Learn, Unlearn and Relearn (4)
McMillan lists a number of jobs that no longer exist. And Collins says the pace of the world has increased dramatically. Assumptions must be constantly challenged, she says. Collins goes on to describe how when the world was a slower place, people used to learn what they needed to make a living and then stuck with that.
options 選択肢
once-stable profession かつては安定していた職業
Formerly stable, was stable in the past. We use once-hyphen with many many terms. Things like, the once-mighty company is now struggling with low sales. Or, the once-tiny shop has grown into a national chain.
once-humble かつては地味だった
switch board operator 電話交換手
typesetter 植字の職人、活字を組む、拾う人
iceman 氷屋さん、氷配達人
The list goes on. 例をあげればキリがない
get ahead 出世する、先へ進む
Collins says, “People say the rules for getting ahead have changed,but I don’t think so.”
This is advancing at work, school. He acquired special qualifications to help himself get ahead at work.
Or, learning a foreign language can help you get ahead in life.
question and assumption 思い込みに疑問を持つ、想定を疑う
In this case, “question” means “cast doubt on.” Ask, “Is this really right? Is this really okay?” for example. At the staff meeting, Tom questioned the efficiency of our new workflow.” Or, Jane and I questioned his ability to do this job.
established paradigm [pǽrədàim] 規定の枠組み
When I was a kid, I bet I pronounce this [paradigam] the first time I saw it. I’d be surprised if I didn’t.
This basically means a framework, a set of ideas, values, behavior that we see reality through. You’ll often hear about a paradigm shift. That’s a change in the way we view something, the way we deal with it. Smartphones brought a paradigm shift in communications in the concept of a phone.
パラダイスはギリシャ語で pattern という意味です
Paradigm shift パラダイムシフト、企業における戦略的発想の共通の土台となるもの
あまり固定化してしまうと行き詰まりを来すので、過去の習慣やroutineルーティーンに決別して新しい paradigm をつくり出す、切り替える
cast aside – , 〜を投げ捨てる、捨て去る
outworn 時代遅れの、廃れた、着古した
No longer acceptable, usable or practical. And we can use this about tangible and intangible things. Like, we need to replace these outworn chairs. They’re scratched and the covers have holes in them. Or, we need to replace our outworn marketing strategy. Do more with social media.
worn out 着古す 使い古す
in practice 実際には、実際問題として
That can be hard to do in practice.
When something is actually done in the application of an idea or theory. And it’s often contrasted with “in theory.” Let’s say a company decides to start work at 7 in the morning. In theory, this would give employees more time off in the evenings. But, in practice, the employees might be sleepy and angry about getting up so early.
in theory 理論的には ↔ in practice
It sounds great in theory. But would it work in practice? 理論的には素晴らしそうだが、実際にはうまくいくだろうか？
sedate 穏やかな、落ち着いた
Down at the bottom, Collins says, “That worked just fine when the pace of technological and social change was relatively sedate.”
make a living 生計を立てる
Earn enough money to support our lives, our needs. It’s hard to make a living as an actor, for example.
It’s very competitive business. Only a few people make it big. Or, he makes a living as a freelance consultant.
digital revolution デジタル革命
infinite amount of information 膨大な量の情報
“Infinite” is often used like this, with a bit of hyperbole. We basically mean an enormous amount. Japan has an infinite number of great restaurants.
hyperbole 誇張
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only human 人間なので
Ueda says, “We’re only human, after all.” We often use this when we’re talking about typical human weaknesses or failings. You are being understanding. We’re saying, “Hey, nobody’s perfect. That’s the way people are.” Let’s say, I’m really upset because I made a mistake at work. A friend might tell me, “Well, you’re only human. Mistakes happen.”
nobody’s perfect 完璧な人はいない。
No one is infallible. 絶対確実なもの、絶対信頼できるもの、絶対間違いのないこと、決して誤らない人
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shibboleth シボレテ、合い言葉、標語、(特定の階級などの)独特の慣習、陳腐な文句
シボレテ ‘sh’ を発音できなかったエフライム人をギレアデ人と区別するために用いたためし言葉
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entrepreneur [ɑ̀ːntrəprənə́ːr] アントレプレナー
企業家、起業家