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Gever Tulley: 5 dangerous things you should let your kids doで観ることもできます。小さいことは気にすんなッ、主題と主張をつかもう！
【要約】
１．いじくり回す工作学校（ティンクリング・スクール）
危険な道具を使わせて、好き勝手にモノを作らせる
切り傷や、血が出ることもある
２．危険なことを学ばせる
世の中は子供に対する安全規制でいっぱい
子供から危険を学ぶ機会を奪っている
安全、創造性、自信、身の周りを管理することを学ばせよう
３．子供にやらせるべき５つの危険なこと
①火で遊ばせる
火をコントロールすることは、人類の偉大な発見であり基本
子供たちは火遊びから多くのことを学んでいる
②ポケット・ナイフを持たせる
ナイフは文化の象徴であり、万能の道具、身体の一部となる
基本的なルールを教えてあげる
ケガをするだろうが、学ぶことは多いはず
③槍投げをさせる
槍を投げることは脳の発達を促す
視覚化能力、予測力、注意力、集中力を育む
④電気製品を分解させる
モノは分解できるということを知る
日常使っている謎の箱が、非常に複雑であることを知る
⑤著作権違反または自動車の運転をさせる
世界との係わりについて学ばせる
「えッ！これって法律違反なの？」という経験
法律とは解釈なのだということを知る
人のいない私有地で自動車の運転をさせる（合法的に）
大きなものを自分でコントロールする体験
【メッセージ】
最近の子供に対する安全規制は行き過ぎの感がある。子供を危険なことから遠ざけることは、子供から大切な学びの機会を奪うことにつながる。遠ざけるのではなく、あえて危険なことをやらせて、安全な環境を自分でコントロールする術を学ばせるべきだ。
tinker ：いじくり回す
with a grain of salt ：鵜呑みにしない、話半分に
by trade ：職業は
stringent ：厳しい
suffocation ：窒息
provocative ：挑発的な
excerpt ：抜粋
pivotal ：極めて重要な
combustion ：燃焼
exhaust ：排気
Dora the Explorer ：ドーラといっしょに大冒険（米の幼児向けテレビ番組）
consciousness ：意識
whale blubber ：クジラの脂身
spear ：槍
atrophy ：萎縮
frontal and parietal lobes ：前頭葉、頭頂葉
deconstruct appliances ：家電製品を解体する
persecute ：迫害する、苦しめる
interpreted ：解釈
latched ：歯止め
【transcripts】
Welcome to "Five Dangerous Things You Should Let Your Children Do." I don't have children. I borrow my friends' children, so (Laughter) take all this advice with a grain of salt. I'm Gever Tulley. I'm a contract computer scientist by trade, but I'm the founder of something called the Tinkering School. It's a summer program which aims to help kids to learn how to build the things that they think of. So we build a lot of things. And I do put power tools into the hands of second-graders. So if you're thinking about sending your kid to Tinkering School, they do come back bruised, scraped and bloody. So, you know, we live in a world that's subjected to ever more stringent child safety regulations. There doesn't seem to be any limit on how crazy child safety regulations can get. We put suffocation warnings on all the -- on every piece of plastic film manufactured in the United States or for sale with an item in the United States. We put warnings on coffee cups to tell us that the contents may be hot. And we seem to think that any item sharper than a golf ball is too sharp for children under the age of 10.
So where does this trend stop? When we round every corner and eliminate every sharp object, every pokey bit in the world, then the first time that kids come in contact with anything sharp or not made out of round plastic, they'll hurt themselves with it. So, as the boundaries of what we determine as the safety zone grow ever smaller, we cut off our children from valuable opportunities to learn how to interact with the world around them. And despite all of our best efforts and intentions, kids are always going to figure out how to do the most dangerous thing they can, in whatever environment they can. So despite the provocative title, this presentation is really about safety and about some simple things that we can do to raise our kids to be creative, confident and in control of the environment around them. And what I now present to you is an excerpt from a book in progress. The book is called "50 Dangerous Things." This is five dangerous things.
