英 2 @文法
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16 受動態1
A▼能動態から受動態
My grandfather planed the tree.
The tree was planed by my grandfather.
B▼受動態の基本
SVO
Millions if people watch the TV program.
The TV program is watched by millions of people.
SVOO
Tom shows her those photos.
She was shown those photos by Tom.
Those photos were shown (to) her by Tom.
動詞がbuy make sing などの受動態は人が主語では普通使わない
SVOC
Greeks called the stars "the Big Dipper."
The stars were called "the Big Dipper" by Greeks.
C▼by のない受動態
The rules must be obeyed.
My bicycle was stolen during the night.
D▼時制
A decision will not be made until the next meeting. 未来形
Have you heard the news? The President has been shot. 完了形
A new beltway is being built around the city. 進行形
16 受動態1
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XI
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15 助動詞3
A should と ought to
1義務 当然
Do you think I should [ought to] apply this job?
Jim should [ought to] beat Tom at tennis. He is better player than Tom.
2 that節中のshould
要求 主張 提案 必要 命令
He insisted that we (should) stay for dinner.
It is important that you (should) read many book while you are young.
B need と dare
1 need ～する必要がある
You need not ring the bell ; I've got a key.
2 dare あえて～する
How dare you say such a thing?!
C 助動詞+have+過去分詞
1 過去の事柄に現在からみた推量
I saw Ann in the library yesterday.
-You couldn't have seen her ; she is still abroad.
2 過去の事柄について非難 後悔
You ought to have learned how to swim when you were young.
I don't know why Tom hurried. He needn't have hurried.
15 助動詞3
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V
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14 助動詞2
A mustの用法
1義務 必要 しなければならない
You must change your socks if they get wet.
You must not ask a woman her age. It's not polite.
2推量 ～に違いない
You must be joking! You can't be serious.
B willとshall
1主張 固執 どうしても～しようとする
He will have his own way.
This window won't open.
2 習性 傾向 ～するものだ
A dog will usually obey his master.
3 推量 ～だろう
This will be the magazine you are looking for.
4 話者の強い意思 どうしても
I shall never forget your kindness.
C wouldとused to
1 主張 固執
He would go in spite of our warning.
We offered him some money, but he wouldn't accept it.
2 過去の習慣 ～したものだ
Sometimes we would play tricks on our teachers.
Mrs. Miller used to walk downtown, but now she takes the bus.
3 丁寧な表現 ～して下さいませんか？
Would you please lend me your pencil?
Would you mind moving your car?
No, not at all.
14 助動詞2
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