In 1975, Kohler and Milstein established lymphocyte hybridoma technique, and published the famous essay in the journal "Nature" entitled "Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Therefore, they won the 1984 Nobel Prize in Medicine Award. 12 years after this, many of the world's top laboratories around the clock to explore the feasibility of antibody treatment of cancer.
Among them, the main laboratory includes the University of California, San Diego, Ivor Royston, Ronald Levy of Stanford University and Richard Miller, Harvard University's Lee Nadler, Jerome Ritz, and Stuart Schlossma U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), Thomas Waldmann and Ira Pastan. Between 1960 and 1970, it was the "golden age" of talented people in NIH history. More recently, Joseph L. Goldstein and Michael Stuart Brown, the professor of University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, published in the journal "Science", entitled "History of science A golden era of the Nobel laureates Commentary (Science., 2012 Nov 23; 338:1033-4) to review this history.
Goldstein and Brown revealed the regulation of cholesterol bolism and won the 1985 Nobel Prize in Medicine. They mentioned in the text that there are nine trained at the NIH postdoctoral (including the two of them) in the future get a Nobel Prize only in the eight years from 1964-1972! During the same period, the NIH also produced four Nobel Prize: Marshall Nirenberg (1968), Julius Axelrod (1970), Christian Anfinsen (1972), D. Carlton Gajdusek (1976). Dramatically, two Nobel Laureates (Harold Varmus and Robert J. Lefkowitz) are from the same NIH laboratory, and their mentor is also my postdoctoral mentor Ira Pastan (Of course, we are different periods). Varmus and Bishop shared the 1989 Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes. Lefkowitz and Kobilka won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the study of the structure and of the GPCR.
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