世界恐慌の原因 Ⅴ【中左】経済政策の役割 放任 オースト…
脚注
^ Keen 2000, p.198.
^ Paul Krugman, "Who Was Milton Friedman?" New York Review of Books Volume 32, Number 32 · February 3, 2007 online community
^ Friedman 1965, p.4.
^ The History of Economic Downturns in the US -- But Now You Know.net
^ * Bruner, Robert F.; Carr, Sean D. (2007), The Panic of 1907: Lessons Learned from the Market's Perfect Storm, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-0-470-15263-8
^ Gold Standards and the Real Bills Doctrine in US Monetary Policy, Richard H Timberlake, published in Econ Journal Watch, August 2005 -- http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/TimberlakeIntellectualTyrannyAugust2005.pdf
^ Randall E. Parker, Reflections on the Great Depression, Elgar publishing, 2003, ISBN 978-1843763352, p. 11
^ Ben Bernanke, "Non-monetary effects of the financial crisis in the propagation of the Great Depression", (1983) American Economic Review . Am 73#3 257–76.
^ Friedman 2007, p.15.
^ (Samuelson 1948, p. 353)
^ Samuelson, Friedman, and monetary policy, Paul Krugman, New York Times Blog, December 14, 2009
^ Murray Rothbard, America's Great Depression (Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2000), pp. 159-163.
^ Rothbard, America's Great Depression, pp. 19-21"
^ Rothbard, A History of Money and Banking in the United States, pp.293-294.
^ White, Clash of Economic Ideas, p. 94. See alsoWhite, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ F. A. Hayek, interviewed by Diego Pizano July, 1979 published in: Diego Pizano, Conversations with Great Economists: Friedrich A. Hayek, John Hicks, Nicholas Kaldor, Leonid V. Kantorovich, Joan Robinson, Paul A.Samuelson, Jan Tinbergen (Jorge Pinto Books, 2009).
^ http://www.marxists.org/archive/corey/1934/decline/index.html
^ [1] Several graphs of total debt to GDP can be found on the Internet.
^ a b c d e f g Jerome, Harry (1934). Mechanization in Industry, National Bureau of Economic Research
^ Hansen, Alvin (1939). “Economic Progress and Declining Population Growth”. American Economic Review' 29 (March)
^ a b c Fisher, Irving (October 1933). “The Debt-Deflation Theory of Great Depressions”. Econometrica (The Econometric Society) 1 (4): 337–357. doi:10.2307/1907327. JSTOR 1907327.
^ Fortune, Peter (Sept-Oct, 2000). “Margin Requirements, Margin Loans, and Margin Rates: Practice and Principles - analysis of history of margin credit regulations - Statistical Data Included”. New England Economic Review.
^ a b “Bank Failures”. Living History Farm. 2008年5月22日閲覧。
^ "Friedman and Schwartz, Monetary History of the United States", 352
^ Bernanke, Ben S (June 1983). “Non-Monetary Effects of the Financial Crisis in the Propagation of the Great Depression”. The American Economic Review (The American Economic Association) 73 (3): 257–276. JSTOR 1808111.
^ Mishkin, Fredric (December 1978). “The Household Balance and the Great Depression”. Journal of Economic History 38 (04): 918–37. doi:10.1017/S0022050700087167.
^ a b Bell, Spurgeon (1940). Productivity, Wages and National Income , The Institute of Economics of the Brookings Institution
^ [|Yergin, Daniel] (1992). The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money $ Power.
^ a b Beaudreau, Bernard C. (1996). Mass Production, the Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression. New York, Lincoln, Shanghi: Authors Choice Press.
