Criminologists call it murder by proxy - rampages by employees who go after their boss, supervisors and even co-workers they link to the source of their outrage. The message is: Look who's doing the firing now.
These eruptions of workplace violence often occur in similarly brutal ways. But experts say they rarely come with a warning, making them hard to stop.
Employers can reduce the risk of on-the-job attacks, especially in cases where employees are about to get axed; if there have been signs of distress or aggression, they can move the conversation away from the main work space or have security present. Pat-down searches and the use of metal detectors are also options for some companies but have the drawback of raising tension.
In the latest outburst of workplace violence, Omar Thornton, a driver for a beer distributor, fatally shot eight fellow workers and wounded two others recently at the company warehouse in Manchester, Conn., then killed himself.
Thornton calmly agreed to quit after being confronted with surveillance video showing him stealing beer. Shortly afterward, he started shooting. Nothing in his work history or behavior suggested he would be violent, the company said.
Tiffany EarringsThough Thornton, who is black, alleged in a phone call to 911 that he had been racially harassed, his employers and union disputed the claim and said he had never filed a complaint.
"Ten seconds before he started shooting, if you had asked me, does he look like he's going to react in any way? I would have said 'No, he seems calm,'" Steve Hollander, a company vice president grazed by the gunman's bullets, told The Associated Press the day of the attack.
pandora glass beads Meetings to fire employees should be carefully planned, taking into account the location, how many people are going to be present and what should be done if there is any potential for violence, said Jim Francis, a senior security consultant at T&M Protection Resources, a security firm in New York.
Among the questions to ask, he said: Should an off-duty police officer be brought in for security?
If an employee has a violent past, he said, the choices are more clear-cut and the planning easier.
"You certainly then ought to expect that there is potential for additional violence," he said.
Heavy security measures can backfire.
"Searching an employee and bringing in metal detectors on a one- off basis is probably not something you're going to do because ... you may be inflaming the scenario by playing such a strong card," he said.
Without warning signs - and even with security measures in place - experts say there is little that can be done to stop a determined gunman.
"The only way to guarantee you never become a victim of a workplace shooting is to be self-employed," said James Alan Fox, professor of criminology at Northeastern University in Boston.
Investigators say Thornton came to work at Hartford Distributors with two 9 mm handguns stashed in his lunch box, which he placed in the kitchen next to the office where he learned he was being let go.
After quietly agreeing to resign, the 34-year-old retrieved the guns, killed two men who had attended his disciplinary hearing, then roamed through the plant and the parking lot targeting other workers.
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