Has the pill changed the rules of sexual attraction The contraceptive pill alters monthly fluctuations in hormones associated with the menstrual cycle, mimicking the more stable hormonal conditions associated with pregnancy.This might not only disrupt the natural processes which influence women's choice of partner, but it could also make them less able to compete with women who have a natural menstrual cycle, a paper published this week in trends in ecology and evolution suggests. How worried should we be, and what other strategies can men and women use to tip the odds in their favour?New scientist great deals on Prom Dresses investigates. Recent studies have confirmed that women tend to prefer taut bodies, broad shoulders, clear skin and defined, masculine facial features all of which may indicate sexual potency and good genes.Women also tend to be attracted to men who look as if they have wealth, or the ability to acquire it. Smell may also be a factor:Women seem to prefer the scent of men who have immune systems dissimilar to their own, as measured by genes for the major histocompatibility complex(Mhc).A number of companies have sprung up recently that even claim to be able to match couples on the basis of their genes. How might the contraceptive pill interfere with this? Levels of the sex hormones oestrogen and progesterone fluctuate throughout a woman's monthly menstrual cycle.At the start of the cycle when the egg is maturing the body releases oestrogen.During the second half of the cycle, after the egg has been released and might implant, progesterone is secreted.A woman's most fertile period comes in between these two phases, shortly before and immediately after the egg is released. Women's preferences for certain male scents and features are thought to change during their cycle.For example, as they approach ovulation, women prefer men with more masculine features, possibly because these reflect high sexual potency and better genes.During nonfertile periods they prefer more feminine facial features and attributes, perhaps because such men may be more nurturing and therefore better at helping to raise children, even if they are not their own. The pill may throw a spanner in the works.It stops this cyclical release of oestrogen and progesterone, and so may interfere with women's natural choice of partner.Some studies have suggested that while women usually prefer the scent of men with immune profiles dissimilar to their own, those on the pill preferred men with similar immune profiles. Should women on the contraceptive pill be worried? Although studies have hinted that women's choice of partner may be affected by the pill, such basic mechanisms of mate choice likely evolved in very different conditions to today's society.Our ancestors lived in far smaller communities and rarely had the chance to meet outsiders.This means the chances of inbreeding would have been much higher, and subtle cues like smell might well have reduced the chances of this happening. Today, our communities are far more diverse, so the chances of inbreeding are more remote.Many would argue that personality is a far better way to choose a life partner than what they smell like.One recent study involving speeddating experiments suggested that although women might say they prefer the scent of men with dissimilar immune systems, this doesn't correspond with the men they actually chose to go out with. Don't men have any say in the matter? As a general rule, men tend to desire women with features that suggest youth and fertility, including a low waisttohip ratio, full lips and soft facial features. Some studies have looked at men's preferences for women at different stages of the menstrual cycle.For example, women's voices are thought to be more attractive during the most fertile period of their cycle.During this part of their cycle, lap dancers also reportedly earn more that at other times. The contraceptive pill might in theory iron out some of these differences.The problem is that many of these studies have relied on artificial conditions by asking men to rate women's walks in video clips, for example. It's unlikely that we pay such close attention to these cues in the real world.Even if we do, it's obvious that the majority of women who are on the pill have no problem attracting or retaining a partner.In the case of the lap dancers, those on the pill earned similar tips to those with http://www.fcsc.co.uk/special-occasion-dresses/dresses-for-weddings.html normal cycles during the nonfertile periods of their menstrual cycle, suggesting that men found them equally attractive. Is there anything men can do to make themselves more attractive to women? If you're not tall, toned and masculinelooking, don't despair.Whether they are looking for a onenight stand or a longterm relationship, women tend to go for intelligence as well as good looks.Showing your creative side also helps:Both artists and poets seem to attract a lot of sexual partners. There is also empirical evidence that women find wealthy men attractive, and one recent study concluded that richer men father more children. If all else fails, try surrounding yourself with beautiful female friends or slipping a wedding ring on your finger.In fact, i've noticed how the pill has seemed to promote irresponsible sexual behaviour and far more promiscuous behaviour in girls by freeing them of the fear of consequences by getting pregnant by an unsuitable partner.I'm not quite sure if perhaps it was only the way in which condoms were originally advertised but control of stds seemed to be their main selling point or at least the associated precaution fulfilled by using them.I know of a woman who 'put' her daughters on the pill as soon as they started menstruating, emphasisng pregnancy as the thing to be frightened of she didn't care how many partners her children had as long as the didn't get pregnant(Her major worry for them). In a time where human urbanised populations comprise of over thousands of people, this change in emphasis frankly frightens me.I think the pill has far wider implications than even this article has envisioned. But i have noticed women with bad dads tend to knowingly go after the"Bad boy"Types themselves, and repeat the cycle all over again. A few women eventually tire of getting burned and abused by these kinds of men and then settle on a"Nice guy"Type.Some women never tire of it, however.Makes me think there's a parasitic gene at work causing these women to mate with men who have the same gene. And then there are many women who manufacture beliefs about their fathers(And men in general)Being bad as an excuse http://www.fcsc.co.uk/wedding-party-dresses/bridesmaid-dresses.html for their own dysfunction and debaucherous lifestyle.
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