It's been a long time since I wrote last time... I've been really busy and many things happened. Unfortunately, I decided to close my blog with some reasons. The biggest reason is because my dream came ture a year ago, at last. I got a permanent full time position at the ROM as a vertebrate palaeontology technician. I was going to write blog till my dream came true. Also, fossils I prepare are mostly for the research and it became more difficult to write and show what I do at real time any more...
However, I have my twitter account and I do tweet/retweet on my prepping job with photos (whenever I can) and palaeo related news. If interested, please follow me on Twitter. Thank you
A few weeks has past since I came from summer fieldwork in South Dakota. I didn't have much time to take enough rest after and to keep focusing on something looking under the microscope all day long, every day, takes my energy away more than I think. I just don't realize it while I'm prepping because I enjoy the lab work. I'm still trying to recover...
2 days before I left for South Dakota, I had started prepping another skull of synapsid. I was going to finish it soon since 3/4 was already done . However, I decided to prep a little more for neck vertebrae I found in the matrix. I just kept working here and there... As a result, it took 5 days to finish this skull. This Diictodon was nicer looking than the last one I prepped.
Before prepping (top)
After prepping (top)
Before prepping (left side)
After prepping (left side)
So far, I've picked easier ones from the prep list. I promised to start prepping ones I wanted to take longer time after the fieldwork. I picked Cistecephalus. On the list, it was described as skull and partial skeleton. When I saw it in a plastic bag, it wasn't looked good in my eyes at all. So I wanted to prep it later. However, after removing all the broken debris, what I saw in front of my eyes wasn't bad at all. I could see the skull and several bones already and realized this was going to be a beautiful specimen for the gallery.
Before prepping (top)
The shape of the skull was different from other synapsid I prepped before. It was shorter, flatter, and cuter. My estimation of work time was 3 days for the skull and 2∼3 days for the skeleton. Skull was nicely preserved and many bones, including small articulated foot, a series of vertebra, a scapula, a humerus, and an ulna etc., were hiding in the matrix. Prepping the bottom of the skull and painting plaster filling of the gaps were not in my plan at first, but they were added. It took 6.5 days in total to prep this cute guy. I enjoy working on this kind of small fossil very much. I could prep not only the skull, but also its skeleton at a time. I like a chunk of rock that I can find many different bones in.
After prepping (top)
After prepping (right side of the skull)
I also have to prep some specimen for Dr. Evans' study. I put aside my prep list for the gallery and I started prepping dinosaur. I was used to prep small things for the last 2 months, so it is a little weird feeling to go back to prep big specimen again. If prepping is for study, it means I won't be able to show till their paper is out. Hopefully, I'll have something I can show while I prep dinosaur.
In the beginning of the 3rd week, Dr.Evans, Ian (Chief tech), and Kentaro (Grad student) were arrived in Buffalo. They discussed the best way to flip and pull this giant jacket. We still had a few more days till the day, but that was probably the only thing in everybody's mind.
We made this jacket thicker and thicker. Ian (field tech) dug a tunnel under and we put belly bands, too. It became an 1ton jacket in the end.
The day of big flipping came. Rancher gave us a big help with his heavy machinery. Ian and Kentaro roped the jacket and started breaking the rest of the pedestals. Once a tractor started pulling, the jacket was flipped slowly.
Then tractor pulled jacket to the flat area, so they could load it on the flatbed truck. Everything went well and our summer field work in South Dakota was finished.
When I came here for the first time in mid June, this quarry was a much smaller pit. Seeing the empty pit after we removed the last giant jacket, I realized that we really dug a lot
Well, it's time to go back to prep. Oh, how much I missed it!
The next day I found a radius, the quarry was filled with water because of the rain. The bone was luckily not sank in the water.
Unfortunately the pump we bought last time was in Alberta! We had to bail all the water out of the quarry manually. After 2 hours (maybe longer) of our hard work, we could start making field jacket for the radius. This time we wanted to collect it quickly, we used Gypsona plaster bandages. They are made from a specially woven cloth uniformly
impregnated with the finest quality, fast setting Plaster of Paris. All
you need is water! Simply moisten to activate
the plaster and apply. Radius was saved.