^ “Hours of Work in U.S. History” (2010年). 2012年8月28日閲覧。
^ Whaples, Robert (1991, June). The Shortening of the American Work Week: An Economic and Historical Analysis of Its Context, Causes, and Consequences, The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 51, No. 2; pp. 454-457
^ “Technological Change and Economic Growth the Interwar Years and the 1990s” (2004年). 2012年8月28日閲覧。
^ Hubbert, M. King (1940). http://www.scribd.com/doc/22289589/Man-Hours-and-Distribution-M-King-Hubbert Man Hours and Distribution , Derived from Man Hours: A Declining Quantity, Technocracy, Series A, No. 8, August 1936
^ Jerome, Harry (1934). Mechanization in Industry, National Bureau of Economic Research<For the several industries studied industry expansion offset most of the productivity gains that would otherwise resulted in many more job losses than actually occurred. To prevent rising unemployment the laid off workers would have to have changed industries, but it was noted that even if workers were successful at such a change the time typically took 18 months or more. The employment statistics for the 1930 census reflect conditions after the start of the depression so the actual employment situation prior to the depression is unknown.>
^ Stiglitz, Joseph (2011), “The Book of Jobs”, Vanity Fair 23/12/2011閲覧。
^ Ayres, R. U.; Ayres, L. W.; Warr, B. (2002). Exergy, Power and Work in the U. S. Economy 1900-1998, Insead’s Center For the Management of Environmental Resources, 2002/52/EPS/CMER<Fig. 4 in Appendix>From one-sixth to one-quarter of all land had been used to grow animal feed.
^ General Motors and the Decline of Streetcars
^ David M. Kennedy, 'Freedom From Fear, The American People in Depression and War 1929 - 1945, Oxford University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-19-503834-7, p. 122, 123
^ Dorfman,1959
^ Allgoewer, Elisabeth (May 2002). “Underconsumption theories and Keynesian economics. Interpretations of the Great Depression”. Discussion paper no. 2002-14.
^ Peter Clemens, Prosperity, Depression and the New Deal: The USA 1890–1954, Hodder Education, 2008, ISBN 978-0-340-965887, p. 108
^ Peter Clemens, Prosperity, Depression and the New Deal: The USA 1890–1954, Hodder Education, 2008, ISBN 978-0-340-965887, p. 108
^ The Road to Plenty (1928)
^ Eichengreen 1992, p.xi
^ Bernanke 2002, p.80
^ Gold Standards and the Real Bills Doctrine in U.S. Monetary Policy, RICHARD H. TIMBERLAKE http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/TimberlakeIntellectualTyrannyAugust2005.pdf
^ Parker, p.49.
^ White, 1990.
^ Protectionism and the Great Depression, Paul Krugman, New York Times, November 30, 2009
^ a b The protectionist temptation: Lessons from the Great Depression for today, VOX, Barry Eichengreen, Douglas Irwin, 17 March 2009
^ Hansen, Alvin (1939). Economic Progress and Declining Population Growth. ISBN 978-1162557823<Originally printed in a journal. Reprinted 2004, 2010>
^ a b Barber, Clarence L. "On the Origins of the Great Depression", Southern Economic Journal, January, 1978, 44(3), pp. 432-456.
^ Barber, Clarence L. "On the Origins of the Great Depression", Southern Economic Journal, January 1978, 44(3), pp. 432-456. See also Bolch, B. W. and J. D. Pilgrim, "A Reappraisal of Some Factors Associated with Fluctuations in the United States in the Interwar Period." Southern Economic Journal, January 1973, pp. 327-44.
^ Longman, Philip (2004). The Empty Cradle: How Falling Birthrates Threaten World Prosperity And What to Do About It. p. 87. ISBN 0-465-05050-6.
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 1
^ White, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 1
^ Randall E. Parker, Reflections on the Great Depression, Elgar publishing, 2003, ISBN 978-1843763352, p. 9
^ Randall E. Parker, Reflections on the Great Depression, Elgar publishing, 2003, ISBN 978-1843763352, p. 9
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 1
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 33
^ White, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 1
^ White, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ Lawrence White, The Clash of Economic Ideas: The Great Policy Debates and Experiments of the 20th Century (Cambridge University Press), p. 94.
^ White, Clash of Economic Ideas, p. 94. See alsoWhite, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ F. A. Hayek, interviewed by Diego Pizano July, 1979 published in: Diego Pizano, Conversations with Great Economists: Friedrich A. Hayek, John Hicks, Nicholas Kaldor, Leonid V. Kantorovich, Joan Robinson, Paul A.Samuelson, Jan Tinbergen (Jorge Pinto Books, 2009).
