Ac4ManNAz (1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-N-azidoacetylaminomannose) is an azide-containing metabolic glycoprotein labeling reagent that can selectively modify proteins for cell labeling, tracking, and proteomic analysis. Ac4ManNAz is a click chemistry reagent that contains an azide group and can undergo Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) with molecules containing alkyne groups.
Ac4ManNAz (1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-N-azidoacetylaminomannose) is an azide-containing metabolic glycoprotein labeling reagent that can selectively modify proteins for cell labeling, tracking, and proteomic analysis [1, 2]. Ac4ManNAz is a click chemistry reagent that contains an azide group and can undergo Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) with molecules containing alkyne groups[3]. Ac4ManNAz can also undergo ring strain-driven alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups[4].
Click chemistry is a versatile reaction that can be used for the synthesis of a variety of conjugates. Virtually any biomolecule can be easily labelled with small molecules, such as fluorescent dyes, biotin, etc using click chemistry method.
Click chemistry reaction takes place between two components: azide and alkyne (terminal acetylene). Both azido and alkyne groups are nearly never encountered in natural biomolecules. Hence, the reaction is highly bioorthogonal and specific.
References:
[1] Han S S, Lee D E, Shim H E, et al. Physiological effects of Ac4ManNAz and optimization of metabolic labeling for cell tracking[J]. Theranostics, 2017, 7(5):1164.
[2] Han S S, Shim H E, Park S J, et al. Safety and optimization of metabolic labeling of endothelial progenitor cells for tracking[J]. Scientific reports, 2018, 8(1): 13212.
[3] Singh M S, Chowdhury S, Koley S. Advances of azide-alkyne cycloaddition-click chemistry over the recent decade[J]. Tetrahedron, 2016, 72(35): 5257-5283.
[4] Vidyakina A A, Silonov S A, Govdi A I, et al. Key role of cycloalkyne nature in alkyne-dye reagents for enhanced specificity of intracellular imaging by bioorthogonal bioconjugation[J]. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 2024.
The following general protocol is recommended for chemical labeling of alkyne-modified oligonucleotides or DNA with azides produced by GlpBio. This plan only provides a guide, please modify it to meet your specific needs.
Calculate the volumes of reagents required for Click chemistry labeling using the table below. Prepare the required stock solutions(see Appendix).
2.Dissolve alkyne-modified oligonucleotide or DNA in water in a pressure-tight vial.
3.Add 2M triethylammonium acetate buffer, pH 7.0, to final concentration 0.2 M.
4.Add DMSO, and vortex.
5.Add azide stock solution (10 mM in DMSO), and vortex.
6.Add the required volume of 5mM Ascorbic Acid Stock solution to the mixture, and vortex briefly.
7.Degass the solution by bubbling inert gas in it for 30 seconds. Nitrogen, argon, or helium can be used.
8.Add the required amount of 10 mM Copper (II)-TBTA Stock in 55% DMSO to the mixture. Flush the vial with inert gas and close the cap.
9.Vortex the mixture thoroughly. If significant precipitation of azide is observed, heat the vial for 3 minutes at 80°C, and vortex.
10.Keep at room temperature overnight.
11.Precipitate the conjugate with acetone (for oligonucleotides) or with ethanol (for DNA). Mix thoroughly and keep at −20 °C for 20 minutes.
To precipitate an oligonucleotide conjugate: add to the mixture at least a 4-fold excess volume of 3% lithium perchlorate in acetone (if the volume of the mixture is large, split in several vials).
To precipitate a DNA conjugate: add to the mixture sodium acetate to a final concentration of 0.3M; add 2.5 volumes of ethanol (or 0.8 volumes of isopropanol).
12.Centrifuge at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes.
13.Discard the supernatant. Wash the pellet with acetone (1 mL), centrifuge at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes.
14.Discard the supernatant, dry the pellet, and purify the conjugate by RP-HPLC or PAGE.
Appendix. Preparation of stock solutions of the reagents used for click-chemistry labeling and conjugation.