Ian is holding radius that we saved from water
In the end of the day, quarry was still wet and muddy, but looked like before. However, it became like a lake again next day. The quarry was filled with much more water than the day before. This time, we really needed a pump and rented it. It took only five or ten minutes to remove all the water.
The end of the day we bailed all the water
Lake again next morning
Pump worked very well
Pump made possible for us to back to work quickly. We started working on the huge block, so we could flip it on the last day of this fieldwork. We gave some wood supports and kept adding layers of burlap dipped in plaster of paris. This block became bigger and bigger everyday.
It looked like a rabbit shape in the first week, but it became like a giant mushroom. This was the largest jacket I've ever seen in the field. Can we flip it
From the first weekend to Tuesday of the second week, we were trying to collect the femur. We made a nice pedestal for it and started making a field jacket. Then, we dug more the left side of the femur, so we had enough space to flip it.
Flipping the femur was easier than expected. The soil got softer and wet as it was deeper. The block fell slowly to the left when we push it and flipped nicely.
Before sealing the bottom of the jacket, we scraped off rocks more. When Ian removed a chunk of rock, he found another bone in the jacket. A bonus bone
Next thing to do was taking this huge jacket out of the quarry. How big was this block? I am 156cm and the jacket was...
We managed to move it out of the quarry and to the area where our truck could park. It went well to this point without problem.
I thought loading it on to the truck was the hardest part. But we made it using the pile of rocks we made by digging quarry.
We were all happy after the big job was done and of course we went back to dig more after that. Since femur was found in unexpected direction, we decided to dig around that area more. After a few hours we restarted digging, I luckily found another bone. It looked like a metatarsal at first, but was a radius. A complete beautiful bone.
Since we came back to this quarry, quarry has been changed its shape a lot. We dug a lot and we will do more. I wonder how it will look like when we leave.
So, I came back to South Dakota again. Crew members are different from the last time. Ian Macdonald returned from Alberta, Dr. Kevin Seymour (Assistant Curator), Danielle Dufault (Paleo-Scientific Ilustrator), and I. Dr, David Evans, Ian Morrison (chief tech), and Kentaro Chiba (Grad Student) will join later, but 4 of us are the new team for the first 2 weeks.
We drove a truck from Toronto to Buffalo, South Dakota for 3 days. I drove a truck, too. That was the first time for me to drive a truck. Not like the last time, the weather is better, but hotter.
For the first 2 days, it was such a perfect weather to be in the quarry. Windy, but the temperature was cooler. We made a lot of progress especially on the first day.
Day 1: Before starting
the end of the day
On the 2nd day, we removed the tarp and Ian finished making jackets for the bones sticking out from the sacrum. Whole jacket were looked like a giant rabbit. Then, we started digging around it.
Unfortunately, those ears had to be broken off for the safe transportation. Ian succeeded it and now rabbit lost ears. Well, everything will be fixed in the lab later, so we don't need to worry about it. We will bring back those ears, too
Ian succeeded breaking off ears
On the Day 3, I found a huge femur. Since we had to remove the overburden, it took a few days till we could see the whole thing. I was happy to find it was a complete bone.
Ian and Dr. Seymour removing overburden
a complete femur
Also, on the same day I found a femur, Ian also found a caudal vertebra and a rib.
We still have one and a half week. I hope we keep finding more, but we'll see.
There were 17 days before going back to the field work in South Dakota again. I couldn't do much on the first day of the work because I had to clean up my work station and fix arm for the microscope. For 16 days, I could prep more specimen than I expected.
After I prepped several fish as warm up, I started prepping skulls. I have 6 skulls of Permian Synapsid on my prep list for the future gallery. Same as fish, I went to the collections room to take a look at those specimen. I have prepped Lystrosaurus before,which was also for the same gallery. Skulls I saw in the drawers were much smaller than that, but they were from South Africa same as Lystrosaurus. Matrix was same. I picked one of the smallest skulls among them and it was Emydops.