^ Herbert Hoover, Father of the New Deal, by Steven Horwitz http://www.cato.org/pubs/bp/bp122.pdf
^ Does ‘Austerity’ Work? by David Weinberger http://blog.heritage.org/2011/10/27/does-austerity-work/
^ Lessons from Economic Recessions II- The Forgotten Recession of 1920 http://conservativehideout.com/wordpress/2011/07/05/lessons-from-economic-recessions-ii-the-forgotten-recession-of-1920/
^ The Growth of the Federal Government in the 1920s, Randall G. Holcombe http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj16n2-2.html
^ Hoover's Attack on Laissez-Faire, by Murray Rothbard http://mises.org/daily/2902#2
^ The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics: The Great Depression http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/GreatDepression.html
^ http://www.cato.org/pubs/bp/bp122.pdf
参考文献
Secular Stagnation and Great Depression, R. L. Norman, Jr.
Dorfman, Joseph (1959). Economic Mind in American Civilizationvol 4 and 5 cover the ideas of all American economists of 1918-1933.
Friedman, Milton and Anna Jacobson Schwartz, A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960 (1963)
Keen, Steve 2001. Debunking Economics Pluto Press Australia Limited Sydney, Australia
Meltzer, Allan H. 2003 A History of the Federal Reserve Volume I: 1913-1951 Chicago University Press, Chicago, IL
Rothbard, Murray N. 1963 America's Great Depression D. Van Nostrand Company, Princeton, NJ
Rothbard, Murray N. A History of Money and Banking in the United States: The Colonial Era to World War II (2002)
Samuelson, Paul (1948). Economics.
White, Eugene N. "The Stock Market Boom and Crash of 1929 Revisited" Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Spring, 1990), pp. 67–83; examines different theories
関連文献
世界
Ambrosius, G. and W. Hibbard. A Social and Economic History of Twentieth-Century Europe (1989)
Bordo, Michael, and Anna J. Schwartz, eds. A Retrospective on the Classical Gold Standard, 1821–1931 (1984) (National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report)
Bordo, Michael et al. eds. The Gold Standard and Related Regimes: Collected Essays (1999)
Brown, Ian. The Economies of Africa and Asia in the Inter-War Depression (1989)
Davis, Joseph S. The World Between the Wars, 1919-39: An Economist's View (1974)
Eichengreen, Barry. Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, 1919–1939 (NBER Series on Long-Term Factors in Economic Development), 1996, ISBN 0-19-510113-8
Eichengreen, Barry, and Marc Flandreau, eds. The Gold Standard in Theory and History (1997)
Feinstein, Charles H. The European Economy Between the Wars (1997)
Garraty, John A. The Great Depression: An Inquiry into the Causes, Course, and Consequences of the Worldwide Depression of the Nineteen-Thirties, as Seen by Contemporaries and in Light of History (1986)
Garraty, John A. Unemployment in History (1978)
Garside, William R. Capitalism in Crisis: International Responses to the Great Depression (1993)
Haberler, Gottfried. The World Economy, Money, and the Great Depression 1919-1939 (1976)
Hall, Thomas E. and J. David Ferguson. The Great Depression: An International Disaster of Perverse Economic Policies (1998)
Kaiser, David E. Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939 (1980)
Kindleberger, Charles P. The World in Depression, 1929-1939 (1983);
Tipton, F. and R. Aldrich. An Economic and Social History of Europe, 1890–1939 (1987)
Barber, Clarence Lyle (University of Manitoba) "On the Origins of the Great Depression" (1978)
アメリカ合衆国
Ben S. Bernanke. Essays on the Great Depression (2000)
Bernstein, Michael A. The Great Depression: Delayed Recovery and Economic Change in America, 1929-1939 (1989) focus on low-growth and high-growth industries
Bordo, Michael D., Claudia Goldin, and Eugene N. White, eds. The Defining Moment: The Great Depression and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century (1998). Advanced economic history.
Chandler, Lester. America's Greatest Depression (1970). economic history overview.
De Long, Bradford. Liquidation Cycles and the Great Depression (1991)
Jensen, Richard J. "The Causes and Cures of Unemployment in the Great Depression," Journal of Interdisciplinary History 19 (1989) 553-83. online at JSTOR in most academic libraries
McElvaine, Robert S. The Great Depression (2nd ed 1993) social history
Mitchell, Broadus. Depression Decade: From New Era through New Deal, 1929-1941 (1964), standard economic history overview.
