have to
・この学校では学生達は制服を着なくてはいけない。
Students have to wear uniforms in this school.
・僕達はこれらの本を読まなくてはいけませんか？ -はい、そうです。
Do we have to read these books? Yes,you do.
・私は英語を話さなくてはいけませんか？ －いいえ、話さなくてもいいです。
Do I have to speak English? -No,you don't.
・彼女はその部屋で静かにしていなければなりません
か？ －はい、そうです。
Does she have to stay calm in the room? -Yes,she does.
・トムと彼の弟は自分達の部屋を掃除しなければならない。
Tom and his brother have to clean their rooms.
Students have to wear uniforms in this school.
Do we have to read these books? -Yes,you do.
Do I have to speak English? -No,you don't.
Does she have to stay calm in the room? -Yes,she does.
Tom and his brother have to clean their rooms.
エミリーは何をしなければならなかったのですか？ -ピアノを練習しなけれ
ばならなかった。
What did Emilly have to do? －She
had to practice the piano.
彼は車を3台あらわなくてはならない
He has to wash three cars.
彼女は皿を洗わないでもよかった。
She didn't have to wash dishes.
be able to
・その国であなたは多くのことを学べるでしょう。
You will be able to learn a lot of things in the country.
・僕は来週そこで彼らに会うことができるでしょう。
I will be able to meet them there next week.
・僕達は昨日その湖で一日中泳ぐことが出来ました。
We were able to swim in the lake all day yesterday.
・彼らはそこでとんぼを一匹も捕まえることが出来ませんでした。
They were not able to catch any dragonflies there.
・僕はもうすぐ車の運転が出来るようになるでしょう。
I will be able to drive soon.
・彼はホワイトさんと英語で話すことが出来ましたか？ －はい、できました。
Was he able to speak with Mr.White in English? -Yes,he was.
You will be able to learn many things in the company.
I will be able to see them there next week.
We were able to swim in the lake all day yesterday.
They weren't able to catch any dragonflies there.
I will be able to drive soon.
Was he able to speak with Mr.White in English? -Yes,he was.
・先週あなたは何冊の本を読むことができましたか？
How many books were you able to read last week.
感嘆文
・彼はなんと一生懸命勉強するのでしょう。
・彼女はなんと注意深く車を運転するのでしょう。
How carefully he drives!
・昨日はなんと暑かったのでしょう。
How hot it was yesterday!
・あなたの息子さんはなんと大きくなったのでしょう。
How big your son became!
・それはなんとおもしろい物語だったのでしょう。
What a interesting story it was!
How hard he studies!
How carefully she drives!
How hot it was yesterday!
How big your son became!
What a interesting story it was!
不定詞－名詞的用法
・僕はいつかアメリカに行きたい。
I want to go America some day.
・僕の姉は去年イタリア語を勉強し始めた。
My sister began to study Italian last year.
・私は来年インドに行くことを決めました。
I decided to go to India next year.
・あなたは何をしたいですか？
What do you want to do?
・彼女の趣味は花を育てることです。
Her hobby is to grow flowers.
・彼の夢は世界を旅行することでした。
His dream was to travel around the world
・英語を話すのは簡単ではありません。
To speak English is not easy.
・ジャズを聴くのが私の趣味です。
To listen to Jazz is my hobby.
・あなたといるのはとても楽しいです。
To be with you is a lot of fun.
I want to go America some day.
My sister began to study Italian last year.
I decided to go to India
next year.
What do you want to do?
Her hobby is to grow flowers.
His dream was to travel around the world.
To speak English is not
easy.
To listen to Jazz is my hobby.
To be with you is a lot of fun.
不定詞－副詞的用法
・僕は本を何冊か借りに図書館に行った。
I went to the library to borrow some books.
・彼は美術を勉強するためにいつかフランスに行くだろう。
He will go to France to study art some day.
・僕の兄は毎週日曜日サーフィンを楽しみに海に行く。
My brother goes to the sea to enjoy surfing every Sunday.
・君はトムに会うためにここに来たのですか？
Did you come here to meet Tom?
・ロバートとナンシーは昨夜夕食をしに素敵なレストランに行った。
・僕の弟は新しい自転車を買うためにお金をためている。
My brother is saving money to buy a new bicycle.
・僕は宿題をする為に明日の朝早く起きるつもりです。
I am going to get up early tomorrow morning to do my homework
・来年イギリスに行くために僕のいとこは一生懸命英語を勉強している。
My cousin is studying English very hard to go to England next year.
・彼らは試験に受かるために毎日何時間も勉強しなければならない。
They have to study for many hours every day to pass the exam.
・彼女は明日おばあさんを訪問するために鎌倉に一人で行くだろう。
She will go to Kamakura alone to visit her grandmother tomorrow.
I went to the library to borrow some books.
He will go to France to study art some day.
My brother goes to the sea to enjoy surfing every Sunday.
Did you come here to see Tom?
Robert and Nancy went to a good
restaurant to have dinner last night.
My brother is saving money to buy a new bicycle.
I am going to get up early tomorrow morning to do my homework.