Emydops (before prepping)
(after prepping)
These kind of animals have a temporal fenestra, an opening low in the skull roof behind each eye, leaving a bony arch beneath each. Bone is very thin. Estimated work days was 20days, but it took 2 and a half days. If it was for study, it takes longer for sure. However, this is for the gallery display. I prep only where people would see. I believe it was still very fast, though. It was a good test to figure out how long I will need to prep this kind of fossils. There are a lot of fossils that I will have to prep, so it is very useful to make a plan.
Diictodon (before prepping)
right side (after prepping)
Next one was Diictodon, It was named as Dicynodon at first, but it seems like Dicynodon is not exist any more. This skull was a lot bigger than Emydops. It took twice as long as Emydops, 5 whole days. I didn't like this skull so much as it was squashed and the left side was grotesque
left side (after prepping)
After Diictodon, I chose a fish again. There was one more Eusthenopteron on the list. Matrix of fish and of skulls are very different. Matrix of skull is much harder. So, I decided to prep fish just for a day, as a break and also to rest my hand and arm at the same time.
Eusthenopteron (before prepping)
(after prepping)
This specimen had an old collection number, ROM 1937. One of the specimen numbers on the same list shows 72668. We don't do any more, but they sometimes painted the fossils or missing parts to cover. This fish was also painted partially. I prepped a little more to highlight and cleared around it. Fins were more clearly visible and false painted tail was fixed.
I also had an experiences to re-attach broken spines and remove false eye lenses of Trilobites. Re-attaching spines weren't so easy at first. Too tiny, fragile, and not much spaces between spines that I can put my fingers or tweezers. Looking under the microscope, put clay on the tip of tweezers to hold a tiny broken spine avoiding more break, make sure to find the perfect connections, put tiny amount of crazy glue to the broken spine, wait till glue start curing and put spine back that moment. Keep fingers or hand steady is not easy, so I needed to glue them back fast. I just needed to know the timing of curing of the glue. For the first, it took almost an hour to glue just one tiny spine back. However, after a few practices, it became shorter and shorter to 5 min or so. All 6 trilobites fixing job were finished. It was a very rare experience for me.
I didn't rush anything, but I'm glad I finished many this month. There are 5 specimen on the list that I would like to take my time more for. I am happy that I can spend more time for those. When I come back from the field next month, I will start prepping them.
Well, I prepped enough this month. I think it's time to go back to South Dakota to dig more Triceratops and bring back to the ROM.
Soon after I returned from the South Dakota fieldwork, my new prepping project has started. This time, I have 2 different prepping jobs. One is for the ROM's future gallery: The Gallery of Early Life. I worked for it about 2 years ago. I work once again for the gallery because there are still many specimen to be prepped. The other one is for Dr. Evans' research. Basically, I prep whatever Dr. Evans needs for his research.
Both Dr. Kevin Seymour and Dr. Linda Tsuji (both assistant curators) prepared the prepping list of the gallery for me. I could see mostly vertebrate (reptiles, amphibians, fish, etc), and some invertebrate specimen included. Estimated work days for each specimen were also shown on the list and total work days were way longer than the time I can work for. Well, all I can do is just doing my best as always I do.
Since I took long vacation and I was away for the fieldwork, I wanted to start with something easy. I always ask for this to Dr. Evans and Ian whenever I had a long break from prepping fossils. It is just to knock the rust off and make myself more comfortable to start prepping something more delicate and important specimen. Before I left South Dakota, I asked Dr. Evans what I can prep for a warm up. I was supposed to start with one of the Ceratopsian dinosaur skull bones. However plan has been changed suddenly as I have to go back to South Dakota from 25th of this month for 3 weeks.
So, I decided to work for the gallery this month till I leave for the fieldwork. I scanned what were on the list and noticed a few specimen I probably want to wait to start. By looking at several specimen among top 15 rank on the list, I found which one I would like to start with. Fish!
Scaumenacia curta from Quebec (before prepping)
(after prepping)
First fish I picked was Scaumenacia curta. I've prepped fish before and knew what to do. And I like prepping fish. Those were the reasons, very simple.
another Scaumenacia curta from Quebec (before prepping)
(after prepping)
Both fish didn't take long to finish prepping. Estimated 5 days for each and I finished each fish in less than a day. Second one had pyrite here and there and it was my first experience to prep fossil with pyrite. I removed as much as possible, but some spots were impossible. Unfortunately, I heard that there is no way to stop pyrite growth.