Parker, Randall E. Reflections on the Great Depression (2002) interviews with 11 leading economists
Salsman, Richard M. “The Cause and Consequences of the Great Depression” in The Intellectual Activist, ISSN 0730-2355. Mr. Salsman argues that the Great Depression was fundamentally caused by statist government policy.
Singleton, Jeff. The American Dole: Unemployment Relief and the Welfare State in the Great Depression (2000)
Warren, Harris Gaylord. Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression (1959).
アメリカ合衆国
Chandler, Lester V. American Monetary Policy, 1928-41. (1971).
Epstein, Gerald and Thomas Ferguson. "Monetary Policy, Loan Liquidation and Industrial Conflict: Federal Reserve System Open Market Operations in 1932." Journal of Economic History 44 (December 1984): 957-84. in JSTOR
Kubik, Paul J., "Federal Reserve Policy during the Great Depression: The Impact of Interwar Attitudes regarding Consumption and Consumer Credit." Journal of Economic Issues. Vo: 30. Issue: 3. Publication Year: 1996. pp 829+.
Mayhew, Anne. "Ideology and the Great Depression: Monetary History Rewritten." Journal of Economic Issues 17 (June 1983): 353-60.
Meltzer, Allan H. A History of the Federal Reserve, Volume 1: 1913-1951 (2004) the standard scholarly history
Steindl, Frank G. Monetary Interpretations of the Great Depression. (1995).
Temin, Peter. Did Monetary Forces Cause the Great Depression? (1976).
Wicker, Elmus R. "A Reconsideration of Federal Reserve Policy during the 1920-1921 Depression," Journal of Economic History (1966) 26: 223-238, in JSTOR
Wicker, Elmus. Federal Reserve Monetary Policy, 1917-33. (1966).
Wells, Donald R. The Federal Reserve System: A History (2004)
Wueschner, Silvano A. Charting Twentieth-Century Monetary Policy: Herbert Hoover and Benjamin Strong, 1917-1927 Greenwood Press. (1999)
^ Keen 2000, p.198.
^ Paul Krugman, "Who Was Milton Friedman?" New York Review of Books Volume 32, Number 32 · February 3, 2007 online community
^ Friedman 1965, p.4.
^ The History of Economic Downturns in the US -- But Now You Know.net
^ * Bruner, Robert F.; Carr, Sean D. (2007), The Panic of 1907: Lessons Learned from the Market's Perfect Storm, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-0-470-15263-8
^ Gold Standards and the Real Bills Doctrine in US Monetary Policy, Richard H Timberlake, published in Econ Journal Watch, August 2005 -- http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/TimberlakeIntellectualTyrannyAugust2005.pdf
^ Randall E. Parker, Reflections on the Great Depression, Elgar publishing, 2003, ISBN 978-1843763352, p. 11
^ Ben Bernanke, "Non-monetary effects of the financial crisis in the propagation of the Great Depression", (1983) American Economic Review . Am 73#3 257–76.
^ Friedman 2007, p.15.
^ (Samuelson 1948, p. 353)
^ Samuelson, Friedman, and monetary policy, Paul Krugman, New York Times Blog, December 14, 2009
^ Murray Rothbard, America's Great Depression (Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2000), pp. 159-163.
^ Rothbard, America's Great Depression, pp. 19-21"
^ Rothbard, A History of Money and Banking in the United States, pp.293-294.
^ White, Clash of Economic Ideas, p. 94. See alsoWhite, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ F. A. Hayek, interviewed by Diego Pizano July, 1979 published in: Diego Pizano, Conversations with Great Economists: Friedrich A. Hayek, John Hicks, Nicholas Kaldor, Leonid V. Kantorovich, Joan Robinson, Paul A.Samuelson, Jan Tinbergen (Jorge Pinto Books, 2009).
^ http://www.marxists.org/archive/corey/1934/decline/index.html
^ [1] Several graphs of total debt to GDP can be found on the Internet.