Thing number one -- play with fire. Learning to control one of the most elemental forces in nature is a pivotal moment in any child's personal history. Whether we remember it or not, it's a -- it's the first time we really get control of one of these mysterious things. These mysteries are only revealed to those who get the opportunity to play with it. So, playing with fire. This is like one of the great things we ever discovered, fire. From playing with it, they learn some basic principles about fire, about intake, about combustion, about exhaust. These are the three working elements of fire that you have to have to have a good controlled fire. And you can think of the open-pit fire as a laboratory. You don't know what they're going to learn from playing with it. You know, let them fool around with it on their own terms and trust me, they're going to learn things that you can't get out of playing with Dora the Explorer toys.
Number two -- own a pocketknife. Pocketknives are kind of drifting out of our cultural consciousness, which I think is a terrible thing. (Laughter) Your first -- your first pocketknife is like the first universal tool that you're given. You know, it's a spatula, it's a pry bar, it's a screwdriver and it's a blade. And it's a -- it's a powerful and empowering tool. And in a lot of cultures they give knives -- like, as soon as they're toddlers they have knives. These are Inuit children cutting whale blubber. I first saw this in a Canadian Film Board film when I was 10, and it left a lasting impression, to see babies playing with knives. And it shows that kids can develop an extended sense of self through a tool at a very young age. You lay down a couple of very simple rules -- always cut away from your body, keep the blade sharp, never force it -- and these are things kids can understand and practice with. And yeah, they're going to cut themselves. I have some terrible scars on my legs from where I stabbed myself. But you know, they're young. They heal fast. (Laughter)
Number three -- throw a spear. It turns out that our brains are actually wired for throwing things and, like muscles, if you don't use parts of your brain, they tend to atrophy over time. But when you exercise them, any given muscle adds strength to the whole system and that applies to your brain too. So practicing throwing things has been shown to stimulate the frontal and parietal lobes, which have to do with visual acuity, 3D understanding, and structural problem solving, so it gives a sense -- it helps develop their visualization skills and their predictive ability. And throwing is a combination of analytical and physical skill, so it's very good for that kind of whole-body training. These kinds of target-based practice also helps kids develop attention and concentration skills. So those are great.
Number four -- deconstruct appliances. There is a world of interesting things inside your dishwasher. Next time you're about to throw out an appliance, don't throw it out. Take it apart with your kid, or send him to my school and we'll take it apart with them. Even if you don't know what the parts are, puzzling out what they might be for is a really good practice for the kids to get sort of the sense that they can take things apart, and no matter how complex they are, they can understand parts of them and that means that eventually, they can understand all of them. It's a sense of knowability, that something is knowable. So these black boxes that we live with and take for granted are actually complex things made by other people and you can understand them.
Number five -- two-parter. Break the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. (Laughter) There are laws beyond safety regulations that attempt to limit how we can interact with the things that we own -- in this case, digital media. It's a very simple exercise -- buy a song on ITunes, write it to a CD, then rip the CD to an MP3 and play it on your very same computer. You've just broken a law. Technically the RIAA can come and persecute you. It's an important lesson for kids to understand -- that some of these laws get broken by accident and that laws have to be interpreted. And it's something we often talk about with the kids when we're fooling around with things and breaking them open and taking them apart and using them for other things -- and also when we go out and drive a car. Driving a car is a -- is a really empowering act for a young child, so this is the ultimate. (Laughter)
For those of you who aren't comfortable actually breaking the law, you can drive a car with your child. This is -- this is a great stage for a kid. This happens about the same time that they get latched onto things like dinosaurs, these big things in the outside world that they're trying to get a grip on. A car is a similar object, and they can get in a car and drive it. And that's a really, like -- it gives them a handle on a world in a way that they wouldn't -- that they don't often have access to. So -- and it's perfectly legal. Find a big empty lot, make sure there's nothing in it and it's on private property, and let them drive your car. It's very safe actually. And it's fun for the whole family. (Laughter) So, let's see. I think that's it. That's number five and a half. OK.