Eusthenopteron foordi (before prepping)
(after prepping)
I don't have prep experiences of fish so much yet, but I like Eusthenopteron the best among the fish I prepped before. I really enjoy prepping its skull. This was also 5 days estimated work and I finished in 2 and a half days. This time, it seems like I don't have to push myself to prep fast. I think estimating work hours for somebody else to finish prepping something is not easy. Prepping goal also can be changed in any way during the prepping. If curators said "that is good enough", I could finish prepping without cleaning the whole thing depended on purpose. Sooner is better, but I'll do at my own pace. I like to enjoy prepping more this time.
Through the gallery prep, I will have great chances to prep various kinds of animals that I have never prepped before. I will also prep more delicate and difficult dinosaur fossils for Dr. Evans' research. This is another good opportunity for me to make my skill better.
I would like to write a little about something I did other than just digging dinosaurs in the quarry during the field work.
We had about 45 min lunch break in the field everyday. I just ate sandwich I made in the morning and had some snack. All I did for the first week was just eating and taking a rest during the lunch break.
However, I got a little bored of just sitting and taking a rest. I remembered Dr. Evans showed us a microsite on the second day of the first week in the field. I like looking for small fossils at microsite. I found a broken piece of turtle shell and a gar scale that day.
So I just walked along the wash an afternoon of the second week, where it was the south of the ROM's Triceratops quarry. It was opposite direction from the microsite Dr. Evans showed us in the first week. I didn't expect to be able to find something nice and I was just checking the ground, here and there. I could see several broken bones, but none of them looked special in my eyes...
Just before I decided to go back to the truck, something caught my eyes. I was expecting to find something really small, so I was surprised to find a big bone. I could tell it was a vertebra, but didn't know whose. It looked interesting, so I picked it up and brought it to Dr. Evans. He told me that it was a big crocodilian vertebra. He seemed very happy with my finding.
I also found an Ankylosaur scute a few days later while I was prospecting other area after lunch. Ian (chief tech) found turtle shells and Dr. Evans found more Triceratops bones.
It was fun to find fossils on the ground, even though it wasn't a big discovery. I would like to do that again, when I go back later this month.
Second week of the field work was started with finishing making field jackets for the big block. We flipped over the smaller one(block ) and sealed the bottom with plaster coated burlap strips. Then, we put more layers for the rest of the block(block ) while letting block A dry. The block B was very large, so we used wood for giving extra support.
Once block A was dried, next plan was to bring it to the truck. Climbing up the slope with about 300lb (136kg?) block wasn't easy. However teamwork made it. Unfortunately, I can't be useful when it comes to lifting heavy weights.
After block A was done and one day off from the quarry, block B was the next thing to take care. Block B was much bigger than block A, so wood was used not only for the top, but also for the bottom. Additional layers of plaster coated burlap strips were given till it was safe to be flipped.
They estimated the weight of the block B about 1,000lb (454kg?). This time, the Ranch owner gave us a hand from flipping the block to loading it on the truck, using his Bobcat.
While the block was loading on truck, some questions were going round and round in my mind. "Where are we gonna store these blocks in the lab!? We already have big blocks there..." " Triceratops is a big dinosaur. These blocks are drier than others I prepped last year and have iron stones. It must take long to prep them all. Who's gonna prep them!?" Digging them is a project, but prepping them will be also a project. It will be cool and fun project, though.
The day before I left, both Ian ( we had 2 Ian in our crew) started uncovering more bones at the quarry. It was the hottest day, but I think I enjoyed that day the most. Even after I left, they kept finding more. The next day after I came back to Toronto, I had a call and was asked to go back again with new crew. It seems like I'm leaving later this month, for 3 weeks. 5 weeks. This is the first time for me to join the fieldwork for such a long time.
ROM's summer field work is still continuing and they are in Montana now, and will be in Alberta after. Dr. Evans and Ian (chief tech) will meet us in August after they finish digging in Alberta. So, it seems like digging Triceratops will be continued