^ a b c d e f g Jerome, Harry (1934). Mechanization in Industry, National Bureau of Economic Research
^ Hansen, Alvin (1939). “Economic Progress and Declining Population Growth”. American Economic Review' 29 (March)
^ a b c Fisher, Irving (October 1933). “The Debt-Deflation Theory of Great Depressions”. Econometrica (The Econometric Society) 1 (4): 337–357. doi:10.2307/1907327. JSTOR 1907327.
^ Fortune, Peter (Sept-Oct, 2000). “Margin Requirements, Margin Loans, and Margin Rates: Practice and Principles - analysis of history of margin credit regulations - Statistical Data Included”. New England Economic Review.
^ a b “Bank Failures”. Living History Farm. 2008年5月22日閲覧。
^ "Friedman and Schwartz, Monetary History of the United States", 352
^ Bernanke, Ben S (June 1983). “Non-Monetary Effects of the Financial Crisis in the Propagation of the Great Depression”. The American Economic Review (The American Economic Association) 73 (3): 257–276. JSTOR 1808111.
^ Mishkin, Fredric (December 1978). “The Household Balance and the Great Depression”. Journal of Economic History 38 (04): 918–37. doi:10.1017/S0022050700087167.
^ a b Bell, Spurgeon (1940). Productivity, Wages and National Income , The Institute of Economics of the Brookings Institution
^ [|Yergin, Daniel] (1992). The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money $ Power.
^ a b Beaudreau, Bernard C. (1996). Mass Production, the Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression. New York, Lincoln, Shanghi: Authors Choice Press.
^ “Hours of Work in U.S. History” (2010年). 2012年8月28日閲覧。
^ Whaples, Robert (1991, June). The Shortening of the American Work Week: An Economic and Historical Analysis of Its Context, Causes, and Consequences, The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 51, No. 2; pp. 454-457
^ “Technological Change and Economic Growth the Interwar Years and the 1990s” (2004年). 2012年8月28日閲覧。
^ Hubbert, M. King (1940). http://www.scribd.com/doc/22289589/Man-Hours-and-Distribution-M-King-Hubbert Man Hours and Distribution , Derived from Man Hours: A Declining Quantity, Technocracy, Series A, No. 8, August 1936
^ Jerome, Harry (1934). Mechanization in Industry, National Bureau of Economic Research<For the several industries studied industry expansion offset most of the productivity gains that would otherwise resulted in many more job losses than actually occurred. To prevent rising unemployment the laid off workers would have to have changed industries, but it was noted that even if workers were successful at such a change the time typically took 18 months or more. The employment statistics for the 1930 census reflect conditions after the start of the depression so the actual employment situation prior to the depression is unknown.>
^ Stiglitz, Joseph (2011), “The Book of Jobs”, Vanity Fair 23/12/2011閲覧。
^ Ayres, R. U.; Ayres, L. W.; Warr, B. (2002). Exergy, Power and Work in the U. S. Economy 1900-1998, Insead’s Center For the Management of Environmental Resources, 2002/52/EPS/CMER<Fig. 4 in Appendix>From one-sixth to one-quarter of all land had been used to grow animal feed.
^ General Motors and the Decline of Streetcars
^ David M. Kennedy, 'Freedom From Fear, The American People in Depression and War 1929 - 1945, Oxford University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-19-503834-7, p. 122, 123
^ Dorfman,1959
^ Allgoewer, Elisabeth (May 2002). “Underconsumption theories and Keynesian economics. Interpretations of the Great Depression”. Discussion paper no. 2002-14.
^ Peter Clemens, Prosperity, Depression and the New Deal: The USA 1890–1954, Hodder Education, 2008, ISBN 978-0-340-965887, p. 108
^ Peter Clemens, Prosperity, Depression and the New Deal: The USA 1890–1954, Hodder Education, 2008, ISBN 978-0-340-965887, p. 108
^ The Road to Plenty (1928)
^ Eichengreen 1992, p.xi
^ Bernanke 2002, p.80
^ Gold Standards and the Real Bills Doctrine in U.S. Monetary Policy, RICHARD H. TIMBERLAKE http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/TimberlakeIntellectualTyrannyAugust2005.pdf
^ Parker, p.49.
^ White, 1990.
