By means of a wide variety of techniques, precision sheet metal
can be given all sorts of complex hollow shapes and sections. The
equipment used for this type of work ranges from simple hand tools to
elaborate power operated automatic machinery.
Precision sheet metal work usually starts
with a basic preliminary operation such as cutting, slitting,
perforating, etc., performed with tools that exercise a shearing action.
Many kinds of shearing devices are available for these purposes. These
may be simple hand shears, which are scissor like cutting tools of
various shapes and sizes, or hand operated bench shears for heavier
gauge materials.
There are several kinds of power driven
shearing machines, in general, such machines comprise of a fixed blade
and a moved blade. The term punching refers to operations performed with
the aid of a punching machine or press, and comprising blanking,
piercing and clipping.
A wide range of shaping operations coming
under the heading of folding and bending are done on presses and similar
machines, as well as such operations as stamping, crimping, beading,
seaming and grooving etc. These processes are used for the shaping or
stiffening of sheet metal
, the forming of tubular sections of circular or other shape and numerous other purposes.
Press forming operations include cupping,
which is the conversion of a blank into cup form, and embossing, by
which a particular design can be produced on a partly finished
component.
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