1 Introduction
The sensor is a physical device or a biological organ, able to detect, feel the external signal, the physical conditions (such as light, heat, humidity) or chemical composition (e.g., aerosol), and the Discovery of the information passed on to other devices or organs.
The national standard GB7665-87 the sensor definition: "feel the specified measurement devices or devices that convert the available signal in accordance with the law, usually by sensitive components and conversion element". Sensor is a detection means, can feel the information to be measured, and can detect the feel of the information is converted into an electrical signal according to certain rules, or other desired forms of information output to meet the information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording and control requirements. It is the most important part of the automatic detection and automatic control.
Currently, the field of sensor networks is still in the early stages of development, China's scientific research, industry progress almost simultaneously with the international, mostly relying on scientific research, demonstration and application in some areas. Often use proprietary protocols in the sensor network has achieved, is still a lack of a comprehensive sensor network standard system, the lack of guidance on how to use existing technical standards in product design, system integration, no unified standard to follow, has been severely restricted the rapid development of technology applications and industries. Fortunately, our sensor network technology, industrial development and international basic synchronization, no comprehensive international standard system of sensor networks , our substantial participation in the field of international standardization work, occupied the commanding heights of industry provided a rare historic opportunity.
Sensor network standardization study will have to facilitate the consolidation of existing technology, industry results, standardize, and promote industrial orderly, healthy development; through co-ordination arrangements, joint research and research with comprehensive combing related technical systems to form a viable system of technical standards cut the key technical issues; through key technologies – standardized – to demonstrate the application – industrialization – the commercialization of "progressive development of the road to protect the large-scale application of the sensor network interconnection, and promote the rapid development of sensor networks; conducive to promoting China's substantive participation sensors network of international standardization work, the influence on the international expansion of industry.
The 2 sensor networks international and domestic Standardization Status
Sensor network technology and more Organization for Standardization, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Joint Technical Committee (JTC1), International Electronic and Electrical Engineers (IEEE), the International Telecommunication Union The International Organization for Standardization (ITU) and the Internet Engineer Task Force (IETF) sensor network standards in carrying out related research work, but most of them still in the standard proposal stage. Which, IEEE underlying wireless transmission technology and sensor interface standardization and research support for sensor networks has made some progress; ITU-T multimedia coding, systems and applications (SG16) research group began ubiquitous sensor network (USN ) applications and services, SG17 Study Group has carried out research USN security framework; IETF set up a low-power wireless personal area online the IPv6 (6LOWPAN) Working Group, has generated the RFC4944 (IEEE 802.15.4 IPv6) and RFC 4919 ( problem statement and goals). Recognized is called a sensor network standard IEEE802.15.4 Zigbee Alliance launched transmission network, the application layer protocol standards, and IEEE 1451.
In 2008, the global sensor market volume of $ 50.6 billion, the global sensor market in 2010 is expected to reach more than $ 60 billion. The survey shows that Eastern Europe, the Asia-Pacific region and Canada to become the sensor market the fastest growing region, and the United States, Germany, Japan, the sensor market is still the largest distribution areas. Worldwide sensor market is still the fastest growing auto market, accounting for second place is the process control market, optimistic about the outlook for the communications market.
Some sensor markets such as pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, level sensors exhibit characteristics of the mature market. Flow sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensor the size of the market, respectively, the sensor market as a whole accounted for 21%, 19% and 14%. Sensor market growth from the wireless sensor, MEMS (Micro-Electro-MechanicalSySTems, microelectromechanical systems) sensors, biosensors and other emerging sensor. The wireless sensor 2007-2010 CAGR is expected to exceed 25%.
Currently, the global sensor market changing innovation among showing a trend of rapid growth. Experts pointed out, the sensor field technology to extend and improve on the existing basis, countries will compete to accelerate the development and industrialization of the new generation of sensor supplier, the competition will become increasingly fierce. Development of new technologies will redefine the future of the sensor market, the emergence of new types of sensors such as wireless sensors, fiber optic sensors, smart sensors, and metal oxide sensors and market share expansion.
Research and Exploration for sensor network development of international standards, the 2007 ISO / IEC JTC1 formally established sensor network research group (SGSN). There are 22 experts from China, France, Japan, Korea, Norway, the United Kingdom and Germany, as well as other organizations liaison. The first plenary meeting was held in Shanghai, China, in June 2008, discussed the proposal of the sensor network application requirements, system architecture, protocols, interfaces and security. September 2008 and January 2009, China's delegation to participate in the 2nd and 3rd SGSN meeting held in Germany and Australia, substantive participation "ISO/IECJTC1 sensor network research group technical report writing , and made important contributions in many chapters