^ Protectionism and the Great Depression, Paul Krugman, New York Times, November 30, 2009
^ a b The protectionist temptation: Lessons from the Great Depression for today, VOX, Barry Eichengreen, Douglas Irwin, 17 March 2009
^ Hansen, Alvin (1939). Economic Progress and Declining Population Growth. ISBN 978-1162557823<Originally printed in a journal. Reprinted 2004, 2010>
^ a b Barber, Clarence L. "On the Origins of the Great Depression", Southern Economic Journal, January, 1978, 44(3), pp. 432-456.
^ Barber, Clarence L. "On the Origins of the Great Depression", Southern Economic Journal, January 1978, 44(3), pp. 432-456. See also Bolch, B. W. and J. D. Pilgrim, "A Reappraisal of Some Factors Associated with Fluctuations in the United States in the Interwar Period." Southern Economic Journal, January 1973, pp. 327-44.
^ Longman, Philip (2004). The Empty Cradle: How Falling Birthrates Threaten World Prosperity And What to Do About It. p. 87. ISBN 0-465-05050-6.
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 1
^ White, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 1
^ Randall E. Parker, Reflections on the Great Depression, Elgar publishing, 2003, ISBN 978-1843763352, p. 9
^ Randall E. Parker, Reflections on the Great Depression, Elgar publishing, 2003, ISBN 978-1843763352, p. 9
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 1
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 33
^ White, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ J. Bradford De Long, "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 3546, p. 1
^ White, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ Lawrence White, The Clash of Economic Ideas: The Great Policy Debates and Experiments of the 20th Century (Cambridge University Press), p. 94.
^ White, Clash of Economic Ideas, p. 94. See alsoWhite, Lawrence (2008). “Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression?”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (40): 751–768. doi:10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00134.x
^ F. A. Hayek, interviewed by Diego Pizano July, 1979 published in: Diego Pizano, Conversations with Great Economists: Friedrich A. Hayek, John Hicks, Nicholas Kaldor, Leonid V. Kantorovich, Joan Robinson, Paul A.Samuelson, Jan Tinbergen (Jorge Pinto Books, 2009).
^ Herbert Hoover, Father of the New Deal, by Steven Horwitz http://www.cato.org/pubs/bp/bp122.pdf
^ Does ‘Austerity’ Work? by David Weinberger http://blog.heritage.org/2011/10/27/does-austerity-work/
^ Lessons from Economic Recessions II- The Forgotten Recession of 1920 http://conservativehideout.com/wordpress/2011/07/05/lessons-from-economic-recessions-ii-the-forgotten-recession-of-1920/
^ The Growth of the Federal Government in the 1920s, Randall G. Holcombe http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj16n2-2.html
^ Hoover's Attack on Laissez-Faire, by Murray Rothbard http://mises.org/daily/2902#2
^ The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics: The Great Depression http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/GreatDepression.html
^ http://www.cato.org/pubs/bp/bp122.pdf
参考文献
Secular Stagnation and Great Depression, R. L. Norman, Jr.
Dorfman, Joseph (1959). Economic Mind in American Civilizationvol 4 and 5 cover the ideas of all American economists of 1918-1933.
Friedman, Milton and Anna Jacobson Schwartz, A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960 (1963)
Keen, Steve 2001. Debunking Economics Pluto Press Australia Limited Sydney, Australia
Meltzer, Allan H. 2003 A History of the Federal Reserve Volume I: 1913-1951 Chicago University Press, Chicago, IL
Rothbard, Murray N. 1963 America's Great Depression D. Van Nostrand Company, Princeton, NJ
Rothbard, Murray N. A History of Money and Banking in the United States: The Colonial Era to World War II (2002)
Samuelson, Paul (1948). Economics.
