing Ma-Hock et al.2009).
36. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 566 (citing studies from 2005 and 2006).
37. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 567 (citing Poland et al. 2008, Takagi et al. 2008, and Muller et al. 2009).
38. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 567 567 (citing Poland et al. 2008).
39. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 567.
40. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 568 (citing Sung et al.2008).
41. Nanotechnology . Early lessons from early warnings, supra note 3 at 566 (citing Oberdorster et al. 1990 and Ferin et al. 1990).
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.
44. See e.g. WHO, State of the Science of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (2012).
45. Supra note 43.
46. Id.
47. Id.
48. Id.
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