When thelaunched on Nov. 26, 2011, it began a 350-million-mile (560 million kilometers) trip to the surface of the Red Planet. During its voyage, a group of researchers, including Southwest Research Institute scientist Cary Zeitlin, monitored exactly how much radiation a piece of science hardware on the was exposed to over the 253-day journey from Earth to Mars.
"In space, it's between a 100 and 1,000 times higher dose rate [of radiation] than on Earth," Zeitlin told SPACE.com. "It's highly uncertain what the health risk is from these exposures." []
Zeitlin, whose study is detailed in the journal Science this week, collected the data with his team by turning on the Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) instrument while Curiosity was in flight. The instrument was active from 10 days after launch until about three weeks before landing.
Shielding from cosmic rays
By monitoring the variety and strength of each of the energetic particles entering the Mars Science Laboratory's hull, Zeitlin and his team were able to accurately track which particles of radiation got through and which were blocked by the ship's shielding.
If they were to travel to Mars, astronauts would be exposed to two forms of that don't pose a serious risk on Earth. One of those sources of radiation galactic cosmic rays are difficult to shield against and regularly fly through space-faring vessels. On the other hand, the second source of radiation solar energetic particles can be at least partially blocked by robust shielding used to protect spaceflyers.
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