White, Eugene N. "The Stock Market Boom and Crash of 1929 Revisited" Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Spring, 1990), pp. 67–83; examines different theories
関連文献
世界
Ambrosius, G. and W. Hibbard. A Social and Economic History of Twentieth-Century Europe (1989)
Bordo, Michael, and Anna J. Schwartz, eds. A Retrospective on the Classical Gold Standard, 1821–1931 (1984) (National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report)
Bordo, Michael et al. eds. The Gold Standard and Related Regimes: Collected Essays (1999)
Brown, Ian. The Economies of Africa and Asia in the Inter-War Depression (1989)
Davis, Joseph S. The World Between the Wars, 1919-39: An Economist's View (1974)
Eichengreen, Barry. Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, 1919–1939 (NBER Series on Long-Term Factors in Economic Development), 1996, ISBN 0-19-510113-8
Eichengreen, Barry, and Marc Flandreau, eds. The Gold Standard in Theory and History (1997)
Feinstein, Charles H. The European Economy Between the Wars (1997)
Garraty, John A. The Great Depression: An Inquiry into the Causes, Course, and Consequences of the Worldwide Depression of the Nineteen-Thirties, as Seen by Contemporaries and in Light of History (1986)
Garraty, John A. Unemployment in History (1978)
Garside, William R. Capitalism in Crisis: International Responses to the Great Depression (1993)
Haberler, Gottfried. The World Economy, Money, and the Great Depression 1919-1939 (1976)
Hall, Thomas E. and J. David Ferguson. The Great Depression: An International Disaster of Perverse Economic Policies (1998)
Kaiser, David E. Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939 (1980)
Kindleberger, Charles P. The World in Depression, 1929-1939 (1983);
Tipton, F. and R. Aldrich. An Economic and Social History of Europe, 1890–1939 (1987)
Barber, Clarence Lyle (University of Manitoba) "On the Origins of the Great Depression" (1978)
アメリカ合衆国
Ben S. Bernanke. Essays on the Great Depression (2000)
Bernstein, Michael A. The Great Depression: Delayed Recovery and Economic Change in America, 1929-1939 (1989) focus on low-growth and high-growth industries
Bordo, Michael D., Claudia Goldin, and Eugene N. White, eds. The Defining Moment: The Great Depression and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century (1998). Advanced economic history.
Chandler, Lester. America's Greatest Depression (1970). economic history overview.
De Long, Bradford. Liquidation Cycles and the Great Depression (1991)
Jensen, Richard J. "The Causes and Cures of Unemployment in the Great Depression," Journal of Interdisciplinary History 19 (1989) 553-83. online at JSTOR in most academic libraries
McElvaine, Robert S. The Great Depression (2nd ed 1993) social history
Mitchell, Broadus. Depression Decade: From New Era through New Deal, 1929-1941 (1964), standard economic history overview.
Parker, Randall E. Reflections on the Great Depression (2002) interviews with 11 leading economists
Salsman, Richard M. “The Cause and Consequences of the Great Depression” in The Intellectual Activist, ISSN 0730-2355. Mr. Salsman argues that the Great Depression was fundamentally caused by statist government policy.
Singleton, Jeff. The American Dole: Unemployment Relief and the Welfare State in the Great Depression (2000)
Warren, Harris Gaylord. Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression (1959).
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Chandler, Lester V. American Monetary Policy, 1928-41. (1971).
Epstein, Gerald and Thomas Ferguson. "Monetary Policy, Loan Liquidation and Industrial Conflict: Federal Reserve System Open Market Operations in 1932." Journal of Economic History 44 (December 1984): 957-84. in JSTOR
Kubik, Paul J., "Federal Reserve Policy during the Great Depression: The Impact of Interwar Attitudes regarding Consumption and Consumer Credit." Journal of Economic Issues. Vo: 30. Issue: 3. Publication Year: 1996. pp 829+.
Mayhew, Anne. "Ideology and the Great Depression: Monetary History Rewritten." Journal of Economic Issues 17 (June 1983): 353-60.
Meltzer, Allan H. A History of the Federal Reserve, Volume 1: 1913-1951 (2004) the standard scholarly history
Steindl, Frank G. Monetary Interpretations of the Great Depression. (1995).
Temin, Peter. Did Monetary Forces Cause the Great Depression? (1976).
Wicker, Elmus R. "A Reconsideration of Federal Reserve Policy during the 1920-1921 Depression," Journal of Economic History (1966) 26: 223-238, in JSTOR
Wicker, Elmus. Federal Reserve Monetary Policy, 1917-33. (1966).
Wells, Donald R. The Federal Reserve System: A History (2004)
Wueschner, Silvano A. Charting Twentieth-Century Monetary Policy: Herbert Hoover and Benjamin Strong, 1917-1927 Greenwood Press. (1999)
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