My cousin is studying English hard to go to England next year.
They have to study for many hours every day to pass the exam.
She will go to Kamakura alone to visit her grandmother tomorrow.
不定詞－副詞的用法（感情の原因）
・あなたにあえてうれしいです。
・彼にまた会えてうれしかった。
I was happy to see you again.
・その大きな建物を見て彼らは驚きました。
They were surprised to see the big building.
・私はその悪い知らせを聞いて残念だった。
I was sorry to hear the bad news.
・あなたのご両親はあなたの手紙を受け取って喜ぶでしょう。
Your parents will be pleased to received your letter.
・あなたは旧友に会えてうれしかったですか？
Were you happy to see your old friend?
I'm happy to meet you.
I was happy to see him again.
They were surprised to see the big building.
I was sorry to hear the bad news.
Your parents will be pleased to receive your letter.
Were you happy to see your old friend?
不定詞－形容詞的用法
・私には今日しなければならない宿題があります。
I have homework to do today.
・彼女は彼に言いたいとこがあった。
・あなたは読む本を何冊か持っていますか？
Do you have any books to read?
・彼は明日あなたに会う時間はないでしょう。
He will not have any time to see you tomorrow.
・彼は何か食べるものが欲しかったのですか？
・僕は今日何もすることがない。
・僕はあの店で弟にあげるものを何か買うつもりだ。
I am going to buy something to give to my brother at that store.
・彼は昨日することがたくさんあった。
・彼には住む家がない。
He doesn't have a house to live in.
・あなたは筆記用具を持っていますか？
Do you have anything to write with?
I have homework to do today.
She had something to tell say to
him.
Do you have any books to read?
He won't have any time to see you tomorrow.
Did he want to something to eat.
I have nothing to do today.
I am going to buy something to give to my brother at that store.
He had many things to do yesterday.
He doesn't have a house to live in.
Do you have anything to write with?
動名詞
あなたはタバコを吸うのをやめますか？
Will you stop smoking?
あなたはいつ切手を集め始めたのですか？
When did you begin collecting stamps?
外国語を勉強するの僕にとってとても楽しい。
Learning foreign language is a lot of fun for me.
彼女は英語を話すのが得意です
かれの趣味は珍しい蝶を集めることです
彼の仕事は外国人に日本語を教えることですか
あなたはどんな楽器を弾くのがすきですか
What musical instrument do you like playing?
Will you stop smoking?
When did you start collecting stamps.
Learning foreign language is a
lot of fun for me .
Driving a car is sometimes boring..
She is good at speaking English.
His hobby is collecting rare batterflies.
Is his job teaching Japanese to
foreigners?
Why is learning English important?
What musical instrument do you like playing?
原級比較
その猫は犬と同じくらい大きかった
The cat was as big as the dog.
これらのみかんはあれらのみかんと同じくらい甘いですか
彼女は母親と同じくらい美しくなりました.
She became as beautiful as her mother.
この車は僕の車ほど速く走らない
君は彼女と同じくらい熱心に勉強しなければならない
You have to study as hard as she does.
彼は君ほど上手には英語を話せない
He can't speak English as well as you do.
彼女は今朝お母さんと同じくらい早く起きた
She got up as early as her mother this morning.
The cat was as big as the dog.
Are these oranges as sweet as those
ones.
She became as beautiful as her mother.
This car doesn't run as fast as my
car.
You have to study as hard as she does.
You can't speak English as well as you do.
She got up as early as her mother this morning.
比較級
このりんごはあのりんごより大きい
あなたの車は彼女のより新しいですか
Is your car newer than hers
私達は彼らよりずっと幸せでした
We were much happier than them.
明日は今日よりずっと暑くなるでしょう
It will be much hotter tomorrow than today
彼のかばんは僕のより重そうに見えた
His bag looked heavier than mine.
誰がナンシーよりきれいですか －エミリーです
Who is prettier than Nancy? -Emily is
あの絵はこの絵より良い
That picture is better than this one.
エベレスト山は富士山よりずっと高い
Mt. Everest is much higher than Mt.Fuji.
This apple is bigger than that one.
Is your car newer than
hers.
We were much happier than they were.
It will be much hotter tomorrow than today.
His bag looked heavier than mine.
Who is prettier than Nancy? -Emily is.
That picture is better than this one.
Mt,Everest is much higher than Mt.Fuji.
最上級
ロバートは家族で一番背が高い
Robert is the tallest in his family.
この猫が5匹の中で一番小さい
This cat is the smallest of the five.
彼はクラスでもっとも頭のいい生徒です
He is the smartest student in his class.
あの少女は町で一番綺麗だ
That girl is the prettiest in the town.
あの自転車は3台のうちで一番新しい
That bicycle is the newest of the three.
コレが全てのうちで一番いい方法です
This is the best way of all
それら全てのうちで一番いい辞書はどれですか
Which is the best dictionary of them all.
Robert is the tallest in his family.
This cat is the smallest of the five.
He is the smartest student in the class.
That girl is the prettiest in the town.
The bicycle is the newest of the three.
This is the best way of all.
Which is the best dictionary of them all.